Cellular Respiration PDF: Electron Transport Chain Overview

Cellular Respiration in the ETC  Cellular Respiration 2  Oxidationreactions and reduction reactions constitute the biochemical mechanism that underlies energy metabolism  Mitochondria remove electrons from hydrogen and eventually...

Cellular Respiration in the ETC  Cellular Respiration 2  Oxidationreactions and reduction reactions constitute the biochemical mechanism that underlies energy metabolism  Mitochondria remove electrons from hydrogen and eventually pass them to oxygen ATP synthesis occurs as a result of these redox reactions Mitochondria have up to 10 billion enzymes Fig. 6.14. McArdle et al. 2010. Exercise Physiology… LWW  Electron Transport Chain 3  Electron transport constitutes the respiratory chain  SynthesizesATP by transferring electrons from NADH and FADH2 to oxygen This oxidizes NADH & FADH2 and reduces oxygen Fig. 2.10. ADP + Pi → ATP Kenney et al. 2012. Physiology of Sport… Hum. Kin. Oxidative Phosphorylation 4  NADH + H+ = 2.5 ATP FADH2 = 1.5 ATP (2nd “step”) 3 ATP are actually generated from NADH and 2 from FADH2, but some energy is spend shuttling them across the mitochondrial membrane  Only 30-40% energy conserved in chemical bonds of ATP. Rest is lost as heat (2nd Law of Thermodynamics) Fig. 6.6. McArdle et al. 2014. Exercise Physiology… LWW  Electron Transport Chain 5 4 Things to know about the ETC: 1) How do you get ATP? 2) How do you drive the endergonic reaction of ATP synthase? 3) Why do you get an extra ATP when using NADH than FADH2? 4) What is the role of oxygen in the ETC? Fig. 2.10. Kenney et al. 2012. Physiology of Sport… Hum. Kin.  Energy Yield from Oxidation of Glucose 6 + 32 ATP + 32 ADP Fig. 2.11. Kenney et al. 2015. Physiology of Sport… Hum. Kin. Review Questions 7 Be able to answer the 4 main questions regarding the ETC. Be able to calculate the number of ATP, NADH and FADH2 that you would produce (gross) or net from complete (aerobic) oxidation of: 1 glucose 1 G6P from glycogen 1 lactate Figure & Notes References 8  Kenney, Wilmore, & Costill. Physiology of Sport & Exercise, 5th Edition. Human Kinetics, 2015.  McCardle, Katch, Katch. Exercise Physiology: Nutrition, Energy, and Human Performance, 8th Edition. Wolters Kluwer Health, 2015.