CE013 Plumbing And Sanitary Systems 1st Semester 2024-2025 PDF

TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING 1ST SEMESTER 2024 - 2025 CE013 BUILDING SYSTEMS DESIGN MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY S...

TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING 1ST SEMESTER 2024 - 2025 CE013 BUILDING SYSTEMS DESIGN MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS ENGR. CHRISTIAN Y. IBONIA, RCE Course Instructor, CE013 1ST SEMESTER 2024 - 2025  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS MODULE 3: PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES At the end of this module, you should be able to: 1. Determine the appropriate minimum standards in installing various components of a plumbing system 2. Identify the various fixtures, pipes, fittings, and tools used in plumbing 3. Explain the importance of ventilation, proper waste disposal, and storm water drainage in plumbing systems 4. Apply the concepts in water supply pipe size calculations in the analysis of the design of plumbing plans 5. Generate plumbing and sanitary plans using the standards and provisions in the Revised National Plumbing Code of the Philippines  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS MODULE 3: PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS TOPIC OUTLINE This module will cover the following topics: A. Principles of Plumbing B. Design Provisions for Plumbing C. Drain-Waste-Vent System Ventilation System Sewage Disposal System Storm Water System D. Water Supply Pipe Size Calculation E. Plumbing Pipes, Fittings, and Tools  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS MODULE 3 – PART A PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING All premises intended for human habitation, occupancy or use shall be provided with a supply of pure and wholesome water, neither connected with unsafe water supplies nor subject to hazards of backflow or back- siphonage  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING Plumbing fixtures, devices and appurtenances shall be supplied with water in sufficient volume and pressure adequate to function satisfactorily and without undue noise  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING Plumbing shall be designed and adjusted to use the minimum quantity of water consistent with proper performance and cleaning  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING Devices for heating and storing water shall be so designed and installed as to prevent dangers from explosion through overheating.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING Every building abutting on a street, alley or easement with a public sewer shall connect its plumbing fixtures to the sewer system  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING Each family dwelling unit shall have at least one water closet, one kitchen type sink, a lavatory and a bathtub or shower to meet the basic requirements of sanitation and personal hygiene.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING Plumbing fixtures shall be made of smooth non-absorbent material, free from concealed fouling surfaces and shall be located in ventilated enclosures  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING The drainage system shall be designed, constructed and maintained to safeguard against fouling, deposit of solids, clogging and with adequate cleanouts so arranged that the pipes may be readily cleaned  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING All piping shall be of durable NAMPAP-APPROVED materials, free from defective workmanship, designed and constructed by Registered Master Plumbers to ensure satisfactory service  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING Each fixture directly connected to the drainage system shall be equipped with a water-sealed trap  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING The drainage pipes piping system shall be designed to provide adequate circulation of air free from siphonage, aspiration or forcing of trap seals under ordinary use  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING Vent terminals shall extend to the outer air and installed to prevent clogging and the return of foul air to the building  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING Plumbing systems shall be subjected to such tests to effectively disclose all leaks and defects in the workmanship  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING Substance which will clog the pipes, produce explosive mixtures, destroy the pipes or their joints or interfere unduly with the sewage-disposal process shall not be allowed to enter the building drainage system  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING Proper protection shall be provided to prevent contamination of food, water, sterile goods and similar materials by backflow of sewage. When necessary, the fixture, device or appliance shall be connected indirectly with the building drainage system  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING No water closet shall be located in a room or compartment which is not properly lighted and ventilated  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING If there is no sewer system in the area, suitable provision shall be made for the disposal of building sewage by some accepted method of sewage treatment and disposal, such as a septic tank  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING Where a plumbing drainage system may be subject to backflow of sewage, suitable provision shall be made to prevent its overflow in the building  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING Plumbing systems shall be maintained in serviceable condition by Registered Master Plumbers  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING All plumbing fixtures shall be installed properly spaced, to be accessible for their intended use  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING Plumbing shall be installed with due regard to the preservation of the strength of structural members and the prevention of damage to walls and other surfaces through fixture usage  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING Sewage or other waste from plumbing system which may be deleterious to surface or sub-surface waters shall not be discharged into the ground or into any waterway, unless first rendered innocuous through subjection to some acceptable form of treatment  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING PLUMBING CYCLE SUPPLY DISTRIBUTION USE Water Mains, Pressure, Piping Plumbing Storage Tanks Networks Fixtures SOURCE COLLECTION COMPONENTS AND FLOW IN WATER SYSTEMS Lakes, Rivers, Gravity, Piping Reservoirs Networks TREATMENT DISPOSAL Sewage Plants, Sanitary and Treated water returned to Natural Purification original source Storm Sewers Diagrammatic Interpretation of The Plumbing Cycle  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING PLUMBING CYCLE SUPPLY DISTRIBUTION USE Water Mains, Pressure, Piping Plumbing Storage Tanks Networks Fixtures SOURCE COLLECTION COMPONENTS AND FLOW IN WATER SYSTEMS Lakes, Rivers, Gravity, Piping Reservoirs Networks TREATMENT DISPOSAL Sewage Plants, Sanitary and Treated water returned to Natural Purification original source Storm Sewers Diagrammatic Interpretation of The Plumbing Cycle  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING PLUMBING CYCLE SUPPLY DISTRIBUTION USE Water Mains, Pressure, Piping Plumbing Storage Tanks Networks Fixtures SOURCE COLLECTION COMPONENTS AND FLOW IN WATER SYSTEMS Lakes, Rivers, Gravity, Piping Reservoirs Networks TREATMENT DISPOSAL Sewage Plants, Sanitary and Treated water returned to Natural Purification original source Storm Sewers Diagrammatic Interpretation of The Plumbing Cycle  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING PLUMBING CYCLE SUPPLY DISTRIBUTION USE Water Mains, Pressure, Piping Plumbing Storage Tanks Networks Fixtures SOURCE COLLECTION COMPONENTS AND FLOW IN WATER SYSTEMS Lakes, Rivers, Gravity, Piping Reservoirs Networks TREATMENT DISPOSAL Sewage Plants, Sanitary and Treated water returned to Natural Purification original source Storm Sewers Diagrammatic Interpretation of The Plumbing Cycle  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING PLUMBING CYCLE SUPPLY DISTRIBUTION USE Water Mains, Pressure, Piping Plumbing Storage Tanks Networks Fixtures SOURCE COLLECTION COMPONENTS AND FLOW IN WATER SYSTEMS Lakes, Rivers, Gravity, Piping Reservoirs Networks TREATMENT DISPOSAL Sewage Plants, Sanitary and Treated water returned to Natural Purification original source Storm Sewers Diagrammatic Interpretation of The Plumbing Cycle  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING PLUMBING CYCLE SUPPLY DISTRIBUTION USE Water Mains, Pressure, Piping Plumbing Storage Tanks Networks Fixtures SOURCE COLLECTION COMPONENTS AND FLOW IN WATER SYSTEMS Lakes, Rivers, Gravity, Piping Reservoirs Networks TREATMENT DISPOSAL Sewage Plants, Sanitary and Treated water returned to Natural Purification original source Storm Sewers Diagrammatic Interpretation of The Plumbing Cycle  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING PLUMBING CYCLE SUPPLY DISTRIBUTION USE Water Mains, Pressure, Piping Plumbing Storage Tanks Networks Fixtures SOURCE COLLECTION COMPONENTS AND FLOW IN WATER SYSTEMS Lakes, Rivers, Gravity, Piping Reservoirs Networks TREATMENT DISPOSAL Sewage Plants, Sanitary and Treated water returned to Natural Purification original source Storm Sewers Diagrammatic Interpretation of The Plumbing Cycle  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING PLUMBING CYCLE SUPPLY DISTRIBUTION USE Water Mains, Pressure, Piping Plumbing Storage Tanks Networks Fixtures SOURCE COLLECTION COMPONENTS AND FLOW IN WATER SYSTEMS Lakes, Rivers, Gravity, Piping Reservoirs Networks TREATMENT DISPOSAL Sewage Plants, Sanitary and Treated water returned to Natural Purification original source Storm Sewers Diagrammatic Interpretation of The Plumbing Cycle  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING PLUMBING CYCLE WATER FUNCTIONS DIAGRAM  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF PLUMBING PLUMBING CYCLE WATER FUNCTIONS DIAGRAM  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS MODULE 3 – PART B DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING Plumbing system enables the distribution of clean water in the building through various components such as: WATER SERVICE ENTRANCE This consists of the main distribution pipe from the source of water i.e., local subdivision tank, and the pipe connecting this to the water supply piping system of the building.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING Plumbing system enables the distribution of clean water in the building through various components such as: WATER METER A device used to measure the amount of water consumption in a building. This screens the water before they enter the water supply piping system with certain attachments i.e. gate valves, check valves, which regulates the flow of water.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING Plumbing system enables the distribution of clean water in the building through various components such as: MAIN DISTRIBUTION PIPE This is the main pipe that delivers water from the outside source towards the connecting pipes inside the building.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING Plumbing system enables the distribution of clean water in the building through various components such as: BRANCH PIPES (FIXTURES) This includes all branch pipes connected from the main distribution pipe inside the building to the fixtures inside bathrooms and other areas which will receive water.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING Plumbing system enables the distribution of clean water in the building through various components such as: RISER This is used for buildings of two-stories and up to distribute water towards the upper floor levels.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING Plumbing system enables the distribution of clean water in the building through various components such as: VALVES AND CONTROL Various valves are available for use in plumbing system with a main function to regulate the flow of water and other liquids inside the pipes. Although there are certain differences among these valves, but they similarly function the same.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING Plumbing system enables the distribution of clean water in the building through various components such as: STORAGE TANKS There are cases that buildings employ the usage of water tanks to ensure continuous supply of water amidst any water interruption incident from its sources. Aside from determining the capacity of the tank to be used based on various factors i.e., number of occupants, the pump required to supply water in the tank including the pressure requirements for inflow and outflows should be strictly considered.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING PLUMBING FIXTURES Receptacles which are used to provide, receive and discharge water, liquid and water-carried wastes into a drainage system with which they are connect to. Plumbing fixtures are classified into the following: 1. Soil Fixtures 2. Scullery Fixtures 3. Bathing Fixtures  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING PLUMBING FIXTURES: SOIL FIXTURES These fixtures are responsible for the collection of various wastewater that shall be disposed in soil pipes. Soil pipes are piping that discharges wastewater that are sometimes classified as black water. Black water is a term used to refer wastewater that contains solid wastes and the typical liquid wastes. Soil fixtures includes water closets and urinals.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING PLUMBING FIXTURES: SOIL FIXTURES WATER CLOSETS Types of water closets are classified according to: 1. Flushing 2. Flush Tank Type 3. Mounting 4. Flushing Action  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING PLUMBING FIXTURES: SOIL FIXTURES WATER CLOSETS Water Closets according to Flushing water closets with flush tank water closets with direct flush valve (DFV) or flushometer valves  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING PLUMBING FIXTURES: SOIL FIXTURES WATER CLOSETS Water Closets according to Flush Tank Type Integral Flush Tank Closed Coupled Flush Tank Low Flush Tank High Flush Tank  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING PLUMBING FIXTURES: SOIL FIXTURES WATER CLOSETS Water Closets according to Mounting Floor-mounted Wall-hung  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING PLUMBING FIXTURES: SOIL FIXTURES WATER CLOSETS Water Closets according to Flushing Action Wash down Reverse trap Siphon jet Siphon vortex Direct flush valve  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING PLUMBING FIXTURES: SOIL FIXTURES WATER CLOSETS Other types of Water Closets include: Squat type Washout  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING PLUMBING FIXTURES: SOIL FIXTURES WATER CLOSET AND ITS TYPICAL COMPONENTS  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING PLUMBING FIXTURES: SOIL FIXTURES SETTING WATER CLOSETS Water closets are set from its center to the surface of a side wall with a minimum distance of 0.375m. Center-to-center spacing of water closets are set at a minimum of 0.75m.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING PLUMBING FIXTURES: SOIL FIXTURES MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR WATER CLOSETS The tabulation below shows the minimum water closet requirement for each occupancy based on the number of users/occupants in a building. OCCUPANCY MINIMUM WATER CLOSET KIND & NO. OF USERS Dwelling or Apartment 1 Family Elementary Schools 1 For 1-20 persons 2 For 21-50 persons 1 Per additional 50 persons  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING PLUMBING FIXTURES: SOIL FIXTURES MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR WATER CLOSETS OCCUPANCY MINIMUM WATER CLOSET KIND & NO. OF USERS Assembly Places 1 Per 1-100 males (Theaters and Auditoriums 2 Per 101-200 males for public use) 3 Per 201-400 males 3 Per 1-50 females 4 Per 51-100 females 8 Per 101-200 females 1 Per additional 500 males over 400 2 Pero additional 300 females over 400  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING PLUMBING FIXTURES: SOIL FIXTURES MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR WATER CLOSETS OCCUPANCY MINIMUM WATER CLOSET KIND & NO. OF USERS Dormitories 1 Per 10 males 1 Per 8 females 1 Per additional 25 males, 20 females  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING PLUMBING FIXTURES: SOIL FIXTURES MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR WATER CLOSETS OCCUPANCY MINIMUM WATER CLOSET KIND & NO. OF USERS Industrial 1 Per 1-10 persons 2 For 11-25 persons 3 For 26-50 persons 4 For 51-75 persons 5 For 76-100 persons 1 Per additional 30 persons in excess of 100  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING PLUMBING FIXTURES: SOIL FIXTURES URINALS Types of urinals are specified as: 1. Wall Hung 2. Pedestal 3. Trough 4. Stall  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING PLUMBING FIXTURES: SOIL FIXTURES SETTING URINALS Urinals are set 0.30m from its center to the surface of a side wall. 0.60m is the minimum center-to- center distance set between two urinals. FLUSHING Flushing urinals shall be done through automatic flushing tanks. (NPC 408.1) Flushometer valves shall be self-closing type discharging a predetermined quantity of water. No manually controlled flushometer valve shall be used to flush group of urinals. (NPC 408.2)  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING PLUMBING FIXTURES: SOIL FIXTURES MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR URINALS OCCUPANCY MINIMUM URINAL KIND & NO. OF USERS Schools: Elementary 1 Per 75 males Secondary 1 Per 35 males Office or Public Building 1 Per 1-100 males 2 Per 101-200 males 3 Per 201-400 males 4 Per 401-600 males 1 For each additional 300 males  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING PLUMBING FIXTURES: SOIL FIXTURES MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR URINALS OCCUPANCY MINIMUM URINAL KIND & NO. OF USERS Assembly Places (Theaters 1 Per 1-100 males and auditoriums) – for public 2 Per 101-200 males use 3 Per 201-400 males 4 Per 401-600 males 1 For each additional 500 males Dormitories 1 Per 25 males 1 Per 50 males in excess of 150 Industrial and Commercial 0 0  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING PLUMBING FIXTURES: SCULLERY FIXTURES These fixtures consists of those that are responsible for kitchen, dining, and cooking utensils i.e., kitchen sinks, and washing various materials or small items i.e., lavatories, laundry areas. These fixtures commonly discharges various grey wastewater through waste pipes. Waste pipes are piping that discharges wastewater that are sometimes classified as grey water. Grey water is a term used to refer wastewater that only contains pure liquid wastes with occasional minimal solid wastes which are not from any human or animal defecate.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING PLUMBING FIXTURES: SCULLERY FIXTURES KITCHEN SINKS Typical materials used for kitchen sinks are stainless-steel, cast-iron enamels, formed steel coated with porcelain enamel LAUNDRY TUBS Typical materials used for laundry tubs are stainless-steel, cast-iron enamels, formed steel coated with porcelain enamel  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING PLUMBING FIXTURES: SCULLERY FIXTURES Lavatories Lavatory types are either pedestal, wall hung, pullman/countertop, trough. PEDESTAL WALL HUNG COUNTERTOP TROUGH  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING PLUMBING FIXTURES: SCULLERY FIXTURES Other scullery fixtures include slop sinks and bar sinks.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING PLUMBING FIXTURES: BATHING FIXTURES These fixtures are primarily responsible for bathing. These fixtures commonly discharges various grey wastewater through waste pipes. Bathing fixtures include: 1. Bathtubs 2. Whirlpool Baths 3. Jacuzzi 4. Bidets  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING PLUMBING FIXTURES: BATHING FIXTURES BIDET Bidets are set at 0.375m from the center of bidet to the surface of a side wall, and 0.75m minimum center-to-center distance set between bidets.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING PLUMBING FIXTURES: BATHING FIXTURES FLOOR DRAINS Shower receptors, dams, curbs, are installed in the bathroom to prevent the escape of water that might overflow or flood inside the bathroom during bath. These shall be at least 25.4mm lower than the outside floor, nor be less than 51mm or more than 228mm from the top of the dams or curbs to the top of the drain.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DESIGN PROVISIONS FOR PLUMBING PLUMBING FIXTURES: BATHING FIXTURES SHOWER COMPARTMENT Shower compartments should have a minimum interior area of 0.6m2 and shall be capable of encompassing a 762mm diameter circle. This area shall be maintained from a point above the shower drain to a height 1.78m with no protrusions other than the fixture valve, shower head, and safety grab rails. This is to ensure that the person using the compartment is given adequate space to freely move around the compartment during bath. Drains for gang shower rooms i.e. public shower area in resorts, shall be spaced not more than 4.9m apart.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS MODULE 3 – PART C DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM The Waste Waterline system of a building which is primarily responsible in properly disposing wastewater towards its point of disposal i.e. septic tank, public sewer line. This system is further composed of three subsystems which are responsible in the over-all function of the waste waterline system. Hence, another term for the waste waterline system is the DWV System or the Drain-Waste-Vent System.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM Drainage System This system of pipes and fixtures is primarily responsible in discharging grey wastewater from sinks, lavatories, floor drains, etc. Waste Collection System This system of pipes and fixtures is primarily responsible in discharging black wastewater from water closets Ventilation System This system of pipes and fixtures is primarily responsible in ensuring that adequate air is circulated inside the waste waterline system and that enough pressure is generated to pull and push these wastewater towards its point of disposal i.e. septic tank, public sewer line  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM These subsystems of the waste waterline system collectively works in order to properly discharge waste waters. As a whole, the waste waterline system is composed of these essential components: Drain/Floor Drain This receives the discharged waste material Trap A fitting or device that provides a liquid seal which prevents the backflow of foul air inside the building. From the word trap, it traps the air inside the pipes. Branch Pipes/Branch Line This refers to any part of the piping system other than the main, riser, or stack. These pipes are connected to various fixtures which discharges wastewater.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM These subsystems of the waste waterline system collectively works in order to properly discharge waste waters. As a whole, the waste waterline system is composed of these essential components: Stack A vertical main pipe of a system extending through one or more stories and/or extended through the roof. Waste Pipe This type of pipe only conveys wastewater or liquid waste free of any fecal matter Soil Pipe This type of pipe conveys wastewater which includes fecal matter Vent Pipe This type of pipe is used for ensuring the circulation of air and relieving negative pressure exerted on trap seals in the system.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM VENTILATION SYSTEM Ventilation in the pipes is significant to the over-all performance of a household piping system intended for wastewater disposal. This ventilation is provided to allow pressure and air to circulate within these waste pipes. This allows wastes to flow freely in the pipes towards its intended end.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM Disposal phase is the final stage of the plumbing process where used water and water-carried wastes are brought to various disposal outlets. Wastewater collected from various fixtures in a building are typically discharged to a specified private sewage disposal system.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM SEPTIC TANK A septic tank is a common private sewage disposal system found in most residential houses and buildings. A septic tank is a watertight covered receptacle designed and constructed to receive the discharge of sewage from a building sewer, separate solids from the liquid, digest organic matter and store digested solids through a period of detention, and allow the clarified liquids to discharge for final disposal. The wastewater stored within a septic tank is further classified into various components: sludge, scum, and effluent.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM SEPTIC TANK The wastewater stored within a septic tank is further classified into various components: sludge, scum, and effluent. Sludge the solid organic matter that are denser than water and settle at the bottom of the septic tank Scum lighter organic material that rise to the surface of the water Effluent the liquid content of sewage typically found in between the sludge at the bottom and the scum at the top  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM SEPTIC TANK Aside from these components, bacteria thriving within the septic tank tends to decompose the solid- organic components of sewage which depletes sewage volume and provides space for more sewage intake. Aerobic bacteria in a septic tank relies in oxygen to survive, while anaerobic bacteria can survive in a septic tank without oxygen.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM Based on the Revised National Plumbing Code of the Philippines, a typical septic tank has the following minimum dimensions as shown in the figure below: length at 1500mm; width at 900mm, and; depth at 1200mm.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM Based on the Revised National Plumbing Code of the Philippines, a typical septic tank has the following minimum dimensions as shown in the figure below: length at 1500mm; width at 900mm, and; depth at 1200mm.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM Design Criteria: SEPTIC TANK Plans plans should show all dimensions, reinforcing, structural calculations, and other pertinent data, as needed Quality of Design it shall be such as to produce a clarified effluent of acceptable standards and shall provide adequate space for sludge and scum accumulations  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM Design Criteria: SEPTIC TANK Materials it shall be constructed of durable materials, not subject to excessive corrosion or decay, and shall be watertight Compartments it shall have a minimum of two compartments  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM Design Criteria: SEPTIC TANK First Compartment it shall not be less than two-thirds capacity of the total capacity of tank; not less than 2m3 liquid capacity; shall be at least 0.9m width and 1.5m long; Liquid depth not less than 0.6m nor more than 1.8m.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM Design Criteria: SEPTIC TANK Second Compartment it shall have a maximum of one-thirds of the total capacity of the tank; minimum of 1m3 liquid capacity  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM Design Criteria: SEPTIC TANK In septic tanks having over 6m3 capacity, the secondary compartment should be not less than 1.5m in length, and maintain a slope of 1:10 at the bottom of the digestion chamber to collect the sludge and make it easily accessible from the manhole  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM Design Criteria: SEPTIC TANK Size of Pipe Inlet and Outlet The inlet and outlet pipes shall have a diameter size not less than the sewer pipe. The vertical legs of inlet and outlet pipes shall have a diameter size not less than the sewer pipe nor less than 104.6mm  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM Design Criteria: SEPTIC TANK Length and Location of Inlet and Outlet The inlet and outlet pipe shall extend 101.6mm above and at least 304.8mm below the water surface. The invert of the inlet pipe shall be at a level not less than 50.8mm above the invert of the outlet pipe.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM Design Criteria: SEPTIC TANK Air Space The side walls shall extend 228.6mm above liquid depth. The cover of septic tank shall be at least 50.8mm above the back vent openings.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM Design Criteria: SEPTIC TANK Partition An inverted fitting equivalent in size to the tank inlet, but in no case less than 104.6mm in diameter, shall be installed in the inlet compartment side of the baffle with the bottom of the fitting placed midway in the depth of the liquid. Wooden baffles are prohibited  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM Design Criteria: SEPTIC TANK Structure Its structure shall be capable of supporting an earth load of not less than 14.4kPa  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM Design Criteria: SEPTIC TANK Capacity The capacity of septic tanks is determined by the number of bedrooms or apartment units in dwelling occupancies; by the estimated waste/sewage design flow rate for various building occupancies; or by the number of fixture units of all plumbing fixtures; whichever is greater.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM Design Criteria: SEPTIC TANK Location It should not be located underneath the house; at least 1.5m from the building/structure; at least 1.5m from property line adjoining a private property; at least 15.20m away from the nearest water supply well or water streams i.e. river, and; at least 3m from nearby trees  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM SEWERS There are three degrees or grades of wastewater: grey water, black water, and storm water. Grey water are wastewater with the exception of human wastes which are typically from laundries, wash basins, sinks, and tubs. Black water are wastewater which contains solid and liquid human wastes. Both grey and black water are collected and discharge to the private sewage disposal system i.e. septic tank. On the other hand, storm water are wastewater made up of rainwater.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM STORM WATER SYSTEM Storm water is a wastewater that is made up of rainwater. Aside from the typical drainage system discharging wastewater from various fixtures inside a building, storm water drainage is used to properly discharge rainwater from the building's roof or roof decks. Storm water drainage pipes or rainwater pipes shall not be used as soil pipes, as waste pipes, and even as vent pipes.  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM STORM WATER SYSTEM There are three major systems for collecting storm water: natural, combined, and independent. Natural System a storm water system that only involves roofs to divert rainwater towards the ground without using any roof gutters or downspouts, typically used when rainwater are collected in cisterns  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM STORM WATER SYSTEM There are three major systems for collecting storm water: natural, combined, and independent. Independent System also known as the separate system, this brings collected rainwater directly to its water reservoirs or a public storm drainage line outside the building  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM STORM WATER SYSTEM There are three major systems for collecting storm water: natural, combined, and independent. Combined System in this storm water piping system, both storm water with sanitary wastes are collected and discharged in a public sewer line this is prohibited since it mixes up both grey, black, and storm water within its pipes  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM STORM WATER SYSTEM One of the basic element in a storm water piping system involves roofing elements as defined by the following: Gutter it is usually located along the entire perimeter of the roof to collect rainwater Downspout it is located every eight to ten meters and at every corner of the roof, but to avoid clogging of pipes, it is best to locate them every four to six meters  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM STORM WATER SYSTEM One of the basic element in a storm water piping system involves roofing elements as defined by the following: Strainer or Roof Drain it is used to prevent clogging of pipes Shoe it is the end point of the downspout which discharges storm water from the downspout to its adjacent catch basin or the soil ground  MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS DRAIN-WASTE-VENT SYSTEM STORM WATER SYSTEM One of the basic element in a storm water piping system involves roofing elements as defined by the following: Catch Basin a storm water drain which collects rainwater from the roof through downspouts Storm Line a series of pipes which connects each catch basin and transports its wastewater to its intended public sewer line through a system of underground piping TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING 1ST SEMESTER 2024 - 2025 CE013 BUILDING SYSTEMS DESIGN MODULE 3 PLUMBING AND SANITARY SYSTEMS ENGR. CHRISTIAN Y. IBONIA, RCE Course Instructor, CE013 1ST SEMESTER 2024 - 2025