CD Midterm Exam Review ENK DMA-part 2 PDF

Crown is covered by enamel Cementoenamel junction Root is covered by cementum Crown functions in chewing and speech. Root functions in retention and force dispersion Shutterstock COLLEGE OF DENTAL MEDICINE Ridges Any linear elevation on the surface of a tooth and is named according to location...

Crown is covered by enamel Cementoenamel junction Root is covered by cementum Crown functions in chewing and speech. Root functions in retention and force dispersion Shutterstock COLLEGE OF DENTAL MEDICINE Ridges Any linear elevation on the surface of a tooth and is named according to location (buccal ridge, incisal ridge, marginal ridge) Triangular Ridge Aridge that slopes downward from a cusp tip toward the center of the occlusal surface. COLLEGE OF DENTAL MEDICINE Oblique Ridge Aridge that crosses the occlusal surface of maxillary molars at an angle/obliquely. Formed by the union of the triangular ridge of the DB cusp and the distal cusp ridge of the ML cusp. © 2022 Productivity Training Corporation. All rights reserved. COLLEGE OF DENTAL MEDICINE Transverse Ridge The union of two cusp ridges running transversely from buccal to lingual. COLLEGE OF DENTAL MEDICINE Marginal Ridges COLLEGE OF DENTAL MEDICINE Enamel is thick at the marginal ridge and loss of tooth structure in this area weakens teeth. We prep through the marginal ridge when accessing Class II decay. • Their primary purpose is to prevent lodging of food in the contact. • Failure to properly contour your marginal ridges causes failures. COLLEGE OF DENTAL MEDICINE • The crowns of the incisors and canines (anterior teeth) have four surfaces and a ridge. • The crowns of the premolars and molars have five surfaces. • Surfaces are named according to their positions and uses. Facial surface Proximal surface Lingual/palatal surface Incisal edge Shutterstock COLLEGE OF DENTAL MEDICINE Cusps An elevation on the crown that makes up a divisional portion of the occlusal surface. Each has a tip, marked in blue here. Shutterstock COLLEGE OF DENTAL MEDICINE Line angle is formed by the junction of two surfaces and it gets its name from the two surfaces it joins. COLLEGE OF DENTAL MEDICINE Life Tip: Know how to describe, identify, and label the features on a tooth! COLLEGE OF DENTAL MEDICINE Development and Eruption Session Number 2 COLLEGEOFDENTALMEDICINE COLLEGE OF DENTAL MEDICINE Overview: There are three dentitions in humans: Primary, Transitional/Mixed, and Permanent. Teeth begin developing in the jaws as early as six weeks in utero. The crowns develop first and after they are complete, eruption occurs. After eruption, the final phase of development, root completion occurs. Development occurs during three periods: • Prenatal • Perinatal • Post natal Chronologies are used to describe the timing of these events in a population. COLLEGE OF DENTAL MEDICINE Chronology of the Primary Dentition COLLEGE OF DENTAL MEDICINE Chronology-thestudywhich dealswith thetimingofvariousstagesoftooth development.Itstarts with the initiation of first tissue and ends with emergence into the oral cavity and its completion of calcification. COLLEGE OF DENTAL MEDICINE Features of the Primary Dentition Chronology • Begins forming at about 6-7 weeks in utero • Begins calcifying at about 13-14 weeks in utero • Primary dentition is completed at about 3.5 years of age • All teeth are exfoliated *Mandibular teeth tend to emerge before their maxillary counterparts COLLEGE OF DENTAL MEDICINE Pre Natal V Post Natal Pre-Natal Post-Natal • The first indications of tooth formation begin at 6-7 weeks in utero. • Eruption of the first primary teeth begin at about 6 months of age. • Calcification of primary teeth begins 13-16 weeks post fertilization. • Primary crown formation is complete by 11 months. Root formation is completed by 3.5 years. • By 18-20 weeks, all primary teeth have begun to calcify. COLLEGE OF DENTAL MEDICINE Eruption - The developmental process responsible for moving a tooth from its crypt (gross word) position through the bone into the oral cavity to its final position of occlusion with its antagonist. Emergence – the moment of appearance of any part of the cusp or crown through the gingiva. It is synonymous with the moment of eruption, which is often used as a clinical marker for eruption. COLLEGE OF DENTAL MEDICINE https://www.mouthhealthy.org/all-topics-a-z/eruptioncharts COLLEGE OF DENTAL MEDICINE 1. Central incisor- usually mandibular 1st 2. Lateral incisor 3. First molar-usually maxillary first 4.Canine 5. And second molar Clinical Pearl: Variability is common! Know common variations such as lateral before central or two groups emerging simultaneously. COLLEGE OF DENTAL MEDICINE Life Tip: Goals of chronology are to be able to say which teeth erupt in which sequence, identify the age of a patient, and to know what is coming next! COLLEGE OF DENTAL MEDICINE Chronologies of The Permanent Dentition COLLEGE OF DENTAL MEDICINE • Comprised of 32 teeth. • At birth, first molars are the only teeth which show evidence of calcification • Permanent dentition is completed at 14-16 years of age excepting third molars which are complete at 18-25 years. • First molars are generally the first to emerge followed by lower incisors. •Mandibular teeth tend to emerge before their maxillary counterparts. • Calcification of permanent teeth begins at birth • By 3 years, all but the third molars have begun to calcify. Third molars begin to calcify from 7-10 years. • Permanent crown formation takes up to 8 years except for third molars which can take up to 16. Root formation is largely complete by 16 years except third molars which can take up to 25 years to complete. COLLEGE OF DENTAL MEDICINE • Calcification of permanent teeth begins at birth • By 3 years, all but the third molars have begun to calcify. Third molars begin to calcify from 7-10 years. • Permanent crown formation takes up to 8 years except for third molars which can take up to 16. Root formation is largely complete by 16 years except third molars which can take up to 25 years to complete. COLLEGE OF DENTAL MEDICINE 1. First molar 2. Central incisor 3. Lateral incisor 4. First premolar 5. Mandibular Canine 6. Second premolar 7. Max. canines 8. Second molar Clinical Pearl: Variability is common! Know common variations such as lateral before central or two groups emerging simultaneously. COLLEGE OF DENTAL MEDICINE