Carbon & Its Compounds + Integrated PYQs (1) (1) PDF

. adhle.i @ adhle.i Carbon & it's Compounds CH 4 S Ca 10 No e + 10 Yea In eg a ed PYQ'. adhle.i @ adhle.i adhle.in. adhle.i @ adhle.i adhle.in ...

. adhle.i @ adhle.i Carbon & it's Compounds CH 4 S Ca 10 No e + 10 Yea In eg a ed PYQ'. adhle.i @ adhle.i adhle.in. adhle.i @ adhle.i adhle.in  Carton and its Compound * Pounding In Caerbon Cant bad) : * Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points and conduct electricity in solution or in the molten state. Most carbon compounds are poor conductors of electricity -. 4 Since these compounds are these largely non - conductors of electricity , we can conclude that bonding in compounds does not give rise to any ions. The atomic number carbon 6 of is -. In of carbon it has 4 electrons in its outermost shell and needs to lose 4 electrons to attain case gain - , or noble gas configuration. = If it were to gain or lose electrons → " 1) It C could gain 4 electrons forming anion. But it ( 4 extra would become difficult for the nucleus to hold 90 electrons gained) -. %) It " could lose 4 electrons forming amountcationC. But it would require large of energy to 4 electrons leaving behind - a remove carbon cation 6 a with protons in its nucleus holding on to just 2 electron. → To overcome this , Carbon shares its valence electrons ( with carbon or other elements) to attain noble gas configuration. Many other share their elements valence electrons to attain noble gas configuration -. 4 Let take us an example : Your Ashish had 2 pens → friend. You did not have You asked any pen. him for a pen he gave 9 pen to and asked to keep it you you. , This Ashish lost one but way pen you gained one pen. This is same at losing and gaining of electrons. But when talk about SHARING Ashish had 9 pen and had no pen , so Ashish you , you shamed with where he is also the pen and to when need it using giving you a pen you you. This sharing of electrons is same as. * Electrons in the outermost shell are called VALENCE ELECTRONS. The 9 atomic Hydrogen → number of is. It has 9 electron in it 's K shell ( Atomic no - 9). So , two Hydrogen atoms share their electrons to form a molecule of Hydrogen , Ha. douµec boµ Hence , attaining noble gas configuration. IT , ( via 9 electron pair share single C-) bond ) via 2 electrons pair shane E ( , ( not 3 electrons pair share £ triple C , bond ) L H E H H - H ↳ bond single Some more examples : ⑨ 02-7 * Atomic number → 8 O = O x x x x ↳ Double bond Configuration ← ' × → 2,6 o xx x x x x * Valence Electrons → 6 ② Nz - > * Atomic no. ( Nitrogen ) → 7 Configuration * → 2,5 * Valence Electrons → 5 Efttriple " IN ¥ } NI bond Allotropes of Carbon → The element carbon occurs in different forms in nature with widely varying physical properties. Buckminster Graphite Diamond Fullerene Graphite : Buckminster Fullerene CIO - : Diamond : - In diamond , each carbon In graphite each → 20C six) membered rings atom is bonded four , to carbon atom is bonded to 92 ( five) membered three other carbon atoms rings other carbon atoms forming three dimensional the rigid a in plane giving - same a hexagonal array. structure.  → Intent Answered 9 In carbon dioxide molecule the two atoms bonded either side with carbon oxygen , are on atom bonds by double. Thus there are 2 double bonds in CO2. Carbon share its two electrons in the formation of a double bond with one oxygen atom and another two electrons with another atom oxygen. In this carbon atom the electronic process both the oxygen , atoms and the acquire stable the configuration of double gas neon. The atomic number (2) of Sulphur is sixteen 2 and its electronic configuration is 2,8 6 ,. The atom has valence electrons sulphur six. The chemical formula of sulphur molecule is Soo. Each either sulphur atom is linked to similar atoms on sides by single covalent bonds and thus , completes its octet. Homologous Series - - - : Hydrogen atom or atoms on these carbon chains can be replaced by any of the functional groups. The functional group present in a carbon chain is responsible for chemical properties of the carton [email protected] So - OH , ↳ Hy OH. and CuHz0H are all very similar. the above series is a homologues series. ( Hy GH These differ by Cth unit → and ,. Cz Ho ↳ Hoo These cuz differ by unit and →. Hence , we can say that general formula for alkanes is Cn Hana. Here ' for of ' , n stands number atoms. For alkenes Cn Han for alkynes general formula Cn Han general formula is and is. - e Try using this formula how when put in ' ' , we n. we get c. Ha. When ' put 2 in get ↳ H ' we n we get ↳ H ! , when we put 3 in ' n '. we ! got E aint £ ! ethane