Carbon and its properties PDF

NaOH CH3COOC2H5 C2H5OH+CH3COONa (ii) Reaction with a base: Like mineral acids, ethanoic acid reacts with a base such as sodium hydroxide to give a salt (sodium ethanoate...

NaOH CH3COOC2H5 C2H5OH+CH3COONa (ii) Reaction with a base: Like mineral acids, ethanoic acid reacts with a base such as sodium hydroxide to give a salt (sodium ethanoate or commonly called sodium acetate) and water: NaOH + CH3COOH → CH3COONa + H2O How does ethanoic acid react with carbonates and hydrogencarbonates? Let us perform an activity to find out. Activity 4.9 n Set up the apparatus as shown in Chapter 2, Activity 2.5. n Take a spatula full of sodium carbonate in a test tube and add 2 mL of dilute ethanoic acid. n What do you observe? n Pass the gas produced through freshly prepared lime-water. What do you observe? n Can the gas produced by the reaction between ethanoic acid and sodium carbonate be identified by this test? n Repeat this Activity with sodium hydrogencarbonate instead of sodium carbonate. (iii) Reaction with carbonates and hydrogencarbonates: Ethanoic acid reacts with carbonates and hydrogencarbonates to give rise to a salt, carbon dioxide and water. The salt produced is commonly called sodium acetate. 2CH3COOH + Na2CO3 → 2CH3COONa + H2O + CO2 CH3COOH + NaHCO3 → CH3COONa + H2O + CO2 Q U E S T I O N S ? 1. How would you distinguish experimentally between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid? 2. What are oxidising agents? 4.5 SOAPS AND DETERGENTS Activity 4.10 n Take about 10 mL of water each in two test tubes. n Add a drop of oil (cooking oil) to both the test tubes and label them as A and B. n To test tube B, add a few drops of soap solution. n Now shake both the test tubes vigourously for the same period of time. n Can you see the oil and water layers separately in both the test tubes immediately after you stop shaking them? n Leave the test tubes undisturbed for some time Figure 4.12 and observe. Does the oil layer separate out? Formation of micelles In which test tube does this happen first? 74 Science 2024-25