G10 BIO LAB SCIENCE - Biochemistry Unit Study Guide PDF

G10 BIO LAB SCIENCE - BIOCHEMISTRY UNIT STUDY GUIDE Make sure to review your notes, the presentations, the quizzes, the homework sheets, and the activities we did in class. This document summarizes the most relevant concepts and skills you need to master in preparation for the unit test. If you have...

G10 BIO LAB SCIENCE - BIOCHEMISTRY UNIT STUDY GUIDE Make sure to review your notes, the presentations, the quizzes, the homework sheets, and the activities we did in class. This document summarizes the most relevant concepts and skills you need to master in preparation for the unit test. If you have questions, contact your teacher or come for Extended Learning. Water Explain the polarity of water. Explain the concept of hydrogen bonding. Explain the properties of water: cohesion, adhesion, capillary action, surface tension, universal solvent, density, high heat capacity, high heat of vaporization. Provide examples of real-life scenarios to demonstrate the properties of water. Explain the concept of buffer and the importance for living organisms. Explain the concept of pH, provide examples, and compare pH values to determine the acidity / alkalinity of solutions. Carbohydrates Distinguish between the concept of monomer and polymer. Provide specific examples of monomers and polymers of carbohydrates. Identify macromolecules based on their composition: C, H, O, N, S, P. Distinguish between hydrogen bonds and covalent bonds. Explain the process of polymerization of carbohydrates through dehydration synthesis and the formation of glycosidic bonds. Explain the process of hydrolysis in carbohydrates. Explain the functions of carbohydrates by providing specific examples. Proteins Explain the importance of the valence of carbon atoms in relation with bonding to other atoms. Identify the parts of an amino acid / protein. Explain the process of polymerization of amino acids through dehydration synthesis and the formation of peptide bonds. Explain the process of hydrolysis in proteins.  Describe the function of enzymes and their biological importance. Explain the functions of proteins by providing specific examples. Explain the importance of protein folding and its relationship with a protein biological function. Compare and contrast the four levels of protein folding, and visually identify these four levels in a protein diagram. Nucleic Acids Explain what DNA and RNA stand for. Outline the central dogma of molecular biology. Explain / identify the different parts of a nucleotide. Compare and contrast the structure, composition, and functions of DNA and RNA. List the nitrogenous bases for both DNA and RNA. Explain the process of polymerization of nucleotides through dehydration synthesis and the formation of phosphodiester bonds. Explain the process of hydrolysis in nucleic acids. Lipids Describe the composition of triglycerides. Explain the process of dehydration synthesis to create triglycerides and the formation of ester bonds. Explain the process of hydrolysis in triglycerides. Compare and contrast saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Identify saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. List the different types of lipids and explain their functions. Explain the composition of phospholipids and their role in the cell membrane.