BEGC-131 Past Paper - December 2020 - PDF

No. of Printed Pages : 8 BEGC-131 om B. A. (GENERAL) (BAG) Term-End Examination u.c December, 2020 BEGC-131 : INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIETY...

No. of Printed Pages : 8 BEGC-131 om B. A. (GENERAL) (BAG) Term-End Examination u.c December, 2020 BEGC-131 : INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIETY ur Time : 3 Hours Maximum Marks : 100 tG Note : Answer all questions in this question paper. en 1. Read the following passage and answer the questions given below : m The peaks and valleys of the Himalaya mountain ranges are some of the most ign inaccessible, remote regions in the world today– but even the most isolated valleys have been ss touched by climate change. The changes have already complicated life for the people who live UA in the region. Across the high mountain region, temperatures have risen by nearly two degrees. NO Fahrenheit since the start of the 20th century. In response, glaciers are retreating, permafrost IG is melting, and weather patterns are becoming Lot-I P. T. O.  BEGC-131 more erratic, disrupting the lives of millions om and instigating more natural disasters. For farmers growing apples or grains on steep mountain slopes, that means they have to shift u.c their farms to higher levels, to ensure the cool seasons necessary for their crops. For other, ur changing patterns of snow and rain have dried up streams and springs or increased the threat tG of disastrous floods. At the same time, many en glaciers across the region have retreated by somewhere between 20 to 47 percent since the m year 2000. Glacier and snow melt feeds into rivers, sustaining their flow. As glaciers get ign smaller, that water supply to rivers like the Indus will likely dwindle, leaving the ss communities and ecological systems that rely on that water vulnerable. Changes to the UA glaciers also has another effect : more melt means more water pools in lakes on top of the NO glaciers. But those lakes are often growing so fast and hold so much water that they can–and IG  BEGC-131 have–burst through the rock-piles holding them om back, resulting in devastating outburst floods. (A) (i) How has climate change altered the temperature in the Himalayan u.c region ? 2 (ii) Changes in temperature have affected ur the Himalayan region in many ways. Mention any two of them. 2 tG (iii) Farmers in the region have been faced to adopt new practices in response to en climate change. Explain any one such practice. 2 m (iv) Communities and ecological systems ign in the Himalayan region are likely to face problems due to retreating glaciers. Explain some of these ss problems briefly. 3 (v) What are the effects of changing UA patterns of snow and rain ? 2 (vi) How are changes in the glaciers NO responsible for flooding in the region ? 2 IG (vii) Give a suitable title of this passage. 2 P. T. O.  BEGC-131 (B) Use the following words in sentences of your own : 1×5=5 om (i) Inaccessible (ii) Dwindling u.c (iii) Disastrous (iv) Sustain (v) Devastate ur 2. Match the words in Column A with their tG meanings in Column B : 1 × 10 = 10 Column A Column B en (i) Lustrous (a) clothes m (ii) Conservative (b) that which cannot be ign overcome (iii) Eulogise (c) loud and flashy ss (iv) Proliferate (d) easily damaged or broken UA (v) Legendary (e) praise someone or something NO (vi) Insurmountable (f) at risk of being destroyed IG completely  BEGC-131 (vii) Fragile (g) famous and om renowned (viii) Flamboyant (h) not liking sudden change u.c (ix) Apparel (i) increase rapidly ur in number (x) Endangered (j) very shiny tG 3. (A) Fill in the blanks choosing the correct word en from those given below : 1 × 10 = 10 (does, have, is, are, need, particular, am, do m lose, loose) ign (i) If you are not careful, you may............ your money. ss (ii) I............ going to the cinema today. UA (iii)............ your father work in the office near your house ? NO (iv) I............ not think I can come to your house today. IG (v).......... they got a school in the village ? P. T. O.  BEGC-131 (vi) There............ many people in this om class who cannot speak English correctly. (vii) I think this............ the most u.c interesting film I have ever seen. (viii) What we............ is a sound approach ur to education ? tG (ix) My grandfather is very............ about going for his morning walk. en (x) That shirt is very............ for me. (B) (1) Complete the following sentences with m the correct form of the word in ign brackets : 1×5=5 (i) Our country.............. (be) rich in ss trees and wildlife. (ii) I.............. (buy) a new car last UA month. (iii).............. (Do) you see today’s NO newspaper ? (iv) I thoroughly.............. (enjoy) my IG visit to Kolkata last week.  BEGC-131 (v) After the test held yesterday, all the students.............. (hand) in om their answer scripts. (2) Fill in the blanks with appropriate u.c articles/prepositions as indicated : 1×5=5 ur (i) When I was a child, my grandmother would tell me tG............. story every night at bed time. (article) en (ii) She narrated............. story of the Ramayana. (article) m (iii) He met............. old friend when ign he went to Shimla last week. (article) (iv) He was born............. a small ss village in Punjab. (preposition) UA (v) The train departs............. 3 p.m. (preposition) NO 4. Write a dialogue (around 200 words) between you and a neighbour regarding plans to improve the green cover of your neighbourhood. IG 10 P. T. O.  BEGC-131 5. You and your family are planning a visit to a om hill station during the holidays. Write a letter to the manager of a hotel in that town requesting accommodation for your family. u.c Your letter should clearly state your requirements. 10 ur 6. You have been invited to deliver speech to a tG youth group in your locality. Write a speech of about 250 words on the importance of en preserving the historical monuments in the area. 15 m 7. Write an essay in about 250 words on any one ign of the following topics : 15 (a) “Caring for the elderly in India” ss (b) “Pollution in Indian cities : a serious health hazard” UA NO IG BEGC–131  BEGC-131 scientists identify areas that are home to a No. of Printed Pages : 12 BEGC-131 large number of species, especially those that are under threat of extinction or are currently B. A. GENERAL (BAG) o m being destroyed at a fast pace. These areas Term-End Examination u.c r which are particularly important for u December, 2021 G biodiversity conservation are called biodiversity BEGC-131 : INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIETY nthotspots. There are 36 biodiversity hotspots on Time : 3 Hours Maximum Marks : 100 e m our planet, and these areas are dazzling, Note :Answer all questions in this question i gn unique, and full of life. Plants, animals, and s paper. A s other living organisms that populate these U 1. Read the following passage and answer the O places are rare and many of them are only questions given below : G N found in these specific geographic areas. These I A region with a large number of species is considered to be biodiverse. In order to biodiversity hotspots are currently at risk of being destroyed. Extinction is a constant force prioritize the areas that should be protected, shaping the earth’s biodiversity. However, P. T. O.  BEGC-131 BEGC-131 today we are facing a rate of species extinction move to a more suitable habitat will likely that is faster than has ever been seen before. become extinct. When we think about the Plant and animal species in biodiversity future of biodiversity on earth, we need to hotspots are currently suffering devastating o m consider the role we play in climate change. In u.c r losses. Biodiversity hotspots now cover only order to protect our planet, we can start by 1.4% of the land on earth, when they originally G u making small changes in our daily lives. Taking covered 12% of the land. Factors, such as ntaction by recycling, picking up trash, being e m pollution, exploitation of land, invasive species, conservative with our water consumption, and deforestation, and climate change are the i gn limiting pollution by walking, biking, or taking s leading causes of habitat loss and destruction. s public transportation are ways that we can help U The fact that these factors are widespreadA the environment. N O creates challenges for the species that manage I G to survive; and with an ever-changing climate (A) (i) What do you understand by the term ‘biodiverse region’ ? 2 and unpredictable circumstances, species that (ii) What are biodiversity hotspots ? 2 cannot resist the changing environment or P. T. O.  BEGC-131 BEGC-131 (iii) According to the passage, the (vii) What changes can we make in biodiversity hotspots on earth are at our daily lives to save the risk of being destroyed. What is the environment ? 2 reasons for this ? 2 o m (viii) u.c Give a suitable title to this (iv) The passage mentions several causes u r passage. 1 of habitat loss and destruction. What are they ? 2 nt G (B) Use the following words in sentences of e m your own : 5×1=5 (v) How many biodiversity hotspots are i gn (i) Priority there on earth ? What percentage s s of the earth’s surface U A do they (ii) Conservation O cover ? 1+1 N (iii) Unique (vi) What cannot I G happens resist to the species changes that in (iv) Unpredictable (v) Devastating environment ? 2 P. T. O.  BEGC-131 BEGC-131 2. Match the words in Column A with their 3. (A) Fill in the blanks using the correct word meanings in Column B : 10×1=10 from those given below : 10×1=10 Column A Column B (lose, should, loose, needs, vocation, m (i) Biodegradable (a) Not pure o vacation, spot) (ii) Dynamic (b) Long-lasting (iii) Contaminated (c) Person with (i) u Every.c Indian................. to be responsibility for u r involved in protecting our natural protecting something nt G resources. (iv) Surpassed (d) Ancient e (ii) You will................. your money if you (v) Custodian (e) Existing naturally n m are not careful. in a place s i g (iii) He spent his............ travelling s (vi) Apparel (f) Characterised by abroad. U A activity or progress (iv) This dress does not fit you perfectly; O (vii) Primeval (g) Moving from one N area to another it is very................. around the (viii) Durable (ix) Migration I G (h) Exceeded (i) Able to decay (v) waist. She has decided to make medicine naturally her.................. (x) Indigenous (j) Clothes P. T. O.  BEGC-131 [ 10 ] BEGC-131 (vi) Kovalam is a famous tourist (3) Children below five will not be................. in Kerala. given.................. to enter the (vii) One................. not lead a sedentary hall by themselves. (permit) life. (4) o m There is no................. in the (viii) Can you................. the error in this u.c condition of the patient. diagram ? u r (improve) (ix) A teacher................. always support nt G (5) Your mistakes can be easily the weakest students in the class. e.................. if you make an effort. (x) I think he will................. this game. n m (remedy) (B) (i) Fill in the blanks with the correct form s i g (ii) Complete the following with the of the word in brackets : A s 5×1=5 appropriate articles/prepositions as (1) U Our country should increase the O indicated : 5×1=5 N.................. of foodgrains. G (1) Sri Lanka is.................. island. (2) I (produce) This island is.................. with (2) (article) Let us discuss.................. matter scenic beauty. (bless) seriously. (article) P. T. O.  [ 11 ] BEGC-131 [ 12 ] BEGC-131 (3) Which is.................. longest 6. You have been invited to make a speech to a river in India ? (article) youth group in your locality. Write out a speech in about 250 words on the topic “The (4) He was born.................. a small village in Punjab. (preposition) o m Importance of Regular Physical Exercise.” 15.c 7. Write an essay (in about 250 words) on any one u r (5) The bus departs.............. 3 P. M. u of the following topics : 15 (preposition) nt G(i) Creative hobbies for self-development 4. You have just met a friend and you start a e (ii) Inculcating proper eating habits in your discussion with him/her on your favourite n m children sporting activities. Write out a dialogue s i g between the two of you on this topic about A s 200 words. O U 10 N 5. Write a letter to a friend in the USA inviting G I him/her to spend his/her vacation in your state. Your letter should give a description of the major tourist attractions of your state. 10 BEGC–131 P. T. O.  No. of Printed Pages : 7 BEGC-131 om B.A. GENERAL (BAG) Term-End Examination.c June, 2022 u ru BEGC-131 : INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIETY tG Time : 3 hours Maximum Marks : 100 Note : Answer all questions in this questions paper. en 1. (a) Read the following passage and answer the m questions given below it : ign The river Ganga has a unique position in the cultural ethos of India. From time immemorial, the Ganga has been ss worshipped as a sacred river and even today it is regarded as the holiest of rivers UA by many Indians. Apart from its cultural significance, the river has great importance for the Indian economy. The NO densely populated Ganga basin is inhabited by 37% of India’s population. About 47% of the total irrigated area of the IG country is located in the Ganga basin. BEGC-131 1 P.T.O.  Most of the original natural vegetation has om disappeared from the Ganga basin which was once densely forested, and the land is now intensively cultivated to meet the.c needs of an ever-growing population. Wild ru animals are few, and the Ganga river dolphin once found throughout the Ganga- u Brahmaputra basin, is considered tG endangered because of encroaching human activity. Concern has grown over the en environmental impact of hydroelectric dams on the river, including habitat m destruction for wildlife, forced relocation of people living in the paths of dams and ign reservoirs and loss of agricultural land. Of greater concern, however, has been the ss degradation in the quality of the river water itself. The Ganga basin is one of the UA densely inhabited regions on Earth, with the result that the river, over much of its course, is highly polluted. The principal NO sources of pollution of the Ganga are domestic and industrial wastes. Scores of IG cities and towns dump untreated sewage BEGC-131 2  into the Ganga, and dozens of om manufacturing facilities dump industrial waste. High levels of disease-causing bacteria, as well as toxic substances such.c as chromium, cadmium, and arsenic, have ru been found in the Ganga. The first step in improving the water quality would be to u control the dumping of domestic and tG industrial waste from the numerous towns along the river’s course. en Questions : (i) Why is the river Ganga said to occupy m a unique position in the cultural ethos of India ? 2 ign (ii) According to this passage, the river Ganga is extremely important for the Indian economy. Why ? 2 ss (iii) What are the main sources of pollution of the Ganga ? 2 UA (iv) There are numerous hydroelectric dams on the river. What is the NO environmental impact of this ? 2 (v) In what way has intensive cultivation and urbanisation affected the natural IG life of the Ganga basin ? 2 BEGC-131 3 P.T.O.  (vi) What is the first step to be taken to clean up the river Ganga ? 2 om (vii) What are the major chemical pollutants found in the river ? 2 (viii) Give a suitable title to this passage. 1.c (b) Use the following words in sentences of your own : 51=5 ru (i) endangered u (ii) habitat tG (iii) degradation (iv) unique en (v) reverence 2. Match the words in Section A with their m meaning in Section B : 101=10 A B ign (a) Demographic (i) Introduce new ideas (b) Chronic (ii) Bright and impressive (c) Resplendent (iii) Referring to sound ss (d) Acoustic (iv) Most important (e) Frail (v) A pleasure trip on a ship UA (f) Proliferate (vi) Lasting a long time (g) Recurrence (vii) Increase rapidly in number NO (h) Leading (viii) Pertaining to the study of population (i) Cruise (ix) Happening again IG (j) Innovate (x) Weak and delicate BEGC-131 4  3. (a) Fill in the blanks using a word from those given below : 101=10 om [have, do, shows, does, has, vacation, lose, vocation, loose, might].c (i) __________ your mother work in this school ? ru (ii) __________ you have a pen that I can u borrow ? tG (iii) I prefer to _________ my dinner early. (iv) My watch __________ both the date en and the time. (v) __________ the chief guest arrived m already ? (vi) I went to the cinema hall and ign watched both the morning and afternoon __________. ss (vii) If you are not careful, you may ______ the documents. UA (viii) I have decided to make music my __________. NO (ix) I hope you will enjoy your __________ in Singapore. (x) __________ he take the metro to go to IG work ? BEGC-131 5 P.T.O.  (b) (i) Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word in brackets : 51=5 om I. The new international airport is under _________. (construct) II. __________ the river in a small.c boat can be dangerous during the rainy season. (Cross) ru III. Doctors were finding it difficult to cope with so many u __________ people. (injure) tG IV. Nearly 40% of the Indian population is __________ in the agricultural sector. (employ) en V. We __________ a taxi to visit the museum yesterday. (hire) m (ii) Fill in the blanks with appropriate articles/prepositions : 51=5 ign I. Kalidasa was _______ greatest poet of his time. (Article) II. __________ Rocky Mountains ss are in North America. (Article) III. You will need __________ UA umbrella in the rainy season. (Article) IV. The steam engine was NO invented __________ James Watt. (Preposition) V. He was born __________ a small village in Punjab. IG (Preposition) BEGC-131 6  4. Your friend and you are planning to go on a om short trip to Kashmir during the vacation. Write out a dialogue in about 200 words where you discuss travel plans, arrangement of accommodation and other details with him/her. 10.c ru 5. Write a letter to the secretary of your residential association requesting him/her to improve sports u facilities in your locality. 10 tG 6. You have been invited to deliver a speech to a local youth group on the occasion of Earth Day. en Write out a speech in about 250 words on the topic : ‘‘The Importance of Water Conservation’’. 15 m 7. Write an essay in about 250 words on any one of ign the following topics : 15 (a) Coping with Air Pollution in Indian Cities (b) Classical Dance Forms of India ss UA NO IG BEGC-131 7 P.T.O.  No. of Printed Pages : 11 BEGC-131 om u.c B. A. (GENERAL) (BAG) Term-End Examination ur December, 2022 tG BEGC-131 : INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIETY en Time : 3 Hours Maximum Marks : 100 m Note : All questions are compulsory. ign 1. Read the following passage and answer the ss questions given below : UA Ashoka, was the last major emperor of the Mauryan dynasty of India. Following his NO successful but bloody conquest of the Kalinga IG country on the east coast, Ashoka renounced P. T. O.  BEGC-131 armed conquest and adopted a policy that he om called ‘conquest by dharma’ (i.e., by principles of right conduct). In order to gain wide publicity u.c for his teachings and his work, Ashoka made them known by means of oral announcements ur and by engravings on rocks and pillars at tG suitable sites. These inscriptions—the rock en edicts and pillar edicts (e.g., the lion capital of the pillar found at Sarnath, which has become m India’s national emblem), contain statements ign regarding his thoughts and actions and provide information on his life and acts. ss According to his own accounts, Ashoka UA conquered the Kalinga country in the eighth NO year of his reign. The sufferings that the war inflicted on the defeated people moved him to IG such remorse that he renounced armed  BEGC-131 conquests. It was at this time that he came in om touch with Buddhism and adopted it. Under its influence and prompted by his own u.c temperament, he resolved to live according to, and preach, dharma and to serve his subjects ur and all humanity. tG Ashoka repeatedly declared that he understood en dharma to be the energetic practice of the socio- moral virtues of honesty, truthfulness, m compassion, mercifulness, benevolence, non- ign violence, considerate behaviour toward all, non- extravagance, non-acquisitiveness, and non- ss injury to animals. Toward all religious sects he UA adopted a policy of respect and guaranteed NO them full freedom to live according to their own principles. Moreover, he exhorted them to IG respect the creeds of others, praise the good P. T. O.  BEGC-131 points of others, and refrain from vehement om adverse criticism of the viewpoints of others. To practise dharma actively, Ashoka went out u.c on periodic tours preaching dharma to the rural people and relieving their sufferings. He ur ordered his high officials to do the same, in tG addition to attending to their normal duties; he en exhorted administrative officers to be constantly aware of the joys and sorrows of the m common folk and to be prompt and impartial in ign dispensing justice. A special class of high officers, designated ‘dharma ministers’, was ss appointed to foster dharma work by the public, UA relieve suffering wherever found, and look to NO the special needs of women, and of people inhabiting outlying regions. Among his works of IG public utility were the founding of hospitals for  BEGC-131 people and animals, the planting of roadside om trees and groves, the digging of wells, and the construction of watering sheds and rest houses. u.c Orders were also issued for preventing cruelty to animals. ur (A) (i) What was the experience that prompted tG Ashoka to renounce en armed conquests ? 2 m (ii) What policy did Ashoka adopt after renouncing armed conquest ? 2 ign (iii) How did Ashoka publicize his ss thoughts and his message ? 2 UA (iv) What was Ashoka’s understanding of ‘dharma’ ? 2 NO (v) What was Ashoka’s attitude IG towards other religious sects ? 2 P. T. O.  BEGC-131 (vi) What was the duty assigned to om ‘dharma ministers’ ? 2 (vii) What were the works of public u.c utility taken up by Ashoka ? 2 (viii)Give a suitable title to this ur passage. 1 tG (B) Use the following words in sentences of your own : 1×5=5 en (i) resolved m (ii) benevolence ign (iii) adverse (iv) periodic ss (v) refrain UA 2. Match the words/phrases in Column A with their meanings in Column B : 1 × 10 = 10 NO Column A Column B (i) Cynosure of (a) famous and IG all eyes renowned  BEGC-131 (ii) Conservative (b) huge om (iii) Troupe (c) impressive (iv) Striking (d) orthodox u.c (v) Eulogise (e) something that ur strongly attracts tG attention (vi) Primeval (f) a group of actors en working together m (vii) Satire (g) Praise highly ign (viii) Legendary (h) Ancient ss (ix) Durable (i) a literary work which shows the UA foolishness of some practice in NO an amusing way IG (x) Voluminous (j) Long lasting P. T. O.  BEGC-131 3. (A) Fill in the blanks/rewrite as directed : om 1 × 15 = 15 (i) There............... hundred students in the class. u.c (Use the correct form of ‘be’) (ii) A dozen people................. injured in ur yesterday’s accident. tG (Use the correct form of ‘be’) (iii)................. your father live in Delhi ? en (Complete using either ‘Do’ or ‘Does’) (iv)............... the chief guest arrived m already ? ign (Complete using ‘Have’ or ‘Has’) (v) What we.............. is an intelligent ss approach to the issue. (Complete using ‘need’ or ‘needs’) UA (vi) Even the poorest child has the right to.......... (Correct form of ‘educate’). NO (vii) You may................ the game if you do not make an effort to play well. IG (Use ‘lose’ or ‘loose’)  BEGC-131 (viii) History.................. us that this was om once the royal palace of a great king. (Use the correct form of ‘tell’) (ix) Yesterday, we................. the ferry u.c from the mainland to the island. (Complete using the correct ur form of ‘take’) tG (x) If I were the Health Minister, I.............. spend more money on en building hospitals. (Use the correct word to form a conditional sentence) m (xi) The teacher encourages students ign............... are hardworking and sincere. (Complete using who, which or that) ss (xii) You must stop smoking. You will feel UA better. (Rewrite as a conditional sentence) NO (xiii) Beautiful dances were performed by the artists during the festival. IG (Rewrite, changing into active voice) P. T. O.  [ 10 ] BEGC-131 (xiv) The Director called off the meeting. om (Rewrite, changing into passive voice) (xv)............... Himalayas are the highest mountains in Asia. u.c (Complete using the correct article) ur 4. Your friends and you are discussing your favourite hobbies. Write out a dialogue between tG the two of you in about 250 words where each of you says what makes you interested in these en hobbies. 15 m 5. You have just returned from a vacation in your favourite tourist destination. Write a letter to ign your friend, describing your vacation. 10 6. You have been invited to make a speech on the ss topic : 15 UA College Students in the Community Your speech should be written in around NO 250 words and should encourage college students to take up social service work in the IG community.  [ 11 ] BEGC-131 7. Write an essay (in about 250 words) on the om following topics : 15 “Providing improved health care facilities u.c to all Indians. How can we meet this challenge.” ur tG en m ign ss UA NO BEGC–131 IG P. T. O.  No. of Printed Pages : 10 BEGC-131 om u.c B. A. (GENERAL) (BAG) Term-End Examination ur June, 2023 tG BEGC-131 : INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIETY Time : 3 Hours Maximum Marks : 100 en Note : All questions are compulsory. m ign 1. Read the following passage and answer the questions given below : ss The Himalayas are the source of three major UA Indian rivers namely the Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra. Flowing for about 2,525 kilometres (km), the Ganga is the longest river NO in India. The Ganga basin constitutes 26 per cent of the country‟s land mass and supports 43 IG per cent of India‟s population. The Ganga flows P. T. O.  BEGC-131 from the Himalayas all the way to the Bay of om Bengal, through some of Asia‟s most densely- populated regions. Its river basin is more than 1 million sq. km, and home to over 650 million u.c people. The Ganga has the most populated river basin in the world. ur The Ganga river faces a lot of serious tG challenges, mainly because of the fast growth of cities, agriculture and industries in recent en decades. Too much water is being removed for farming and other uses, barrages and dams m disrupt the Ganga‟s natural flow, and pollution ign from homes and industries have badly contaminated what‟s left of this once mighty, free-flowing river. Hundreds of millions of ss people and a huge range of wildlife rely on the UA river Ganga. But pollution, dams and removal of too much water (mostly for agriculture) have affected the flow and health of this vital river. NO One of the river‟s most at-risk animals is the Ganga river Dolphin. There used to be tens of IG thousands of them, but now only around  BEGC-131 1,200-1,800 are left in the river. Biggest threats om to them include fishing (they‟re targetted for their oily blubber), as well as toxic pollution, dams and barrages in the river. u.c Environmental activists are now working to encourage more sustainable water use and ur helping build community awareness and action tG to protect the river Ganga. River wildlife— including dolphins, gharials and turtles— en urgently need clean and free-flowing water as well as safe protected areas away from threats m on the Ganga, and environmentalists are researching the best options to help them ign thrive. Environmentalists are working with the ss Government of India as much as possible for UA sustainable impacts, supporting policy implementation and development, and to find new ways of sustainable water management; NO species monitoring and protection, and climate change adaptation. The government of India IG has set up an empowered body as part of the P. T. O.  BEGC-131 National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) om under the Union Ministry of Jal Shakti. The NMCG has stated its vision in terms of four restoration pillars, namely Aviral Dhara u.c (continuous flow), Nirmal Dhara (unpolluted flow), Geologic Entity (protection of geological ur features) and Ecological Entity (protection of aquatic biodiversity). It is clear that the Ganga tG cannot be restored by only pollution-abatement en measures. Many of the strtegies need to seriously integrate long-term ecological and m sustainability goals, and cannot simply be a short-term move. ign (A) (i) The river Ganga is worshipped as a sacred river in India. It is also ss extremely important for the Indian economy. Why ? 2 UA (ii) What are the serious challenges faced by the Ganga in recent decades ? 2 NO (iii) What are the factors that have affected the flow of this great river ? IG 2  BEGC-131 (iv) Which animal is mentioned as being om one of Ganga rivers most at-risk animals ? 2 u.c (v) What are the greatest threats faced by this animal ? 2 ur (vi) What actions are being taken up by environmental activists to protect the tG river Ganga ? 2 en (vii) What are the four „restoration pillars‟ envisaged the National Mission for m Clean Ganga ? 2 ign (viii) Give a suitable title to this passage. 1 (B) Use the following words/phrases in ss sentences of your own : 1×5=5 UA (i) disrupt (ii) contaminate NO (iii) implementation (iv) restoration IG (v) integrate P. T. O.  BEGC-131 2. Match the words/phrases in Column A with om their meanings in Column B : 1 × 10 = 10 Column A Column B u.c (i) A Lion‟s Referring to share sound ur (ii) Hike Spreading from tG one person to another en (iii) Acoustically Making amends for a wrong action m (iv) Atonement Along walk, ign usually in the countryside ss (v) Recuperative Pertaining to the UA study of population NO (vi) Contagious Helping you to regain health IG after illness  BEGC-131 (vii) Demographic A large portion of om something (viii) Proliferate Bright, colourful and impressive u.c (ix) Tedious Increase rapidly in number ur (x) Resplendent Boring and Tiring tG 3. (A) Fill in the blanks/Rewrite as directed : en 1 × 15 = 15 (i) A new medical discovery has been m................... in this week‟s „Science‟ Journal. ign (Use the correct form of report) (ii) It is important to preserve the ss valuable cultural traditions UA.................. down to us by our ancestors. (Correct form of „hand‟) NO (iii)................ he come to the University by the metro train ? IG (Use „do‟ or „does‟) P. T. O.  BEGC-131 (iv) The teacher................ advised me to om read that book. (Use „have‟ or „has‟) (v) The date in my new watch................. u.c automatically if I cross the International Data Line. ur (Use correct form of „change‟) (vi) Everyone............... to be involved in tG finding ways en to protect India‟s natural resources. (Use „have‟ or „has‟) m (vii) You will............... your money if you ign do not keep it in your purse. (Use „lose‟ or „loose‟) ss (viii) Yesterday me............... the bus from UA Chennai to Bangalore. (Correct form of „take‟) NO (ix) If I............... this job offer down, I would have regretted it all my life. IG (Correct form of the verb „turn‟)  BEGC-131 (x) If we............... early, we would have om reached by now. (Correct form of the verb „leave‟) (xi) The teacher will understand. You u.c must explain the situation to him. (Rewrite as one conditional sentence) ur (xii) Hymns are sung every evening, by tG the monks in the monastery. (Change into active voice) en (xiii) The greatest artist of the nineteenth century had painted this portrait. m (Change into passive voice) ign (xiv).................. Rhine is the longest river in Germany. (Use the correct article) (xv) You should take............... umbrella ss with you, as it might start raining. UA (Use the correct article) 4. Two friends have decided to spend their NO vacation together. Write out a dialogue (in about 250 words) where they discuss the places they would like to visit and other plans for the IG holiday. 15 P. T. O.  [ 10 ] BEGC-131 5. Write a letter to a friend in a neighbouring om state inviting him/her to visit a historical monument near your town/village. Your letter should highlight the historical significance of u.c the monument. 10 6. You have been invited to make a speech to a ur group of school students on the topic : „Career tG options available for students in India today.‟ Write out the speech in around 250 words. 15 en 7. Write an essay (in about 250 words) on the following topics : 15 m “India‟s role in the 21st Century World.” ign ss UA NO IG BEGC–131 26,870