Bacteria and Archaea (10 Questions) PDF

Bacteria and Archaea (10 Questions) 1. Which structure is found in both bacteria and archaea? ○ A) Nucleus ○ B) Mitochondria ○ C) Peptidoglycan cell wall ○ D) Plasma membrane 2. Which of the following is unique to archaea? ○ A) Circular DNA...

Bacteria and Archaea (10 Questions) 1. Which structure is found in both bacteria and archaea? ○ A) Nucleus ○ B) Mitochondria ○ C) Peptidoglycan cell wall ○ D) Plasma membrane 2. Which of the following is unique to archaea? ○ A) Circular DNA ○ B) Ether-linked membrane lipids ○ C) Peptidoglycan in the cell wall ○ D) Ribosomes for protein synthesis 3. What process do bacteria use to reproduce? ○ A) Binary fission ○ B) Mitosis ○ C) Meiosis ○ D) Budding 4. Which of the following bacteria has a spherical shape? ○ A) Bacillus ○ B) Spirillum ○ C) Vibrio ○ D) Coccus 5. What is the main function of endospores in bacteria? ○ A) Photosynthesis ○ B) Nutrient absorption ○ C) Survival in harsh conditions ○ D) Sexual reproduction 6. Which group of bacteria is known for performing nitrogen fixation? ○ A) Cyanobacteria ○ B) Rhizobium ○ C) Escherichia coli ○ D) Staphylococcus 7. Methanogens are a type of archaea known for producing: ○ A) Oxygen ○ B) Nitrogen gas ○ C) Methane ○ D) Carbon dioxide 8. Which bacteria are responsible for causing Lyme disease? ○ A) Bacillus anthracis ○ B) Vibrio cholerae ○ C) Borrelia burgdorferi ○ D) Escherichia coli 9. Which of the following bacteria are classified as Gram-negative? ○ A) Staphylococcus aureus  ○ B) Escherichia coli ○ C) Bacillus anthracis ○ D) Streptococcus pneumoniae 10. Archaea are found in extreme environments such as: ○ A) Deep-sea hydrothermal vents ○ B) Human intestines ○ C) Soil ○ D) Freshwater lakes Protista (10 Questions) 11. What is a defining characteristic of protists? ○ A) They are all multicellular ○ B) They have a true nucleus ○ C) They are all autotrophic ○ D) They have a cell wall made of chitin 12. Which of the following is an example of a plant-like protist? ○ A) Amoeba ○ B) Paramecium ○ C) Euglena ○ D) Plasmodium 13. Which protist causes malaria? ○ A) Giardia ○ B) Plasmodium ○ C) Trypanosoma ○ D) Toxoplasma 14. Which protist moves using pseudopodia? ○ A) Euglena ○ B) Amoeba ○ C) Paramecium ○ D) Volvox 15. Slime molds are classified as: ○ A) Animal-like protists ○ B) Plant-like protists ○ C) Fungus-like protists ○ D) Bacteria 16. What is the primary mode of nutrition in animal-like protists? ○ A) Photosynthesis ○ B) Chemosynthesis ○ C) Absorption ○ D) Ingestion of other organisms 17. Which of the following describes a protist with a flagellum? ○ A) Amoeba ○ B) Euglena ○ C) Paramecium  ○ D) Plasmodium 18. Diatoms are best known for having: ○ A) Silica-based cell walls ○ B) Chlorophyll for photosynthesis ○ C) Pseudopodia for movement ○ D) Cilia for swimming 19. Which protist causes African sleeping sickness? ○ A) Plasmodium ○ B) Giardia ○ C) Trypanosoma ○ D) Paramecium 20. Which protist group is responsible for red tides? ○ A) Diatoms ○ B) Dinoflagellates ○ C) Brown algae ○ D) Slime molds Plants (10 Questions) 21. Which of the following is a characteristic of all plants? ○ A) Autotrophic nutrition ○ B) Motility ○ C) Heterotrophic nutrition ○ D) No chlorophyll 22. What do vascular plants have that non-vascular plants lack? ○ A) Seeds ○ B) Flowers ○ C) Xylem and phloem ○ D) Spores 23. Which part of the plant is primarily responsible for photosynthesis? ○ A) Roots ○ B) Stem ○ C) Leaves ○ D) Flowers 24. What is the main function of xylem in plants? ○ A) Transport nutrients ○ B) Transport water ○ C) Store food ○ D) Reproduce 25. Which of the following plants produces seeds but no flowers? ○ A) Ferns ○ B) Gymnosperms ○ C) Mosses ○ D) Angiosperms 26. Which plant group has a dominant gametophyte generation?  ○ A) Ferns ○ B) Gymnosperms ○ C) Mosses ○ D) Angiosperms 27. In which plant organ does transpiration primarily occur? ○ A) Roots ○ B) Stem ○ C) Leaves ○ D) Flowers 28. What is the male reproductive organ in flowering plants called? ○ A) Ovary ○ B) Stigma ○ C) Stamen ○ D) Style 29. Which of the following structures contains the female gametophyte in angiosperms? ○ A) Ovule ○ B) Anther ○ C) Pollen ○ D) Petal 30. Which of the following is a non-vascular plant? ○ A) Fern ○ B) Moss ○ C) Pine tree ○ D) Oak tree Fungi (5 Questions) 31. Fungi obtain their nutrition by: ○ A) Photosynthesis ○ B) Absorbing nutrients from organic material ○ C) Engulfing other organisms ○ D) Producing their own food 32. Which of the following is a characteristic of fungi? ○ A) They are autotrophic ○ B) They have cell walls made of chitin ○ C) They reproduce only sexually ○ D) They are prokaryotic 33. Which fungus is responsible for bread rising? ○ A) Mushroom ○ B) Mold ○ C) Yeast ○ D) Lichen 34. A symbiotic relationship between a fungus and a photosynthetic organism is called: ○ A) Mycorrhizae ○ B) Lichen  ○ C) Mold ○ D) Yeast 35. Which of the following is a reproductive structure in fungi? ○ A) Spore ○ B) Rhizoid ○ C) Mycelium ○ D) Lichen Animals and the 9 Phyla (20 Questions) 36. Which of the following is not a characteristic of animals? ○ A) Multicellularity ○ B) Autotrophy ○ C) Heterotrophy ○ D) No cell walls 37. Which phylum includes animals with radial symmetry and stinging cells? ○ A) Cnidaria ○ B) Porifera ○ C) Arthropoda ○ D) Mollusca 38. What is the defining characteristic of phylum Platyhelminthes? ○ A) Segmented bodies ○ B) Flat, unsegmented bodies ○ C) Jointed appendages ○ D) Radial symmetry 39. Which phylum includes earthworms? ○ A) Nematoda ○ B) Annelida ○ C) Arthropoda ○ D) Echinodermata 40. In which phylum are animals with jointed appendages found? ○ A) Cnidaria ○ B) Annelida ○ C) Arthropoda ○ D) Mollusca 41. What is the function of the water vascular system in echinoderms? ○ A) Circulation ○ B) Reproduction ○ C) Locomotion and feeding ○ D) Respiration 42. Which of the following animals is a mollusk? ○ A) Spider ○ B) Squid ○ C) Earthworm ○ D) Starfish 43. Which phylum includes animals with a notochord at some stage of development? ○ A) Echinodermata ○ B) Arthropoda ○ C) Mollusca ○ D) Chordata 44. Which phylum includes organisms with spiny skin? ○ A) Annelida ○ B) Arthropoda ○ C) Echinodermata ○ D) Mollusca 45. Which of the following is not a vertebrate class within the phylum Chordata? ○ A) Amphibia ○ B) Reptilia ○ C) Mollusca ○ D) Mammalia 46. Which phylum contains jellyfish? ○ A) Cnidaria ○ B) Porifera ○ C) Nematoda ○ D) Annelida 47. Which of the following animals belongs to the phylum Arthropoda? ○ A) Snail ○ B) Lobster ○ C) Sea urchin ○ D) Earthworm 48. Which phylum includes animals with an exoskeleton and segmented body? ○ A) Mollusca ○ B) Annelida ○ C) Arthropoda ○ D) Chordata 49. Sponges are classified in which phylum? ○ A) Porifera ○ B) Cnidaria ○ C) Mollusca ○ D) Echinodermata 50. Which of the following animals is a member of phylum Annelida? ○ A) Octopus ○ B) Planarian ○ C) Earthworm ○ D) Coral 51. Which of the following animals belongs to phylum Platyhelminthes? ○ A) Roundworm ○ B) Earthworm ○ C) Planarian  ○ D) Starfish 52. Sea stars belong to which phylum? ○ A) Echinodermata ○ B) Arthropoda ○ C) Annelida ○ D) Mollusca 53. Which of the following is a characteristic of the phylum Chordata? ○ A) Jointed appendages ○ B) Exoskeleton ○ C) Notochord ○ D) Radial symmetry 54. Which phylum includes tapeworms? ○ A) Porifera ○ B) Platyhelminthes ○ C) Nematoda ○ D) Annelida 55. Which of the following organisms uses cilia for movement? ○ A) Paramecium ○ B) Euglena ○ C) Amoeba ○ D) Trypanosoma Answer Key with Rationales 1. D (Plasma membranes are found in both bacteria and archaea.) 2. B (Ether-linked lipids are a defining feature of archaea.) 3. A (Bacteria reproduce by binary fission.) 4. D (Coccus is a spherical shape.) 5. C (Endospores help bacteria survive extreme conditions.) 6. B (Rhizobium fixes nitrogen in plants.) 7. C (Methanogens produce methane.) 8. C (Borrelia burgdorferi causes Lyme disease.) 9. B (E. coli is Gram-negative.) 10. A (Archaea are found in extreme environments like hydrothermal vents.) 11. B (Protists are eukaryotic, meaning they have a true nucleus.) 12. C (Euglena can perform photosynthesis like plants.) 13. B (Plasmodium causes malaria.) 14. B (Amoeba moves using pseudopodia.) 15. C (Slime molds are fungus-like protists.) 16. D (Animal-like protists ingest other organisms.) 17. B (Euglena has a flagellum.) 18. A (Diatoms have silica-based cell walls.) 19. C (Trypanosoma causes African sleeping sickness.) 20. B (Dinoflagellates cause red tides.) 21. A (Plants are autotrophs and make their own food.) 22. C (Vascular plants have xylem and phloem.) 23. C (Leaves are the main site of photosynthesis.) 24. B (Xylem transports water.) 25. B (Gymnosperms produce seeds but not flowers.) 26. C (Mosses have a dominant gametophyte generation.) 27. C (Transpiration occurs in leaves.) 28. C (The stamen is the male reproductive organ.) 29. A (The ovule contains the female gametophyte.) 30. B (Moss is a non-vascular plant.) 31. B (Fungi absorb nutrients from organic matter.) 32. B (Fungi have cell walls made of chitin.) 33. C (Yeast is responsible for bread rising.) 34. B (Lichen is a symbiosis between fungi and photosynthetic organisms.) 35. A (Spores are reproductive structures in fungi.) 36. B (Animals are heterotrophic, not autotrophic.) 37. A (Cnidaria includes animals like jellyfish with stinging cells.) 38. B (Platyhelminthes are flatworms with unsegmented bodies.) 39. B (Annelida includes segmented worms like earthworms.) 40. C (Arthropods have jointed appendages.) 41. C (Echinoderms use their water vascular system for locomotion and feeding.) 42. B (Squid is a mollusk.) 43. D (Chordates have a notochord at some stage.) 44. C (Echinoderms have spiny skin.) 45. C (Mollusca is not a vertebrate class.) 46. A (Jellyfish belong to Cnidaria.) 47. B (Lobster is an arthropod.) 48. C (Arthropods have an exoskeleton and segmented body.) 49. A (Sponges belong to Porifera.) 50. C (Earthworms belong to Annelida.) 51. C (Planarians are flatworms in Platyhelminthes.) 52. A (Sea stars belong to Echinodermata.) 53. C (Chordates have a notochord.) 54. B (Tapeworms are flatworms in Platyhelminthes.) 55. A (Paramecium uses cilia for movement.)