Assessment of the Testicle PDF

Assessment of the Testicles NURS 1090 Normal Anatomy Male Genitalia Nursing History Review urinary elimination patterns Any recent changes Bladder control History of urinary incontinence, frequency, urgency Any penile pain, swelling, genital lesions, or...

Assessment of the Testicles NURS 1090 Normal Anatomy Male Genitalia Nursing History Review urinary elimination patterns Any recent changes Bladder control History of urinary incontinence, frequency, urgency Any penile pain, swelling, genital lesions, or urethral discharge Any heaviness or painless enlargement of testis or irregular lumps  Risk Factors for Developing Testicular Cancer (American Cancer Society www.cancer.org) Having cryptorchidism (an undescended testicle). Being causcasian Having a personal or family history of testicular cancer. HIV infection Having Klinefelter syndrome (a genetic disorder). Having testicular carcinoma in situ (abnormal cells that are not yet cancer). Having testicular cancer in the other testicle Patient age: most common in ages 20 and 34. Physical Exam- Inspection Room needs to be warm; provide for privacy Apply non-sterile gloves Use a calm, gentle approach to lessen patient’s anxiety  Inspection Inspect scrotum: Should hang freely from perineum Contains testes May be covered with hair Color - slightly darker in color than rest of skin skin - loose, thin, rugated Skin surface - free of lesions or nodules, inflammation or swelling  Palpation of Testes Palpate testes simultaneously or individually Use index & middle fingers posteriorly & thumb anteriorly Roll gently between the fingers & thumb Normally sensitive to palpation; slightly tender Shape – ovoid (oval) Size - approximately 2 cm – 4 cm symmetrical or one maybe slightly larger than other **Performed by advanced practitioner** Palpation of Testes Global library of women’s medicine, 2015  Normal Findings: Testes Texture: smooth, firm, slightly tender sensitive to pressure Presence of masses – none Internal structures that can be palpated Epididymis - palpated at superior, posterior aspect of each testicle small, crescent-shaped structure Spermatic Cord - palpated superior & lateral feels ropelike, vertical Abnormal Findings Findings that might indicate cancer Painless enlargement of one testis Palpable, small, hard lump Usually pea-sized Testicular Self Exam (TSE) Monthly self exam is important, especially if the patient has risk factors As with many cancers, early detection and treatment is important for the best chance of survival Nurses in certain settings may teach TSE Should be taught to males age 15 years and older Testicular Self Exam  Normal Findings: Older Adult Penile and scrotal atrophy Testiculartissue mass decreases Decreased blood circulation to penis and scrotum Prostrate gland enlargement Pubic hair decreases in amount and becomes gray