1090 Practice Questions for Week 11 PDF

Practice Questions for Breast/Testicle Assessment, and Heat/Cold Therapy: **Heat and Cold Therapy:** **1. A nurse is providing care for a patient with a sprained ankle. The patient asks why cold therapy is being applied instead of heat. Which response by the nurse is correct?** - **A. \"Cold th...

Practice Questions for Breast/Testicle Assessment, and Heat/Cold Therapy: **Heat and Cold Therapy:** **1. A nurse is providing care for a patient with a sprained ankle. The patient asks why cold therapy is being applied instead of heat. Which response by the nurse is correct?** - **A. \"Cold therapy decreases blood flow to reduce inflammation and swelling, which helps with pain management.\"** - B. \"Cold therapy increases blood flow to the area, which promotes healing of the injured tissue.\" - C. \"Cold therapy enhances muscle contractility, improving movement and flexibility.\" - D. \"Cold therapy prevents blood pressure from rising, ensuring you don't experience dizziness.\" **Answer:** A\ **Rationale:** Cold therapy promotes vasoconstriction, reducing blood flow, inflammation, and swelling, providing a local anesthetic effect which helps manage pain. Heat would increase blood flow and potentially worsen inflammation​(Heat and cold therapy). **2. During a heat therapy session, a patient reports dizziness and feeling lightheaded. Which action should the nurse take first?** - A. Place the patient in a sitting position and provide cold water. - **B. Remove the heat source immediately and monitor the patient's vital signs.** - C. Instruct the patient to take slow, deep breaths. - D. Increase the temperature of the heat source to maintain blood flow. **Answer:** B\ **Rationale:** Systemic effects of heat therapy can cause excessive peripheral vasodilation, leading to a drop in blood pressure and symptoms such as dizziness. Removing the heat source and assessing the patient is the priority to prevent further hypotension​(Heat and cold therapy). **3. A nurse is caring for a patient with an order for moist heat therapy using a warm compress for a wrist injury. Which of the following should the nurse include in the plan of care?** - A. Apply the compress for 60 minutes, checking the temperature every 30 minutes. - B. Place the compress at a temperature of 50°C to ensure maximum heat transfer. - **C. Check the patient\'s skin before application and reassess the area every 5-10 minutes.** - D. Instruct the patient to remove the compress if they feel a stinging sensation. **Answer:** C\ **Rationale:** Monitoring skin integrity before, during, and after therapy helps prevent burns or adverse reactions. Reassessment every 5-10 minutes is critical for safety. The other options involve incorrect temperature or time​(Heat and cold therapy). **4. A patient receiving cold therapy reports numbness in the treated area. What is the nurse\'s best response?** - A. Continue the therapy, as numbness is an expected outcome of cold therapy. - **B. Remove the cold source immediately, as numbness indicates excessive exposure.** - C. Apply additional ice packs to ensure adequate temperature control. - D. Increase the duration of cold therapy to maximize the anesthetic effect. **Answer:** B\ **Rationale:** The patient should experience cold, stinging, and burning sensations before numbness. Numbness indicates that the therapy should be discontinued to prevent tissue damage from prolonged exposure​(Heat and cold therapy). **5. A nurse is preparing a sitz bath for a postpartum patient with perineal discomfort. What is the correct temperature range for the water to ensure therapeutic effectiveness?** - A. 35-37°C (95-98.6°F) - **B. 40-42°C (104-107.6°F)** - C. 45-47°C (113-116.6°F) - D. 50-52°C (122-125.6°F) **Answer:** B\ **Rationale:** The appropriate temperature for a sitz bath to promote comfort and healing in the perineal area is 40-42°C. This temperature range helps avoid tissue injury and provides effective relief​(Heat and cold therapy). **Assessment of Breasts:** **1. A 45-year-old female presents to the clinic with a complaint of a lump in her left breast. During the nursing assessment, which area of the breast should the nurse focus on, given the common sites for breast lumps?** - A. Lower inner quadrant and axillary tail - **B. Upper outer quadrant and the Tail of Spence** - C. Lower outer quadrant and inframammary ridge - D. Upper inner quadrant and nipple area **Answer:** B\ **Rationale:** The upper outer quadrant and the Tail of Spence are common areas where breast lumps may appear, and this area should be given special attention during palpation​(Assessment of the Breas...). **2. During a breast examination, a nurse observes that the patient's right nipple has recently become inverted, which is a new finding for the patient. What is the priority nursing action?** - A. Document the finding as a normal age-related change. - B. Compress the nipple to check for any discharge. - C. Educate the patient on self-exam techniques to monitor for changes. - **D. Notify the healthcare provider for further evaluation.** **Answer:** D\ **Rationale:** Recent nipple inversion can be a sign of a malignancy. The nurse should prioritize notifying the healthcare provider for further evaluation rather than considering it a normal finding​(Assessment of the Breas...). **3. While performing a breast assessment on an older adult female, the nurse notes several changes. Which of the following findings are typical age-related changes in the breast tissue? Select all that apply.** - **A. Glandular tissue atrophy** - B. Increased firmness and elasticity - C. Skin wrinkling and flabbiness - D. Larger, more prominent nipples - E. Inverted nipples with a loss of erectile ability **Answer:** A, C, E\ **Rationale:** Age-related changes include atrophy of glandular tissue, skin wrinkling, flabbiness, and nipple inversion with a loss of erectile ability. Breasts become softer and more pendulous as well​(Assessment of the Breas...). **4. During a clinical breast exam, a nurse palpates a lump in the patient's breast. Which characteristics of the lump should the nurse document?** - **A. Size, shape, consistency, and skin over the lump** - B. Size, patient pain level, discharge, and skin color - C. Temperature, shape, nipple discharge, and tenderness - D. Temperature, pain, skin color, and lymph node involvement **Answer:** A\ **Rationale:** When documenting a breast lump, the nurse should note the size, shape, consistency, mobility, skin over the lump, nipple appearance, and tenderness to provide a comprehensive description​(Assessment of the Breas...). **5. A nurse is instructing a postmenopausal woman on the timing of her monthly breast self-examinations. What should the nurse advise?** - A. \"Perform the self-exam on the first day of each month.\" - **B. \"Conduct the self-exam on the same day each month to help remember.\"** - C. \"Perform the self-exam at different times each month to avoid routine.\" - D. \"Breast self-exams are no longer recommended and do not need to be performed.\" **Answer:** B\ **Rationale:** For postmenopausal women, performing a breast self-exam on the same day each month is recommended to establish a routine and enhance compliance​(Assessment of the Breas...). **6. A nurse is assessing a male patient with a family history of breast cancer. What should the nurse include in the assessment of the male breast?** - A. Inspection for lumps only, as males rarely develop breast cancer - **B. Inspection for gynecomastia and palpation of breast tissue for masses** - C. Avoiding nipple inspection as males do not produce discharge - D. Documentation of the breast shape and size only **Answer:** B\ **Rationale:** Male patients, especially those with a family history, should be assessed for any masses, changes in breast size, symmetry, gynecomastia, and abnormalities in the nipple area​(Assessment of the Breas...). **Testicular Assessment:** **1. A 25-year-old male patient is being seen for a routine physical exam. The nurse teaches him about the importance of performing monthly testicular self-exams. Which of the following findings, if reported by the patient, would warrant further evaluation?** - **A. A painless, pea-sized lump in one testicle.** - B. A slight increase in size of both testicles over time. - C. Sensitivity to pressure during self-exam. - D. A ropelike structure on the superior and lateral aspect of each testicle. **Answer:** A\ **Rationale:** A painless, small, hard lump in one testicle can be an early sign of testicular cancer and requires further evaluation. Sensitivity to pressure and the presence of the ropelike spermatic cord are normal findings​(Assessment of the Testi...). **2. During the assessment of a male patient\'s genitals, the nurse observes that the scrotum is slightly darker in color than the rest of the skin and has a loose, rugated appearance. Which action should the nurse take next?** - **A. Document the findings as normal.** - B. Apply warm compresses to the area to reduce discoloration. - C. Notify the healthcare provider of possible infection. - D. Schedule the patient for an ultrasound to evaluate scrotal blood flow. **Answer:** A\ **Rationale:** A scrotum that is slightly darker in color with a loose, rugated appearance is a normal finding and does not require further action​(Assessment of the Testi...). **3. A patient is concerned about his risk for testicular cancer. During the assessment, which risk factor reported by the patient would most increase his susceptibility?** - A. Onset of puberty at an early age - **B. Family history of testicular cancer** - C. A diet high in saturated fats - D. Previous history of frequent urinary tract infections **Answer:** B\ **Rationale:** A family history of testicular cancer is a significant risk factor. Other major risk factors include having an undescended testicle (cryptorchidism) and Klinefelter syndrome​(Assessment of the Testi...). **4. A nurse is performing a testicular examination on a 70-year-old male. Which age-related change is expected during the assessment?** - A. Increase in testicular tissue mass - B. Enlargement of both testicles - **C. Testicular atrophy and decreased pubic hair** - D. Testicular enlargement and tenderness **Answer:** C\ **Rationale:** Age-related changes in older adults include testicular atrophy, decreased pubic hair, and reduced blood circulation to the genital area. These changes are considered normal​(Assessment of the Testi...). **5. A male patient expresses concern about a recent painless swelling in his scrotum. During palpation, the nurse detects an irregular mass within the testicle. What is the nurse\'s priority action?** - A. Educate the patient on proper hygiene to reduce swelling. - B. Instruct the patient to monitor the mass for any changes over time. - **C. Document the findings and refer the patient for further evaluation.** - D. Reassure the patient that painless swelling is common and likely benign. **Answer:** C\ **Rationale:** Painless swelling or enlargement and a palpable irregular mass may indicate testicular cancer, and the patient should be referred for further evaluation without delay​(Assessment of the Testi...). **6. A patient is learning how to perform a testicular self-exam. The nurse explains that certain structures may feel distinct to the touch. Which of the following structures should the patient expect to feel?** - A. A hard, small lump near the center of the testicle - B. A soft, smooth area covering the entire surface - **C. A crescent-shaped epididymis on the superior, posterior aspect** - D. A round, tender mass on the anterior surface **Answer:** C\ **Rationale:** The epididymis is located at the superior, posterior aspect of each testicle and is a normal structure felt during self-exam. A small hard lump would be concerning and should be evaluated​(Assessment of the Testi...).