Arts Q3 - Art Elements in Media-Based Arts in the Philippines

**Arts Q3** **Line** This is the distance between two points (or the path of a moving point), taking any form along the way. - Can you see lines on the picture? - Were you able to locate the moving points? **Shape** This refers to the figure of a particular condition that outlines anything...

**Arts Q3** **Line** This is the distance between two points (or the path of a moving point), taking any form along the way. - Can you see lines on the picture? - Were you able to locate the moving points? **Shape** This refers to the figure of a particular condition that outlines anything you can see. - What shapes did you identify from the creative design? **Color** It pertains to different hues, pigments, and shades applied in arts and design. - What distinctive colors can you see? - Which part of the artwork can you see where shading and highlighting are evident? - Were you able to find the form in the picture? - How did you find the surface of the art being represented? - Were you able to see the spaces and the distances of the parts and the whole of the animated picture? These seven elements of art are used by artists and mix them with the principles of design to compose a piece of art. However, **not all** artworks contain all these elements. At least two elements are always present in an artwork **Examples of media-based arts in the Philippines**  **Photography:** **Film:** **Animation:** **Print media:** **Product innovation and design** **Carousel lamps:** **Yoda chair:** **Designs on ready to wear dress:** **Philippine Media-Based Arts: Photography** Photography is one of the most enjoyed hobbies of every Filipino. This is evident in the millions of photos that are posted in the different social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. In this field, some gifted Filipino photographers are known because of their remarkable shots, such as Mr. George Tapan.  Though there are many other travel photographers who outstrip his travel log; his awards speak for the quality of his work. George has won two Pacific Asia Tourism Association (PATA) Gold awards, an ASEAN Tourism Association award and the first place in the 2011 National Geographic Photo Contest. He worked for the Department of Tourism and Philippine Airlines and has published 5 travel photography books. George was not always a travel photographer. He started out as a photographer for movie posters, shooting stills for 60s movies like Asiong Salonga. His subjects were Joseph Estrada, Fernando Poe Jr and Dolphy. After being Erap's campaign photographer when he ran for San Juan mayor, George did some photo shoots for advertising, sports and fashion until he found his love for travel photography at the age of 24. He recalls that his first ever assignment as a travel photographer was Isla Verde, an island between Batangas and Puerto Galera. One of his travel photo shoots is the Vigan City Cathedral where Kalesas on parade pass by the Saint Paul Cathedral in Vigan City, Ilocos Sur on April 28, 2019 which was the second day of Viva Vigan Binatbatan Festival of the Arts. Great photography does not have to consist of one characteristic. It is a mixture of many characteristics to come up with great images. These characteristics are the following: 1. **Interesting Foreground** - it is the portion of the frame that is closest to the camera. The foreground space in an image can be utilized to draw attention to a subject located further into the frame, for example with leading lines, or it can be used to frame the subject. 2. **Sharpness** - a sharp photograph shows intent and skill. There are times that some parts of an image are blurry or vague but can be enhanced with the use of neutral density filters. 3. **Interesting Perspective** - sometimes all photographs need to be interesting. In order to do this, there should be a change of perspective. A shot taken from a few inches from the ground or under the subject, something which is not usually seen can produce great images. 4. **Good Lighting** - not under or overexposed is too obvious. A photographer knows how to really work with light which can help create some truly stunning images. Some rules are meant to be broken and lighting is one of them. 5. **Symmetry** - it is the quality of being made up of exactly similar parts facing each other or around an axis. It can play tricks in our brain and when used properly in photography, it creates interesting photographs. Photographs of architecture often use symmetry. 6. **Shadows** - it gives depth to two-dimensional images or just interesting composition builders. 7. **Contrast** - is the visual ratio of different tones in an image. This difference is what creates the textures, highlights, shadows, colors and clarity in a photograph. 8. **Human Interest** - Candid shots stand out. It is better to see photos with subjects who aren't reacting to the camera but instead, living their life. 9. **Isolation** - it is the ability to draw the viewer's attention away from anything distracting in the image and lead them right to the main subject. **Philippine Media-Based Arts: Film** Filipinos love watching films. This is manifested through our interest in watching movies during the annual Metro Manila Film Festival (MMFF), Cinemalaya, Pista ng Pelikulang Pilipino and other award-giving body in film. Philippine movies are not just being watched in the country, but it is also shown in other countries. Lots of Filipino artists and film-makers were awarded in the different international award-giving organizations. One highly recognized film director of the country is **[Catalino "Lino" Ortiz Brocka,]** a multi-awarded director who became the Philippine National Artist for films in 1997. He is a director for film and broadcast arts who promoted the term "freedom of expression" in the Philippine Constitution. Brocka took his social activist spirit to the screen leaving behind 66 films which breathed life and hope for the marginalized sectors of society. He also directed theater plays with equal zeal and had served in organizations that offer alternative visions, like the Philippine Educational Theater Association (PETA) and the Concerned Artists of the Philippines (CAP). With his caliber, he garnered numerous awards and recognitions here and abroad from recognized institutions like the CCP, FAMAS, TOYM, and Cannes Film Festival. Lino Brocka left behind his masterpieces, bequeathing to our country a heritage of cinematic harvest; a bounty of stunning images; memorable conversations that speak volumes on love, betrayal and redemption; pestilence and plenty all pointing towards the recovery and rediscovery of our nation. To name a few, Brocka's films include the following: "Santiago" (1970), "Wanted: Perfect Mother" (1970), "Tubog sa Ginto" (1971), "Stardom" (1971), "Tinimbang Ka Ngunìt Kulang" (1974), "Maynila: Sa Kuko ng Liwanag" (1975), "Insiang" (1976), "Jaguar" (1979), "Bona" (1980), "Macho Dancer" (1989), "Oraporonobis" (1989), "Makusap Ka sa Diyos" (1991). **Film Elements** **Basic Film Elements**\ Elements of Film is a way to compose all scene in a film and establish the essence of film. There are five elements of film which is narrative, cinematography, sound, mise-en-scene and editing. These elements help determine the totality of the film and a way to judge them. 1. **Narrative** - it is similar to the plot of the movie. It is about what the movie is, the character and the world. 2. **Cinematography** - it is basically 'writing in movement'. It is the way the film was framed, toned, and colored in its own way of photography. 3. **Sound** - it is the most powerful aspect in film that has three components to it. Sound in film has sound effects, dialogue, and music. - a\. Music - helps shape the feeling and the perception of a scene in a film to the audience. - b\. Dialogue - these are the verbal conversations of the characters in a movie. It must be clear and audible to clearly transport the message of the film to the audience. - c\. Sound Effect - It is a sound recorded and presented to make a specific storytelling or creative point without the use of dialogue or music. The term often refers to a process applied to a recording, without necessarily referring to the recording itself. 4. **Mise-en-scene** - it is practically the things that appear in the film's frame. It is a catch-all for everything that contributes to the visual presentation and overall "look" of a production. When translated from French, it means "placing on stage." 5. **Editing** - it is the most important skill in film making. The film editor works hard to put the whole movie together from all the scene. The editor is also responsible for cuts and being made in the film - scenes that audiences don't see. **Philippine Media-Based Arts: Animation** Nowadays, we are familiar with a lot of foreign animated films such as ***Frozen*, *Finding Nemo*, and others.** In the Philippines, there are numerous animated films that were already produced and can compete in the global arena when it comes to animated film industry. Some of which are ***RPG Metanoia*, *Adarna: The Mythical Bird*, *Urdja*, and *Dayo: Sa Mundo ng Elementalia*.** Animation is the process of creating the illusion of motion and shape change by means of the rapid display of a sequence of static images that minimally differ from each other. Animation can be seen in your favorite TV commercials, music, movies or even videos. The following are the techniques and style in creating an animation. 1. **Traditional Animation** - These involved animators drawing by hand for each and every frame. If you love the feel of pencils on a paper, then the traditional approach is very fascinating. Traditional animation is creating the drawings one by one on the frame. 2D animation involves creating numerous drawings then feeding into a plastic cell, hand painting them and create the animated sequence on a painted background image. 2. **Digital 2D Animation** - It is called Vector Animation. It is creating animations in the 2 dimensional space with the help of digital technologies. You don't need to create digital models; you just need to draw the frames. Create 100s of drawing and animating them to show some kind of movement is technically known as digital 2D animation. Using Adobe Flash, animators can limit the number of drawings used, which makes them easier to create digital 2D animation. Small variations like changing the color or frame rate can be changed almost instantly, thus making it easier for the animators to work on. 3. **Digital 3D Animation** - It is making the unreal characters into a realistic one. Digital 3D animation characters are much faster to create and they are quite popular in the movie making industry. Using a computer software, 3D animated images are used to create many short films, full-length movies and even TV commercials and a career in digital 3D animation is highly rewarding. Comparing to 2D animation and the traditional approach, 3D animation models are highly realistic. One best example for this animation is the RPG Metanoia. 4. **Stop-Motion Animation** - Stop motion is done by capturing a photo of an object, then moving it just a little bit to take another photo. This process is similar to traditional animation, but it uses real life objects instead of drawings to create an illusion of movement. And even though it is also time consuming and expensive, the end results are often unique and incomparable. 5. **Motion Graphics** - Still considered as a form of animation, motion graphics is nothing alike the other types of animations as it is not character or story-driven. It's simply the art of moving graphic elements such as texts or shapes. Common examples include animated logos, film opening titles, explain videos, and app advertisements. 1. **Pre-Production**\ a. **Story** - This is the basis of all the other elements involved in the production process and without it, there's no end result. As such, developing a script is the first task every Filipino creator should do. 1. **It presents current issues in the community** - Most of the country's animated films talk about the recurring problems, stigma, and scenarios experienced by the Filipinos. Some of the animated films made were the "Doodle of Doom" (2007) that shows the special abilities of children with disabilities; and "Love and Marriage" (2008) that presents racism involving a struggle of a Filipino-Chinese relationship. 2. **It retells myths and native stories of the country in animation** - Filipinos love to listen to stories from their forefathers that's why artists present these traditional stories in motion pictures. Some of which are the *Urduja*, *Mariang*, (2012), *Lakas ng Lahi* (2014), and *Ibon Adarna*. 3. **It manifests Philippine culture and tradition** - Animation in the country is rooted in our culture and tradition. One of which is *Mutya* (2009) that preserves heritage and the environment by believing that nature dwells among us. 1. **It exchanges information in a wide range of digital platforms** - sound, images, text and videos are all available in digital format for use in a computer tablet, android phones and other similar devices. 2. **It is a mixture of entertainment, illustration or communication purposes** - aside from acquiring information, these characteristics can be observed in digital media. 3. **It is an accessible storage for preservation** - Digital media is stored on digital storage devices such as Hard Drives and Flash storage. This has allowed huge amounts of data to be stored on a small place with no risk of damage to the data provided that the medium in which the data is stored in, is not mistreated. 4. **It can be easily distributed and accessed -**Digital media is an easy access that can be distributed via digital storage mediums and the internet. Compared to the past where people wanted to share a large collection of photos or magazines, it would take up a lot of space and would take great effort in transferring it from one place to another. 5. **It is user-friendly -** Digital media can be easily manipulated by anyone with the necessary skills. For example, photos can be resized, cropped, and visually altered in ways to make them appear better or to completely change the meaning of the visuals. 6. **It is low cost -** Easy distribution of media via the internet has also made it able to reach a wider audience for less costs in the distribution in terms of postage and labor costs etc. Social media also provides a good medium of advertising, allowing content to reach many different types of people worldwide.  **PHOTOGRAPHY** - **Xyza Bacani** She is a multi-awarded street and documentary photographer that focuses on labor and human rights. One notable element of her works is the use of black and white images instead of using colored ones. She captured street images like the 2014 Hongkong protest, the systemic poor working conditions of domestic helpers and laborers, and relevant social issues of the time. As a former OFW herself, she roamed the streets of Hongkong during her day off and captured images of everyday life that are unpredictable and unscripted, which made her a fellow at the Magnum Foundation of Human Rights Fellowship in New York City and received numerous international recognitions for presenting pressing social issues through her lenses. - **George Tapan** He is an award-winning travel photographer who won two Pacific Asia Tourism Association (PATA) Gold Awards, ASEAN Tourism Association Award, and the 2011 National Geographic Photo Contest as the second placer. - **John K. Chua** John K. Chua is a popular advertising and commercial photographer who had been working with international brands. He was recognized by Canon Philippines in leading and initiating their Bachang Advocacy for the rebuild of rice terraces in Batad, Ifugao. Mr. Chua also advocated special children and animal rights through his photography as a platform. - **Manny Librodo** His images appeared in different publications worldwide like Asian Graphic and UNICEF calendar. Mr. Librodo, whose focus is on vision rather than technique, is also recognized as one of the top ten world's famous portrait photographers and an international photography conference speaker. He also specializes in travel and people, glamour, and fashion photography. **Film and Animation** - **Kidlat Tahimik** Kidlat Tahimik, a National Artist for Film, is being praised worldwide for his works that are critical of neocolonial exploitation and state oppression or known as "Third Cinema." His work Mababangong Bangungot in 1977 was considered as the pioneering postcolonial essay film. Kidlat Tahimik's works develop in the quest of independence and self-recognition of our own culture and history that are free from the influence of the west. He advocates indigenous cultures and creates artworks to raise awareness about environmental issues. Though his works are considered Third Cinema, he mentioned that even in the direst situation and social injustice, there is always hope, triumph, and possibilities. He is also dubbed as the "Father of the Philippine Independent Cinema." Aside from his contributions in Philippine Independent Cinemas, he was also awarded in the global scene like the Berlin Film Festival International Critics Award in 1977, Fukuoka Asian Culture Prize Laureate, Arts and Culture Prize in 2012, the Prince Claus Laureate in 2018, and several others. - **Marilou Diaz Abaya** Abaya is a feminist director. She was also a critic of President Marcos during martial law due to the oppressive social situation. Her social-realist films are centered on the lives of the poor, women, and children. She was also the 2001 Laureate of the Fukuoka Prize for Culture and the Arts in Japan. She won numerous awards in Metro Manila Film Festival, Urian Award, FAMAS, International Federation of Film Critics' Awards, and Network of Pan Cinema Awards. - **Maryo J. delos Reyes** A Filipino film and television director, delos Reyes is an expert of youth-oriented films. His works also focused on human relation. Aside from his multi-awarded film directions in local settings, he also won international awards. His \"Magnifico\" won the Eutsches Kinderhilfswerk Grand Prix during the Berlin International Film Festival in 2004 and Special Jury Award for \"International Competition\" category for his film \"Naglalayag\" at Brussels International Independent Film Festival. - **Brillante Mendoza** Mendoza is undoubtedly an internationally awarded Filipino film director. His works are centered in "Neorealism," a docudrama style that showcases the pressing social issues of the country. From advertising, he crossed to film directing. Kinatay, a film that talks about a criminology student who later became involved in a syndicate, has made Brillante win the Best Director award during the 62nd Cannes Film Festival. He also won several international recognitions such as the Henry Barakat Award for Best Artistic Contribution of the movie, \"Mindanao\" during the 41st Cairo International Film Festival; and Achievement in Directing for the film, "Thy Womb" at the Asia Pacific Screen Awards in 2012. - **Laurice Guillen** Guillen was an actress who eventually became a film director. Her notable work is "Salome" in 1981 where she won Best Director for the Gawad Urian. The same film was also shown at the Toronto International Film Festival. She won the Best Screenplay for her "Tanging Yaman" in 2002 of the same award-giving body. Guillen won the 9th Gawad Tanglaw Awards' Best Director and Presidential Jury Award for "Sayo Lamang" in 2011. **Comic Books & Animation** - **Antonio Velasquez** Velasquez is known as the "Father of Tagalog Comics" and founding father of the Philippine comic industry. Some of his notable works are the creation of "Kenkoy" that was published in the Tagalog-Language Liwayway Magazine and designed product labels for Philippine products advertisements. - **Mars Ravelo** He is known as the "King of Komiks." Ravelo's works have been adopted to films and captivated Filipinos for generations like Darna, Dyesebel, Captain Barbell, and Lastikman. - **Apolonio "Pol" Medina Jr.** He is best known for creating Pugad Baboy, one of the longest running comic strips in the country. Pol's Pugad Baboy success was attributed to its ability to present the political and social issues of the country in an ironic and satirical manner. Medina primarily exploited the Filipino psyche and transpired them in the different contemporary issues using comic as his medium. Public figures, politicians, and even celebrities are often the subject of his caricatures and ironic commentary, but with subtle reference to the personalities involved. Though his works often evoke laughter to his audiences, Medina's comics are vehicles for both satire and social commentary. - **Larry Alcala** Larry Alcala is an editorial cartoonist, illustrator, and a National Artist for Visual Arts. His works depict the Filipino lives in a witty manner and a pioneer in animated cartoons and TV commercials in the country. His style presents the everyday life of Filipinos with humor and critical to the issues of the time, arousing reflection and rational judgment. One of his famous works is the Slice of Life that received the Best in Humor award in 1988. Alcala's Kalabog en Bosyo was the longest-running cartoon series in the country. Aside from his cartoon and animation works, he also introduced the first college degree course on Commercial Design in the Philippines in 1953. He won tons of awards and received recognitions from different organizations like the UP College of Fine Arts, The Komiks Operation Brotherhood, Inc. (Komopeb) Life Achievement Award, The Society of Philippines Illustrators and Cartoonists, Philippine Council of Industrial Editors, and many more. **PRODUCT AND INDUSTRIAL DESIGN** - **Kenneth Cobonpue**\ Kenneth Cobonpue is a native of Cebu. His innovative designs usually combine natural materials through handmade production processes. He uses bamboo, rattan, and abaca materials in his creations which are native to the Philippines. Cobonpue's works do not only venture on design but promote Philippines as a rich source of inspiration and place where possibilities are limitless. His works have received international recognitions such as the Hong Kong\'s Design for Asia Award, the Japan Good Design Award, the American Society of Interior Designers Selection, the French Coup de Coeur Award, and the first Asian Designer of the Year, a title given by the Maison et Objet in Paris. By using natural materials and fibers, he was able to create modern designs which he is known for. - **Monique Lhuillier**\ She is also a Cebuana fashion designer and became known for her wedding gowns. Her couture was worn by Hollywood stars and other well-known celebrities. Monique was a member of the Council of Fashion Designers of America in 2003. The Best Bridal Fashion Show at the Elle International Bridal Awards in 2012 was given to her. - **Rajo Laurel**\ Laurel co-founded the House of Laurel (a fashion boutique) together with her sister, Vennise Laurel-Hermano. He introduced Filipino fashion through his avant-garde collections in international galas and exhibits. Laurel also used his resources to create income opportunities for impoverished women by making handmade bags, accessories, and clothing made from discarded fabric from his own shop. He was awarded several recognitions such as the Asian Top Fashion Designer of the Year (Prêt-à-Porter Category) in 2010 by Fashion Asia AFMA China; The Outstanding Young Men Award of Philippine Jaycees in 2009; and People of the Year Award for People Asia Magazine in 2008 to name a few.