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ARPLAN 2 PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN & COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE NEW URBANISM PREPARED BY: AR.HERACLES A. MANALILI, JR. Rmp CHECKED BY: AR./ENP RACHELLE S. MORALES  NEW URBANISM WHAT IS NEW URBANISM? New Urbanism is an urban planning and design moveme...

ARPLAN 2 PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN & COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE NEW URBANISM PREPARED BY: AR.HERACLES A. MANALILI, JR. Rmp CHECKED BY: AR./ENP RACHELLE S. MORALES  NEW URBANISM WHAT IS NEW URBANISM? New Urbanism is an urban planning and design movement that began in the United States in the early 1980s. Its goals are to reduce dependence on the car, and to create livable and walkable, neighborhoods with a densely packed array of housing, jobs and commercial sites. -“THE PRINCIPLES OF NEW URBANISM” by AMANDA BRINEY https://www.archdaily.com/963314/exploring-new-urbanism-principles-in- the-21st-century  NEW URBANISM New Urbanism also promotes a return to the traditional town planning seen in places such as downtown Charleston, South Carolina and Georgetown in Washington, D.C. https://www.extraspace.com/blog/moving/city-guides/best-neighborhoods- in-charleston-for-families/ Charleston, South Carolina https://pixabay.com/photos/charleston-south-carolina-america-3996236/  NEW URBANISM https://www.historicgeorgetownsc.com/ Georgetown in Washington, D.C. https://marinas.com/view/harbor/w4t8e3_Georgetown_Harbor_Georgetow n_SC_United_States  NEW URBANISM How “NEW URBANISM” is created? -Beginning of 19th century, with the development of the streetcar and affordable rapid transit ,cities began to spread out and create streetcar suburbs. -The later invention of the automobile further increased this decentralization from the central city which later led to separated land uses and urban sprawl. -“THE PRINCIPLES OF NEW URBANISM” by AMANDA BRINEY  NEW URBANISM What is Urban Sprawl? -Urban sprawl is the pattern of uncontrollable growth near or on the perimeter of cities -it is often characterized by “low-density residential housing, single-use zoning, and increased reliance on the private automobile for transportation.” stated by BRITANNICA https://www.racetoacure.org/post/the-5-ws-of-urban-sprawl https://www.britannica.com/topic/urban-sprawl https://www.racetoacure.org/post/the-5-ws-of-urban-sprawl  NEW URBANISM -Due to uncontrolled Urban Sprawl, wildlife, and trees were destroyed to adapt to the growing urban population and to continually grow the economy. Oftentimes conflicts with the environment relate back to an economic advantage, where people act from self-interest and short-term gain that exploits the environment in a way. https://www.racetoacure.org/post/the-5-ws-of-urban-sprawl https://environmentalpolicy101.wordpress.com/category/urban-sprawl/  NEW URBANISM CORE NEW URBANIST IDEAS 4 KEY IDEAS 1. Ensure that a city is walkable. -This means that no resident should need a car to get anywhere in the community and they should be no more than a five minute walk from any basic good or service. To achieve this, communities should invest in sidewalks and narrow streets. “THE PRINCIPLES OF NEW URBANISM” by AMANDA BRINEY https://thinksustainabilityblog.com/2018/02/13/what-are-walkable-cities/  NEW URBANISM 2. De-emphasize the car -placing garages behind homes or in alleys. There should also only be on-street parking, instead of large parking lots. (not applicable on All places specially on socialized subdivision e.g. “severa”, “fiesta communities”, etc “THE PRINCIPLES OF NEW URBANISM” by AMANDA BRINEY https://kapionews.kapiolani.hawaii.edu/kcc-needs-to-address-parking- situation/ http://thetimesweekly.com/news/2019/apr/10/parking-challenges-local- community/  NEW URBANISM 3. Buildings should be mixed both in their style, size, price and function. a small townhouse can be placed next to a larger, single family home. Mixed-use buildings such as those containing commercial spaces with apartments over them are also ideal in this setting. https://www.completecommunitiesde.org/planning/landuse/mixed-use- development/  NEW URBANISM 4. Strong emphasis on the community. This means maintaining connections between people with high density, parks, open spaces and community gathering centers like a plaza or neighborhood square. https://www.infinitee.com/demand-for-mixed-use-development-spurs-economic-growth/  NEW URBANISM EXAMPLES OF NEW URBANIST CITIES HARBOR TOWN, MEMPHIS, US https://www.henryturley.com/harbor-town-1/ https://www.agefotostock.com/age/en/details-photo/harbor-town- community-association-in-memphis-tn-with-skyline-in-background/SSB-4017- 2093  NEW URBANISM EXAMPLES OF NEW URBANIST CITIES designed by architects Andres Duany and SEASIDE, FLORIDA Elizabeth Plater-Zyberk. Construction began there in 1981 and almost immediately, it became famous for its architecture, public spaces and quality of streets. https://www.selling30a.com/seaside https://bungalower.com/2020/02/26/straight-trippin-to-seaside-florida/  NEW URBANISM EXAMPLES OF NEW URBANIST CITIES The Stapleton neighborhood in Denver, Colorado, https://www.uncovercolorado.com/best-neighborhoods-in-denver-co/ It is on the site of the former Stapleton International Airport and construction began in 2001. The neighborhood is zoned as residential, commercial and office and will be one of the largest in Denver. Like Seaside, it too will de-emphasize the car but it will also have parks and open space. sentinelcolorado.com  NEW URBANISM CRITICISMS OF NEW URBANISM -The first of these is that the density of its cities leads to a lack of privacy for residents. Some critics claim that people want detached homes with yards so they are further away from their neighbors. By having mixed density neighborhoods and possibly sharing driveways and garages, this privacy is lost. https://www.indiewire.com/2013/06/the-criticwire-survey-advice-for- -New Urbanist towns feel inauthentic and isolated aspiring-critics-127739/ -Critics of New Urbanism argue that instead of promoting diversity and community, New Urbanist neighborhoods only attract affluent residents as they often become very expensive places to live. “THE PRINCIPLES OF NEW URBANISM” by AMANDA BRINEY  NEW URBANISM THE PRINCIPLES OF NEW URBANISM 1. Walkability -Most things within a 10-minute walk of home and work -Pedestrian friendly street design (buildings close to street; porches, windows & doors; tree-lined streets; on street parking; hidden parking lots; garages in rear lane; narrow, slow speed streets) -Pedestrian streets free of cars in special cases https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-12-11/walkability-is-good- for-you  NEW URBANISM THE PRINCIPLES OF NEW URBANISM 2. Connectivity -Interconnected street grid network disperses traffic & eases walking -A hierarchy of narrow streets, boulevards, and alleys -High quality pedestrian network and public realm makes walking pleasurable https://streets-alive-yarra.org/street-hierarchy/  NEW URBANISM THE PRINCIPLES OF NEW URBANISM 3. Mixed-Use & Diversity -A mix of shops, offices, apartments, and homes on site. Mixed-use within neighborhoods, within blocks, and within buildings -Diversity of people - of ages, income levels, cultures, and races https://knowledge.uli.org/?URL_Success=%2fen%2freading- lists%2f2019%2fmixed-use  NEW URBANISM THE PRINCIPLES OF NEW URBANISM 4. Mixed Housing A range of types, sizes and prices in closer proximity 5. Quality Architecture & Urban Design Emphasis on beauty, aesthetics, human comfort, and creating a sense of place; Special placement of civic uses and sites within community. Human scale architecture & beautiful surroundings nourish the human spirit https://www.archdaily.com/962545/google-gets-approval-for-downtown-west-campus-designed-by-sitelab- urban-studio  NEW URBANISM THE PRINCIPLES OF NEW URBANISM 6. Traditional Neighborhood Structure -Discernable center and edge -Public space at center -Importance of quality public realm; public open space designed as civic art -Contains a range of uses and densities within 10-minute walk -Transect planning “THE PRINCIPLES OF NEW URBANISM” by AMANDA BRINEY  NEW URBANISM THE PRINCIPLES OF NEW URBANISM 7. Increased Density -More buildings, residences, shops, and services closer together for ease of walking, to enable a more efficient use of services and resources, and to create a more convenient, enjoyable place to live. -New Urbanism design principles are applied at the full range of densities from small towns, to large cities https://www.charlotteobserver.com/opinion/letters-to-the-editor/article250179425.html  NEW URBANISM THE PRINCIPLES OF NEW URBANISM 8. Smart Transportation -A network of high-quality trains connecting cities, towns, and neighborhoods together -Pedestrian-friendly design that encourages a greater use of bicycles, rollerblades, scooters, and walking as daily transportation https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/intelligent-transportation-systems-smart- cities-review-choudhary/  NEW URBANISM THE PRINCIPLES OF NEW URBANISM 7. Increased Density -More buildings, residences, shops, and services closer together for ease of walking, to enable a more efficient use of services and resources, and to create a more convenient, enjoyable place to live. -New Urbanism design principles are applied at the full range of densities from small towns, to large cities https://www.charlotteobserver.com/opinion/letters-to-the-editor/article250179425.html  NEW URBANISM THE PRINCIPLES OF NEW URBANISM 9. Sustainability -Minimal environmental impact of development and its operations -Eco-friendly technologies, respect for ecology and value of natural systems -Energy efficiency -Less use of finite fuels -More local production -More walking, less driving https://www.blogms.com/what-common-attributes-are-shared-by- https://healthyhumanlife.com/blogs/news/how-to-start-a- sustainable-communities/ sustainable-community-movement  NEW URBANISM THE PRINCIPLES OF NEW URBANISM 10. Quality of Life Taken together these add up to a high quality of life well worth living, and create places that enrich, uplift, and inspire the human spirit. https://www.millenniumftmyers.com/blog/2020/tips-for- https://www.huffpost.com/entry/10-things-i-learnt-living-in-a-first-world- peaceful-community-living.html country_b_58b03973e4b02f3f81e44641  NEW URBANISM BENEFITS OF NEW URBANISM 1. BENEFITS TO RESIDENTS Healthier lifestyle with more walking and less stress Less traffic Closer to shops and other businesses Access to bike trails, nature, and parks Opportunity for Increased social interaction Helps children, the elderly, and less affluent to get to work and other destinations without owning a vehicle Monetary savings from driving less Increased leisure time A sense of place and community More open space to enjoy https://prs3.com/8-principles-of-new-urbanism/  NEW URBANISM 2. BENEFITS TO BUSINESS Increased sales because easier access to residents Less money spent on advertising Better lifestyle when residing above their shops – saves stress, time, and cost of commuting Lower rents due to smaller spaces and parking lots Healthier lifestyle because of more walking More community involvement, getting to know their customers https://prs3.com/8-principles-of-new-urbanism/  NEW URBANISM 4. BENEFITS TO MUNICIPALITIES Less taxes spent on infrastructure and utilities More tax revenue from the increased number of buildings in a smaller area Less traffic congestion Less crime and policing because of the increased number of people present throughout the day and night Better image Easier to install and improve public transit Greater civic involvement https://prs3.com/8-principles-of-new-urbanism/ NEW URBANISM “The sum of human happiness increases because of New Urbanism” -Andres Duany  ARPLAN 2 PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN & COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design PREPARED BY: AR.HERACLES A. MANALILI, JR. Rmp CHECKED BY: AR./ENP RACHELLE S. MORALES  Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (“CPTED”) is the design, maintenance, and use of the built environment in order to enhance quality of life and to reduce both the incidence and fear of crime. www.portlandoregon.gov/oni/cp Algendy Shaker Algendy Al-Azhar University, Department of Architecture Cairo, Egypt  Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design CPTED involves the balanced application of these 5 principles: Natural Surveillance. Natural surveillance is achieved through design and maintenance that allow people engaged in their normal activity to easily observe the space around them, as well as eliminating hiding places for people engaged in criminal activity. www.portlandoregon.gov/oni/cp Algendy Shaker Algendy Al-Azhar University, Department of Architecture Cairo, Egypt  Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design Natural surveillance is generally achieved by the use of appropriate lighting, low or see through fencing or landscaping, the removal of areas that offer concealment, and the placement of windows, doors, and walkways to provide the opportunity for easy observation of surrounding areas by responsible users of property www.portlandoregon.gov/oni/cp Algendy Shaker Algendy Al-Azhar University, Department of Architecture Cairo, Egypt  Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design Territoriality. Territoriality means providing clear designation between public, private, and semi-private areas and makes it easier for people to understand, and participate in, an area’s intended use. www.portlandoregon.gov/oni/cp Algendy Shaker Algendy Al-Azhar University, Department of Architecture Cairo, Egypt  Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design Territoriality communicates a sense of active “ownership” of an area that can discourage the perception that illegal acts may be committed in the area without notice or consequences. The use of see-through screening, low fencing, gates, signage, different pavement textures, or other landscaping elements that visually show the transition between areas intended for different uses are examples of the principle of territoriality. www.portlandoregon.gov/oni/cp https://www.improvenet.com/a/9-types-of-fences-how-to- choose-the-right-fence  Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design Access Control. Access control is a concept directed primarily at decreasing criminal accessibility, especially into areas where a person with criminal intent would not easily be seen by others. Examples of access control would include a highly visible gate or entry way through which all users of a property must enter, or the appropriate use of signage, door and window locks, or fencing to discourage unwanted access into Algendy Shaker Algendy Al-Azhar University, Department of Architecture private space or into dark or Cairo, Egypt unmonitored areas. www.portlandoregon.gov/oni/cp Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design The principles of Natural Surveillance, Access Control, and Territoriality can be expressed in a natural/passive manner (designed-in, not requiring any active effort on the part of responsible users), an organized/active manner (planned activities or routines), and/or a mechanical manner (installing additional equipment to achieve the principle). Natural/passive CPTED, designed into a space before it is even built, is the ideal. www.portlandoregon.gov/oni/cp  Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design Activity Support. Activity support involves both passive and active efforts to promote the presence of responsible pedestrian users in a given area, thus increasing the community value of the area, while discouraging actions by would- be offenders who desire anonymity for their actions. www.portlandoregon.gov/oni/cp https://www.ekeo.gov.hk/en/projects/promenade/index.html  Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design Passive examples are design elements that make an area appealing to appropriate pedestrian use, such as attractive landscaping, safety from car traffic, and public art. Active examples involve scheduling events for an area to attract appropriate users, such as picnics, concerts, children’s play https://theconversation.com/future-forecasting-landscape-architects-might- groups, or sports events. save-the-world-32219 www.portlandoregon.gov/oni/cp https://www.artsandscience.org/public-art-connects-kids-to-community-and- a-local-university/  Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design Management and Maintenance. Proper maintenance of landscaping, lighting and other features is vital to ensuring that CPTED elements serve their intended purpose. Unfortunately, failure to maintain property — and its management parallel, the failure to stop harmful use of property — will rapidly undermine the impact of even https://www.baymgmtgroup.com/blog/top-7-perks-tenants-looking-bel-air- the best CPTED design rental-property/ elements.  Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design While CPTED principles supplement effective maintenance and management practices, they can not make up for the negative impacts of ineffective management. Damaged fencing, overgrown hedges, graffiti left to weather and age, litter and debris, broken windows, as well as such factors as inattentive or overly-permissive management practices will attract would-be offenders and, equally, drive away responsible users of the space. While effective design is an important part of good crime prevention, following through with consistent maintenance and management https://www.ludlowservices.com/2019/03/14/home-value-benefits-to-well- maintained-lawn-and-curb-appeal/ practices ensures that the designed-in elements keep their effectiveness. www.portlandoregon.gov/oni/cp  Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design Examples of GOOD Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design www.portlandoregon.gov/oni/cp  Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design Examples of GOOD Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design www.portlandoregon.gov/oni/cp  Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design Examples of BAD Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design www.portlandoregon.gov/oni/cp  Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design Examples of BAD Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design www.portlandoregon.gov/oni/cp Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design For CPTED principles to accomplish the goals of enhanced livability and better natural safety, each principle must work together with the others. For example, activity support can be undermined if a property is stripped bare of landscaping in the interests of natural surveillance alone. Installing a tall opaque wall or fence will take the concept of territoriality too far by undermining natural surveillance benefits. Access control solutions that are aggressive in appearance (such as window bars, harsh lighting treatments, or hostile-looking fencing) can undermine activity support. The intent, therefore, is to use the combined balance of these principles to promote a safer, more livable environment for all. www.portlandoregon.gov/oni/cp Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design  ARPLAN 2 PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN & COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT PREPARED BY: AR.HERACLES A. MANALILI, JR. Rmp CHECKED BY: AR./ENP RACHELLE S. MORALES  TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT Transit Oriented Development is the exciting fast growing trend in creating vibrant, livable, sustainable communities. Also known as TOD, it the creation of compact, walkable, pedestrian-oriented, mixed-use communities centered around high quality train systems. This makes it possible to live a lower-stress life without complete dependence on a car https://www.som.com/projects/mrt_jakarta_transit-oriented_development_master_plan for mobility and survival. http://www.tod.org/  TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT Transit oriented development is regional planning, city revitalization, suburban renewal, and walkable neighborhoods combined. TOD is rapidly sweeping the nation with the creation of exciting people places in city after city. The public has embraced the concept across the nation as the most desirable places to live, work, and play. Real estate developers have quickly followed to meet the high demand for quality urban places served by rail systems. https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/photo/singapore-mass-rapid-transit-kallang- http://www.tod.org/ station-royalty-free-image/505451904?adppopup=true  TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT Transit oriented development is also a major solution to the serious and growing problems of climate change and global energy security by creating dense, walkable communities that greatly reduce the need for driving and energy consumption. This type of living arrangement can reduce driving by up to 85%. http://www.tod.org/ https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/pedestrians-walk-past-an- entrance-to-the-bundaran-hi-news-photo/1146411056?adppopup=true TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT  TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT FACTORS DRIVING THE TREND TOWARD TOD -Rapidly growing, mind-numbing traffic congestion nation-wide -Growing distaste for suburbia and fry-pit strip development -Growing desire for quality urban lifestyle -Growing desire for more walkable lifestyles away from traffic -Changes in family structures: more singles, empty-nesters, etc -Growing national support for Smart Growth -New focus of Federal policy https://www.change.org/p/change-the-office-timing-to-avoid-heavy-traffic http://www.tod.org/ TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT “Traffic congestion has increased so much in virtually every metropolitan area that two-hour commutes now are routine. Attempts to alleviate the problem by constructing more highways almost always have led to more sprawl and, eventually, more congestion.” -Jim Miara http://lukeroxas.com/fun-philippines-5-timeless-tips-surviving-heavy-traffic/  TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT COMPONENTS OF TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT -Walkable design with pedestrian as the highest priority -Train station as prominent feature of town center -Public square fronting train station -A regional node containing a mixture of uses in close proximity (office, residential, retail, civic) -High density, walkable district within 10-minute walk circle surrounding train station -Collector support transit systems including streetcar, light rail, and buses, etc -Designed to include the easy use of bicycles and scooters as daily support transport -Large ride-in bicycle parking areas within stations -Bikeshare rental system and bikeway network integrated into stations -Reduced and managed parking inside 10-minute walk circle around town center / train station -Specialized retail at stations serving commuters and locals including cafes, grocery, dry cleaners http://www.tod.org/ TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT BENEFITS OF TOD -Higher quality of life with better places to live, work, and play -Greater mobility with ease of moving around -Increased transit ridership -Reduced traffic congestion, car accidents and injuries -Reduced household spending on transportation, resulting in more affordable housing -Healthier lifestyle with more walking, and less stress -Higher, more stable property values -Increased foot traffic and customers for area businesses -Greatly reduced dependence on foreign oil, reduced pollution and environmental damage -Reduced incentive to sprawl, increased incentive for compact development -Less expensive than building roads and sprawl -Enhanced ability to maintain economic competitiveness http://www.tod.org/  TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT -Transit investment has double the economic benefit to a city than does highway investment. -Transit can enable a city to use market forces to increase densities near stations, where most services are located, thus creating more efficient subcenters and minimizing sprawl. - From Sustainability and Cities, by Newman & Kenworthy https://thecityfix.com/blog/people-oriented-cities-demystifying-transit-oriented- development-robin-king-luis-zamorano/  TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT -Transit enables a city to be more corridor-oriented, making it easier to provide infrastructure. -Transit enhances the overall economic efficiency of a city; denser cities with less car use and more transit use spend a lower proportion of their gross regional product or wealth on passenger transportation. - From Sustainability and Cities, by Newman & Kenworthy https://lasvegassun.com/native/rtc-of-southern-nevada/2018/apr/19/how- an-enhanced-transportation-system-could-improv/ TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT  ARPLAN 2 PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN & COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE TACTICAL OR GUERILLA URBANISM PREPARED BY: AR.HERACLES A. MANALILI, JR. Rmp CHECKED BY: AR./ENP RACHELLE S. MORALES  TACTTICAL or GUERILLA URBANISM Tactical urbanism is an umbrella term used to describe a collection of low-cost, temporary changes to the built environment, usually in cities, intended to improve local neighborhoods and city gathering places. Tactical Urbanism is also commonly referred to as guerilla urbanism, pop-up urbanism, http://www.turbonashville.org/tactical-urbanism city repair, or D.I.Y. urbanism. https://www.bdcnetwork.com/blog/tactical-urbanism-why-bigger- isn%E2%80%99t-always-better-urban-revitalization  TACTTICAL or GUERILLA URBANISM Tactical Urbanism leverages the creativity and local knowledge of residents to provide meaningful interventions with the greater purpose of transforming the way their public space is constructed and used. http://aba-arch.com/about/news/article/65 https://www.corporateknights.com/channels/built-environment/tactical- urbanism-14903316/  TACTTICAL or GUERILLA URBANISM Different kinds of tactical urban design strategies: DEFAMILIARIZATION: Determine new opportunities in taken-for-granted spaces of the city -Chair bombing The act of removing salvageable materials and using it to build public seating. The chairs are placed in areas that either are quiet or lack comfortable places to sit. -Open Streets E.G -Summer Streets in New York City, Park Avenue Viaduct To temporarily provide safe spaces for walking, bicycling, skating, and social activities; promote local economic development; and raise awareness about the impact of cars in urban spaces. Urban Planning and Architecture Design for Sustainable Development, UPADSD 14- 16 October 2015 Tactical Urbanism “A pop-up Local change for Cairo's built environment” Ahmed S. Abd Elrahman* Ain Shams University, Department of Urban Design and Planning, Cairo, Egypt  TACTTICAL or GUERILLA URBANISM -PARK(ing) Day An annual event where on street parking is converted into park-like spaces. (Park(ing) Day was launched in 2005 by Rebar art and design studio.) -Pop-up cafes Pop-up cafes are temporary patios or terraces built in parking spots to provide overflow seating for a nearby cafe or for passersby. Most common in cities where sidewalks are narrow and where there otherwise is not room for outdoor sitting or eating areas. Urban Planning and Architecture Design for Sustainable Development, UPADSD 14- 16 October 2015 Tactical Urbanism “A pop-up Local change for Cairo's built environment” Ahmed S. Abd Elrahman* Ain Shams University, Department of Urban Design and Planning, Cairo, Egypt  TACTTICAL or GUERILLA URBANISM https://thecityateyelevel.com/stories/a-movement-to- https://www.grubstreet.com/2021/03/how-does-nyc-open-streets- reimagine-the-streets-of-japan/ work.html https://ggwash.org/view/64816/here-are-your- photos-of-parking-day  TACTTICAL or GUERILLA URBANISM REFAMILIARIZATION: Re-occupation of estranged spaces in the city. -Protected bike lanes Bike lane protections are usually done by placing potted plants or other physical barriers to make painted bike lanes feel safer. Sometimes there is no pre-existing bike lane and the physical protection is the only delineator. -De-fencing The act of removing unnecessary fences to break down barriers between neighbors, beautify communities, and encourage community building. Urban Planning and Architecture Design for Sustainable Development, UPADSD 14- 16 October 2015 Tactical Urbanism “A pop-up Local change for Cairo's built environment” Ahmed S. Abd Elrahman* Ain Shams University, Department of Urban Design and Planning, Cairo, Egypt  TACTTICAL or GUERILLA URBANISM -De-paving The act of removing unnecessary pavement to transform driveways and parking into green space so that rainwater can be absorbed and neighborhoods beautified. -Pop-up parks Pop Up Parks temporarily or permanently transform underused spaces into community gathering areas through beautification. Urban Planning and Architecture Design for Sustainable Development, UPADSD 14- 16 October 2015 Tactical Urbanism “A pop-up Local change for Cairo's built environment” Ahmed S. Abd Elrahman* Ain Shams University, Department of Urban Design and Planning, Cairo, Egypt  TACTTICAL or GUERILLA URBANISM https://momentummag.com/turns-motorists-want-protected-bike-lanes/ https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/23081016815853250/ https://nextcity.org/daily/entry/pop-up-parks-lead-to-more-biodiversity-in-cities- study-finds  TACTTICAL or GUERILLA URBANISM DECOMMODIFICATION: Emphasizing of use values over exchange values in urban space. -Pavement to Plazas Popularized in New York City, pavement plazas involve converting space on streets to usable public space. The closure of Times Square to vehicular traffic and its low-cost conversion to a pedestrian plaza is a primary example of a pavement plaza. -Guerilla gardening Guerrilla gardening is the act of gardening on land that the gardeners do not have the legal rights to utilize, such as abandoned sites, areas not being cared for, or private property. Urban Planning and Architecture Design for Sustainable Development, UPADSD 14- 16 October 2015 Tactical Urbanism “A pop-up Local change for Cairo's built environment” Ahmed S. Abd Elrahman* Ain Shams University, Department of Urban Design and Planning, Cairo, Egypt  TACTTICAL or GUERILLA URBANISM https://thediscourse.ca/scarborough/pavement-to-plazas https://fieldnotesfromfatherhood.com/2013/06/04/someones- around-heres-a-guerilla/ https://www.pinterest.ph/  TACTTICAL or GUERILLA URBANISM ALTERNATIVE ECONOMIES: such as recycling and dedicating economies actions, stepped by the everyday citizens. -Better block initiatives Temporarily transforming retail streets using cheap or donated materials and volunteers. Spaces are transformed by introducing food carts, sidewalk tables, temporary bike lanes and narrowing of streets. -Food carts/trucks Food carts and trucks are used to attract people to underused public spaces and offer small business opportunities for entrepreneurs. -Pop-up retail Pop-up shops are temporary retail stores that are set up in vacant stores or property. Urban Planning and Architecture Design for Sustainable Development, UPADSD 14- 16 October 2015 Tactical Urbanism “A pop-up Local change for Cairo's built environment” Ahmed S. Abd Elrahman* Ain Shams University, Department of Urban Design and Planning, Cairo, Egypt  TACTTICAL or GUERILLA URBANISM https://pdx.eater.com/2019/7/18/20699422/the-alder-street-food- cart-pod-confirmed-new-location-north-park-blocks https://www.wpp.com/wpp-iq/2020/08/the-future-of-retail-formats---pop- ups-pick-ups-and-unmanned-stores TACTTICAL or GUERILLA URBANISM Tactical Urbanism represents the final reaction to our basic human senses: progressive and self-directed action toward many issues like general livability, increasing social capital and economic opportunity. https://artsandplanning.mapc.org/tactical-urbanism/  TACTTICAL or GUERILLA URBANISM These senses are cleared up as macro-scale strategies that facilitate counting on effective development of built environment like building and streets, in addition to micro-scale tactics that include the observance of recreation, commerce, and arts. Streets are considered the backbone and public space's main reservoir, accordingly, citizen-led urbanism's sprit in the reiterated process of creating the necessary needs of urban street. (Lydon, M., Garcia, A., 2015) https://christicompass.com/tactical-urbanism-lesson-plan/ http://aba-arch.com/about/news/article/65 TACTTICAL or GUERILLA URBANISM  ARPLAN 2 PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN & COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE SOCIALLY RESTORATIVE URBANISM PREPARED BY: AR.HERACLES A. MANALILI, JR. Rmp CHECKED BY: AR./ENP RACHELLE S. MORALES SOCIALLY RESTORATIVE URBANISM Socially restorative urbanism seeks to operate at the interface of human and material realms, removing the duality maintained by current disciplinary categorization. Socially Restorative Urbanism: The Theory, Process and Practice of Experiemics Book by Alice Mathers, Ian Simkins, and Kevin Thwaites https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2019.00071/full SOCIALLY RESTORATIVE URBANISM it has two mutually interdependent concepts: “Experiemics” – a participative process that acts to redress imbalances in territorial relationships “Transitional edges” – a socio-spatial concept of the urban habitat. Socially Restorative Urbanism: The Theory, Process and Practice of Experiemics Book by Alice Mathers, Ian Simkins, and Kevin Thwaites SOCIALLY RESTORATIVE URBANISM At a fundamental level this includes the form of language used to talk about the human–environment relationship, emphasizing a strong territorial leaning, which we refer to as relations between awareness of mine, theirs, ours, yours (MTOY). It will also include some implications for practice and participatory processes, emphasizing a much more inclusive approach which recognises the importance of social gains as well as material changes (Experiemics). It will also include ideas about the socio-spatial anatomy of the urban realm, developed from Experiential Landscape principles, highlighting the importance of edge settings which define the interface between human habitation and material form (transitional edges). Socially Restorative Urbanism: The Theory, Process and Practice of Experiemics Book by Alice Mathers, Ian Simkins, and Kevin Thwaites SOCIALLY RESTORATIVE URBANISM MTOY relations are, therefore, the socio-spatial building blocks of socially restorative urbanism and tools with which new understandings of human–environment relationships can be articulated and related to decision-making processes. Socially Restorative Urbanism: The Theory, Process and Practice of Experiemics Book by Alice Mathers, Ian Simkins, and Kevin Thwaites www.childhealthindicatorsbc.ca https://www.shutterstock.com/search/social+relationships  SOCIALLY RESTORATIVE URBANISM If you died and had to be reincarnated as a street, would you prefer to be the one on above or below? SRU wants to set agendas with innovative ways of thinking about urban spatial structure and social processes, especially using a more people-centred approach to into urban place making. Its uniqueness lies in a focus on how social activity is intimately connected with the spaces where this takes place, and cross-disciplinary development of theoretical and practical principles of urban socially sustainable design. How Places Shape Social Activity and Vice Versa Kevin Thwaites  SOCIALLY RESTORATIVE URBANISM Sustainable living is fundamentally about human- environment interactions yet their holistic nature is inadequately understood in mainstream practice. This limitation rests in part on persistent disciplinary boundaries and over- specialisation that separates spatial, social and ecological dimensions of urban open space provision. How Places Shape Social Activity and Vice Versa Kevin Thwaites https://sola-blog.com/2016/02/04/how-places-shape-social-activity-and- vice-versa/ SOCIALLY RESTORATIVE URBANISM Excessively form-dominant infrastructure can inhibit expression of place occupation beyond the confines of the private interior space and so weaken the development of common understanding necessary to encourage and sustain the sense of belonging and mutual cooperation necessary to the embedding of community. On the left, ubiquitous form-dominant apartment block, Amsterdam; centre, human-scale urban edge encouraging temporary territorial occupation, Uppsala; right, expression of mutual cooperation and understanding, Dehli flower market. Socially Restorative Urbanism: The Theory, Process and Practice of Experiemics Book by Alice Mathers, Ian Simkins, and Kevin Thwaites SOCIALLY RESTORATIVE URBANISM  ARPLAN 2 PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN & COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE SMART CITIES PREPARED BY: AR.HERACLES A. MANALILI, JR. Rmp CHECKED BY: AR./ENP RACHELLE S. MORALES SMART CITIES A SMART CITY is a municipality that uses information and communication technologies (ICT) to increase operational efficiency, share information with the public and improve both the quality of government services https://gcn.com/articles/2019/10/07/4-types-smart-cities.aspx and citizen welfare. https://internetofthingsagenda.techtarget. com/definition/smart-city  SMART CITIES Several major characteristics are used to determine a city's smartness. These characteristics include: a technology-based infrastructure; environmental initiatives; a high functioning public transportation system; a confident sense of urban planning and humans to live and work within the city and https://www.theagilityeffect.com/en/article/smart-cities-face- utilize its resources. interoperability-challenge/ https://internetofthingsagenda.techtarget. com/definition/smart-city  SMART CITIES A smart city's success depends on its ability to form a strong relationship between the government -- including its bureaucracy and regulations -- and the private sector. This relationship is necessary because most of the work that is done to https://politicstheorypractice.com/2016/05/30/bureaucracies-and-crisis/ create and maintain a digital, data- driven environment occurs outside of the government. Surveillance equipment for busy streets could include sensors from one company, cameras from another and a server from yet another. https://internetofthingsagenda.techtarget. com/definition/smart-city https://www.iotevolutionworld.com/iot/articles/443853-smart-cities- expand-benefits-modern-surveillance-come-into.htm  SMART CITIES Smart cities use a combination of the internet of things (IoT) devices, software solutions, user interfaces (UI) and communication networks. However, they rely first and foremost on the IoT. Smart cities use a combination of the internet of things (IoT) devices, software solutions, userhttps://www.urban-hub.com/cities/smart-cities-good-decision-making-vital- interfaces (UI) and communication networks. for-turning-technology-into-real-solutions/ However, they rely first and foremost on the IoT. The IoT devices sometimes have processing capabilities called edge computing. Edge computing ensures that only the most important and relevant information is communicated over the communication network. https://internetofthingsagenda.techtarget. https://www.smartcitiesworld.net/news/news/portlands-procurement-aims-to com/definition/smart-city minimise-sensor-waste-4765  SMART CITIES A firewall security system is also necessary for the protection, monitoring and control of network traffic within a computing system. Firewalls ensure that the data constantly being transmitted within a smart city network is secure by https://www.kratikal.com/blog/sophisticated-cyber-attacks/ preventing any unauthorized access to the IoT network or city data. https://internetofthingsagenda.techtarget. com/definition/smart-city https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/types-of-firewall-and-possible-attacks/ SMART CITIES Other smart city technologies include: application programming interfaces (APIs) artificial intelligence (AI) cloud computing Dashboards machine learning (ML) machine to machine (M2M) mesh network https://internetofthingsagenda.techtarget. com/definition/smart-city https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Smart-features-in-a-smart- building_fig1_333853002  SMART CITIES Features of a smart city A classic example is the smart parking meter that uses an application to help drivers find available parking spaces without prolonged circling of crowded city blocks. The smart meter also enables digital payment, so there's no risk of coming up short of coins for the meter. https://internetofthingsagenda.techtarget.com/definition/smart-city https://in.nec.com/en_IN/solutions_services/intelligent_transport_solutions/ smart_parking.html?  SMART CITIES Energy conservation and efficiency are major focuses of smart cities. Using smart sensors, smart streetlights dim when there aren't cars or pedestrians on the roadways. Smart grid technology can be used to improve operations, maintenance and planning, and to supply power on demand and monitor energy outages. https://internetofthingsagenda.techtarget. https://www.ierek.com/news/index.php/2019/01/24/importance-of-energy- com/definition/smart-city transition-in-smart-cities/  SMART CITIES Smart city initiatives also aim to monitor and address environmental concerns such as climate change and air pollution. Waste management and sanitation can also be improved with smart technology, be it using internet-connected trash cans and IoT-enabled fleet management systems for waste collection and removal, or using sensors to measure water parameters and guarantee the quality of drinking water at the front end of the system, with proper wastewater removal and https://www.raffrescatorievaporativi.it/il-superbonus-110-sostegno- efficienza-energetica/ drainage at the back end. https://internetofthingsagenda.techtarget. com/definition/smart-city SMART CITIES How a smart city works Smart cities utilize their web of connected IoT devices and other technologies to achieve their goals of improving the quality of life and achieving economic growth. Successful smart cities follow four steps: 1.Collection - Smart sensors throughout the city gather data in real time. 2.Analysis - Data collected by the smart sensors is assessed in order to draw meaningful insights. 3.Communication - The insights that have been found in the analysis phase are communicated with decision makers through strong communication networks. 4.Action - Cities use the insights pulled from the data to create solutions, optimize operations and asset management and improve the quality of life for residents. https://internetofthingsagenda.techtarget. com/definition/smart-city  SMART CITIES Existing Smart Cities SINGAPORE DUBAI  SMART CITIES Existing Smart Cities OSLO, NORWAY COPENHAGEN, DENMARK  SMART CITIES Existing Smart Cities BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS AMSTERDAM SMART CITIES  ARPLAN 2 PLANNING 2 : FUNDAMENTALS OF URBAN DESIGN & COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE Sustainable Communities PREPARED BY: AR.HERACLES A. MANALILI, JR. Rmp CHECKED BY: AR./ENP RACHELLE S. MORALES  SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES A sustainable community manages its human, natural, and financial capital to meet current needs while ensuring that adequate resources are https://rareearthmarketing.ca/2016/06/forward-thinking-for-innovative- available for future sustainable-communities/ generations. https://sustain.org/about/what-is-a-sustainable-community/  SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES Sustainable communities can be described as places where: the needs of everyone in the community are met and people feel safe, healthy and ultimately happy our environment is appreciated, protected and enhanced and damage to the environment is minimized our economy is vibrant, employment opportunities are improved and our working https://www.towards-sustainability.com/5-ways-sustainable-communities- are-becoming-more-popular/ lives are more rewarding https://www.staffordbc.gov.uk/Low-Carbon-and-Sustainable-Communities  SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES Creating a Sustainable Society/Communities involves: Protecting and Enhancing the Environment use energy, water and other natural resources efficiently and with care minimize waste, then re-use or recover it through recycling, composting or energy recovery, and finally sustainably dispose of what is left limit pollution to levels which do not damage natural systems https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/rtf-fresh-perspectives/a928-8-ways to-create-more-sustainable-community-living-on-an-urban-scale/ value and protect the diversity of nature https://www.staffordbc.gov.uk/Low-Carbon-and-Sustainable-Communities SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES Meeting Social Needs create and enhance places, spaces and buildings which work well, wear well and look good make settlement 'human' in scale and form value and protect diversity and local distinctiveness and strengthen local http://www.except.nl/en/services/117-urban-design-planning community and cultural identity protect human health and amenity through safe, clean and pleasant environments https://www.staffordbc.gov.uk/Low-Carbon-and-Sustainable-Communities  SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES emphasize health service prevention action as well as cure ensure access to good food, water, housing and fuel at a reasonable cost meet local needs locally wherever possible maximize everyone's access to the skills maximize and knowledge needed to play a full part in society https://wearerestless.org/2016/11/17/13-top-sustainable-cities/ empower all sections of the community to participate in decision-making and consider the social and community aspects of decisions https://www.staffordbc.gov.uk/Low-Carbon-and-Sustainable-Communities  SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES 5 Ways Sustainable Communities Are Becoming More Popular 1. They help protect the environment One of the main requirements of living in a sustainable community is adhering to rules about eco-conscious living. This can include using sustainable or renewable materials when building your home, driving low- emission cars (carpooling and public transportation are also encouraged), and reducing energy consumption. When the community follows these rules, it helps reduce the carbon footprint of the community as a wehavekids.com whole, which helps reduce greenhouse gases. https://www.towards-sustainability.com/ SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES 2. They help educate the city around which they are built Sustainable communities help to educate the public as a whole by showing the eco- responsible options available to everyone. Whether it’s learning about composting, how to use less electricity, or how to work with local governments for help with sustainability, these communities educate the https://wsimag.com/culture/60264-education-in-venezuela-the-americas- public by leading by example. and-the-world https://www.towards-sustainability.com/  SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES 3. They promote the community as a whole In many large cities, neighbors have become strangers, and the common bond that used to be central to a neighborhood is missing. In sustainable communities, the community as a whole works toward a greener neighborhood, forcing neighbors to interact with each other. This fosters new lines of communication, and brings back friendly neighborhoods that seem to be disappearing elsewhere. https://www.towards-sustainability.com/ https://www.towards-sustainability.com/ SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES 4. They offer an economic advantage to cities in recession Sustainable communities engage in environmentally conscious activities, such as rejuvenating areas that have fallen into disrepair (rather than building on new land). In economically depressed cities like Cleveland, OH, Greenville, SC, and even parts of Seattle, the population was revitalized when sustainable communities renovated neighborhoods. https://www.terramai.com/blog/sustainable-green-cities/ https://www.towards-sustainability.com/ SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES 5. They promote change at the governmental level As many in the communities become eco-activists, they also become political activists by ensuring that their elected officials take note of the new developments. Once the government begins to notice the benefits these communities have for residents, they begin to push for change throughout the city. https://grist.org/fix/green-sustainable-cities-future-government/ https://www.towards-sustainability.com/  SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES EXISTING SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES VANCOUVER, CANADA STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN  SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES EXISTING SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES SINGAPORE SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES