Urban Design: Fundamentals of New Urbanism

Study Notes

A movement in urban planning and design originating in the U.S. during the early 1980s.
Aims to reduce car dependency and promote livable, walkable neighborhoods with dense housing and commercial areas.
Advocates for traditional town planning reminiscent of historic areas like downtown Charleston and Georgetown.

The emergence of streetcar suburbs in the 19th century initiated urban decentralization.
The advent of the automobile further exacerbated sprawl and separation of land uses.

Characterized as the uncontrolled growth on the periphery of cities.
Features low-density residential areas, single-use zoning, and increased reliance on automobiles.
Environmental degradation often results from sprawl, including wildlife and habitat loss due to economic interests.

Walkability: Residents should access essential services within a five-minute walk; investments in sidewalks and narrower streets are essential.
De-emphasis on Cars: Strategies include relocating garages behind homes and prioritizing on-street parking, minimizing large parking lots.
Mixed-Use Development: Encourages diversity in building styles, sizes, prices, and functions; small homes can coexist with larger ones, and residential spaces may include commercial areas.
Community Focus: High-density developments must incorporate parks, open spaces, and communal gathering areas to strengthen social connections.