Social Studies Grade 8 Our Worldviews Chapter 3 Review PDF

## Social Studies Grade 8 Our Worldviews Chapter 3 Review ### Chapter 3: How Did the Western Worldview Grow Out of the Renaissance? #### Review 1. **Match the words and phrases in the box with their meanings.** | Word/Phrase | Meaning | |---|---| | cartography | the science of mapmaking | | cir...

## Social Studies Grade 8 Our Worldviews Chapter 3 Review ### Chapter 3: How Did the Western Worldview Grow Out of the Renaissance? #### Review 1. **Match the words and phrases in the box with their meanings.** | Word/Phrase | Meaning | |---|---| | cartography | the science of mapmaking | | circumnavigate | to travel around the whole of the Earth | | conscript | to force someone to join or enlist | | consumerism | focusing on collecting and using material goods or products | | ethnocentrism | a belief that one's own culture or race is superior to others | | expansionism | a government policy encouraging territorial or economic expansion to other countries, often by force | | imperialism | the policy of a country or empire to extend its authority or domination by political, economic, or military means | | indigenous | referring to the original inhabitants of a region | | literate | able to read and write | | mercenary | selling services for money, especially military services | | nation | a group of people, mainly of common descent, history, and language, often forming a state or inhabiting a territory | | inflation | an increase in prices and a decrease in the purchasing power of money | 2. **Each of the sentences tells about some aspect of the Western worldview. Match one or more with each cause. Also, you may put the same letter on more than one space.** | Sentence | Cause | |---|---| | The Protestant Reformation led to the establishment of the Protestant Churches, which include the Lutherans, Presbyterians, Anglicans, Huegenots, and Calvinists. People began to appreciate that there was more than one religious alternative to Catholicism. | a | | People began to see themselves as citizens of a country and became more willing to give their allegiance to the monarchs. | b, f, h, j | | Travel writers during the sixteenth century created interest in parts of the world previously unknown to Europeans. | d, i | | Citizens wanted more luxury goods and felt it was necessary to explore the world to get them. | c, d, i | | Europeans felt their cultures were superior to those of the Indigenous people they encountered. Europeans felt it was God's will that they dominate the Indigenous people and use the resources they found. | c, l | | People saw the importance of common national languages unified citizens | g, k | | New knowledge revealed that the Earth is spherical in shape and not disc-like in shape. This meant that sailors could travel west on the Atlantic Ocean to reach the Far East. | g, k | | People appreciated the need for governments to establish military forces, which were paid for by taxes levied by the government. | h | | More and more Europeans were becoming wealthy, resulting in increased consumerism. | i | | It was important for there to be centralized laws and rules set in place by the king and his court. | j | | New navigational equipment and better ships allowed European countries to explore many unknown places in search of resources. | k | | Europeans felt that the cultures of the Indigenous peoples they encountered were inferior to those of Europeans. They decided it was only right to try to make the Indigenous peoples adopt European traditions and customs. | l | 3. **Put a check mark (√) beside the sentence that are true.** - √ Up until the 1500s most people did not question the teachings and practices of Roman Catholic Church. - √ Different interpretations of the Bible led to the formation of many different Protestant religions. - √ National identities and citizenships developed as smaller kingdoms joined together. - √ Having a common language helped the people of a country develop a national identity. - √ More middle and upper class people became literate, which helped them to learn more about their society's history. - √ When people of a country paid taxes to pay for a permanent military, roads, and public buildings, they took more pride in their country. - The invention of the printing press had no significant effect on the development of ethnocentrism in European cultures. - √ An increase of the value of material goods changed the social system in some European countries. - European countries wanted to expand their territories strictly because they thought this would benefit the Indigenous peoples who inhabited the new lands. - √ During the Renaissance, expansionism was more common in the Western European countries than in the Eastern European countries. - Most Europeans did not admire the spirit of adventure that all explorers seemed have. - √ More knowledge of the world, better maps, better navigational instruments, and better ships were all reasons why expansionism increased during the Renaissance. - √ During the Renaissance, European countries engaged in imperialism because the resources from the newly dominated lands would increase their wealth. - Most Indigenous people did not feel ethnocentric. - In general, Europeans encouraged Indigenous peoples to continue with their traditions and customs. - The Western worldview was not affected by interactions with Indigenous peoples.