Anaemia- It's Prevention and Management.pptx

Anaemia- It’s Prevention and Management What is Anaemia? Anemia is characterized by a deficiency in healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin, the iron- rich protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body. Based on haemoglobin value, the severity of anaemia can be graded as mild,...

Anaemia- It’s Prevention and Management What is Anaemia? Anemia is characterized by a deficiency in healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin, the iron- rich protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body. Based on haemoglobin value, the severity of anaemia can be graded as mild, moderate, and sever.  GENERAL SYMPTOMS:- tiredness, easy fatigability, muscular weakness, lethargy, headache. For older patients: there may be cardiac failure, angina pectoris, confusion, and visual disturbances. SIGNS:- *Pallor (in skin) *CVS (collapsing pulse, tachycardia) *CNS (faintness, dizziness, numbness) *Ocular manifestation (hemorrhages) *Menstrual disturbances *Renal system *Gastrointestinal system (anorexia, nausea, weight loss  Management of Anaemia Blood transfusion is a common, safe medical procedure in which healthy blood is given to you through an intravenous (IV) line that has been inserted in one of your blood vessel. Blood transfusions replace blood that is lost through surgery or injury, or they provide blood it if your body is not making it properly.  A bone (or blood) marrow transplant, also called a hematopoietic stem cell transplant, replaces faulty blood-forming stem cells with healthy cells. Blood or bone marrow transplants are usually performed in a hospital. Often, you must stay in the hospital for one to two weeks before the transplant to prepare. You also will receive special medicines and possibly radiation to destroy your abnormal stem cells and to weaken your immune system so that it won’t reject the donor cells after the transplant Treatment of Anaemia 1) Sideroblastic Anaemia : The treatment of the sideroblastic anaemia is primarily based on removal of offending agent. No definite treatment is available for hereditary or idiopathic types of sideroblastic anaemia However, pyridoxine is administered routinely to all types sideroblastic anaemia. 2) Thalassemia - Patients with B - Thalassaemia minor do not have any specific treatment However, they should be explained about the genetic implications of the disorder , particularly to those of child bearing age. Prevention: Since it is an inheritable disease, it’s prevention is possible by making an antenatal diagnosis. 3) Aplastic Anaemia: Patients with mild aplastic anaemia may show a spontaneous recovery, while management of severe aplastic anaemia is the most challenging task In general, younger patients show better response to proper treatment. The broad outlines of the treatment are: 1. General management 2. Specific treatment