aging nutrition.pptx

Lecture #9 Physiological Changes 0f Old Age People Lecturer Summar Fatima Food Science And Nutrition COMSTS University Islamabad, Sahiwal Campus 08/08/2024 1  OLD AGE Old...

Lecture #9 Physiological Changes 0f Old Age People Lecturer Summar Fatima Food Science And Nutrition COMSTS University Islamabad, Sahiwal Campus 08/08/2024 1  OLD AGE Old age is best defined as age of retirement that is 60 years and above. Nutrition for old age is known as Geriatric Nutrition. Aging brings physiological, psychological and immunological changes which influence the nutritional status. 08/08/2024 2  Geriatrics: the branch of the medicine dealing with health problems of the elderly i.e. delaying the onset of severely degenerating aspects of aging and treating the disease of the aged. Gerontology: Broad area of science concerned with all the psychological, social, economic, physiological and medical problem of elderly. 08/08/2024 3 C HANGES ASSOCIATED W I T H AGEING Physiological Changes Socio Psychological Changes 08/08/2024 4  Physiological changes Cardiovascular System  Reduced blood vessel elasticity, blood volume, stroke volume output  Increased arterial stiffening, blood pressure Endocrine System  Reduced levels of estrogen, testosterone  Decreased secretion of growth hormone  Increase in cortisol (stress hormone)  Reduced glucose tolerance  Reduced levels of thyroid gland secretions  Decreased ability to convert provitamin D to vitamin D in skin 08/08/2024 5  Cont.… Musculoskeletal System  Reduced lean body mass (bone mass, muscle, water)  Increased fat mass  Decreased resting metabolic rate  Reduced work capacity (strength) Renal System Reduced number of nephrons Slowed glomerular filtration rate Respiratory System Reduced breathing capacity Reduced work capacity (endurance) 08/08/2024 6  Cont.…. Gastrointestinal System  Reduced secretion of saliva and of mucus  Missing or poorly fitting teeth  Dysphagia, or difficulty in swallowing  Damaged, less-efficient mitochondria produce less ATP, less energy  Reduced secretion of hydrochloric acid and digestive enzymes  Slower peristalsis  Reduced vitamin B12 absorption 08/08/2024 7  Nervous System  Blunted appetite regulation  Blunted thirst regulation  Declining number of olfactory receptors, blood flow to nasal, smell organ, and increased thickness of nasal mucus  Reduced nerve conduction velocity, affecting sense of smell, taste, touch, cognition  Changed sleep as the wake cycle becomes shorter 08/08/2024 8  Socio Psychological Changes Food habit Economic aspects Lonelines s 08/08/2024 9  Socio Psychological Changes Lack of nutritional knowledge Depressio n Anxiety 08/08/2024 10  Socio Psychological Changes Loss of self- esteem Loss of independence 08/08/2024 11 Comparison of young and.adult body composition 08/08/2024 12