HOA-1 PDF: Ancient Architecture Questions

1. What do you call the large stone that has been used to construct a structure or monument, either alone or together with other stones. 2. Primitive Indian structure of joined logs. 3. Wedge-shaped writing and was a great achievement because it allowed information to be transfe...

1. What do you call the large stone that has been used to construct a structure or monument, either alone or together with other stones. 2. Primitive Indian structure of joined logs. 3. Wedge-shaped writing and was a great achievement because it allowed information to be transferred from place to place with accuracy. 4. Also knows as the Audience Hall of Persepolis, belongs to the oldest building phase of the palace complex 5. A series of irrigated ornamental gardens planted on the terraces of the Citadel, the palace complex in ancient Babylon: regarded as one of the Seven Wonders of the World. 6. A monumental stone sculpture of human headed, winged bulls or lions that guarded the entrances to the Mesopotamian palaces and temples 7. The pyramid in Gizeh near the Great Sphinx 8. The temple dedicated to Amun, the Egyptian god of sun and air, but also a place for ancient Egyptians to worship Osiris, Isis, and Ptah, making it one of the most sacred landmarks in the country. 9. A characteristic cornice of Egyptian buildings, consisting of a large cavetto decorated with vertical leaves and a roll molding below 10. A small chamber inside the mastaba containing the statue of the deceased 11. A narrow rock-cut corridor in an ancient Egyptian temple 12. These are rows of monsters (body of lion, head of man, hawk, ram). It usually leads to a monument 13. A raised passageway ceremonially connecting the valley temple with an ancient Egyptian pyramid 14. He is considered to have been the architect of the step pyramid of Djoser built at the necropolis of Ṣaqqārah in the city of Memphis. 15. An example of rock-cut temple with 4 rock-cut colossal statues of Rameses sitting over 20 m high 16. A monumental gateway to an ancient Egyptian temple, consisting either of a pair of tall truncated pyramids and a doorway between them or of such masonry mass pierced with a doorway, often decorated with painted reliefs. 17. Greek dwelling-type whose open courtyard is surrounded by colonnades on all sides, often more luxurious 18. The fortified high area or citadel of an ancient Greek city. 19. The flat slab forming the top of a column capital, plain in the Doric style, but molded or otherwise enriched in other styles 20. A historic burial ground, esp. a large, elaborate one of an ancient city. 21. A monumental gateway to a sacred enclosure, fortification, town or square. 22. The sacred area or enclosure a classical Greek temple 23. A course of masonry forming the foundation for a row of columns, esp. the outermost colonnade of a classical temple 24. Double line of columns surrounding naos 25. A Men’s dining room where social events with food and wine held 26. In classical architecture, referring to a temple or building which has a row of columns carrying a portico in front of the main entrance, but not along the sides and rear. 27. A carved statue if a draped female figure which functions as a column 28. In Greek architecture, it is designed for the presentation of plays in which choral songs and dances were prominent features 29. A public town hall for the citizens of ancient Greece, containing state banquet halls and hospitality suites 30. An aisle between the lower and upper tiers of seats in an ancient Greek theater, concentric with the orchestra and the outer wall and communicating with the radial aisles. 31. ‘Basket-carrying’; carved statuesque column of a draped female figure carrying a basket, or with a basket on her head 32. A decorative motif consisting of a series of long, rounded, parallel grooves, as one on the shaft of a classical column 33. A replica of wooden pins driven through mutules to secure roof boarding 34. The principal chamber; enclosed part of the temple where the cult image was kept 35. An oval or round building with tiers of seats around a central arena, as those used in Rome for gladiatorial contests and spectacles 36. What order is the column used in the second storey of colosseum? 37. A semicircular space in the front of the stage of an ancient Roman theater, reserved for senators and other distinguished spectators 38. An arched structure of stone, brick, or reinforced concrete, forming a ceiling or roof over a hall, room, or other wholly or partially enclosed space. 39. A classical Roman marble paving using varying sized and shaped pieces. 40. A roof opening in an ancient Roman House, though which rainwater discharged into a cistern in the atrium beneath it. 41. In classical architecture, a civic square in a Roman city, used as a meeting or market place and for public events. 42. A classical Roman masonry made of rough stones set in mortar 43. The main central space of a Roman amphitheater or circus, or of a bullring, often sanded. 44. The shop or workshop in classical Roman dwellings. 45. The dignitary seating in ancient Roman stages and spectator structures 46. A Roman building-type, rectangular in shape with an apse at either end, used as a court of justice and an exchange 47. Roman masonry and concrete tenement block for the laboring classes, often a multi-storey structure with commercial premises and workshops (tabernae) at street level; originally the plot of land bounded by urban streets, on which one was built 48. An area in thermae with lukewarm baths 49. Column used in the 4th storey of colosseum 50. A large classical Roman country house with an estate; originally divided into two parts, the pars urbana, or living area and pars rustica or working area 51. An ornamental bracket, usually in the form of a scroll with acanthus, used in series beneath the corona of a Corinthian, Composite, or Roman Ionic cornice. 52. He is known to be the architect of Pantheon Rome, the world’s largest unreinforced concrete dome. 53. The simplest among the five orders, it has base, unfluted shaft, molded capital, plain entablature 54. These are the wedge-shaped units in a masonry arch or vault, having side cuts converging at one of the arch centers 55. The forecourt of an early Christian church, flanked or surrounded by porticoes. 56. The portico before the nave of an early Christian or Byzantine church, appropriated to penitents. 57. A room in the church where sacred vessels and vestments are kept. 58. A covered walk having an arcade or colonnade on one side opening onto a courtyard. 59. A screen or partition on which icons are placed, separating the bema from the nave. 60. An enclosed area in front of a cathedral or church, typically one that is surrounded with colonnades or porticoes. 61. The outer vestibule of an orthodox or early Christian church, that adjacent to the entrance 62. The table in a Christian church upon which the Eucharist, the sacrament celebrating Christ’s last supper is celebrated. Also called communion table. 63. Part of an Early Christian church reserved for the choir, or liturgical singers; often a raised platform surrounded by a low balustrade 64. A spherical triangle forming the transition from the circular plan of a dome to the polygonal plan of its supporting structure 65. In Greek it means “Sacred Wisdom” “Holy Wisdom”. Constructed to symbolize Justinian’s imperial power and still show his Christian beliefs 66. Now a museum, famous for its good acoustics inside and used for concert performances. It also means Holy peace 67. The following are the Islamic features of Hagia Sophia when it was converted into mosques except one 68. This is the smallest building in the world called the cathedral also known as “The Little Metropole in Athens” 69. It has the largest number of Byzantine mosaics in Istanbul after the Hagia Sophia and Chora Church. It is one of the most famous Greek Orthodox Byzantine churches in Istanbul, Turkey 70. Its facades and adjoining streets were faced with blue glazed bricks and ornamented with figures of heraldic animals-lions, bulls, and dragons