Planning Crops and Developing Propagation Protocols PDF
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Mindanao State University
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Summary
This document provides comprehensive information on planning crops and developing propagation protocols. It covers key components, including understanding seed dormancy, growth phases, and scheduling. The document also details the importance of detailed record-keeping in nursery operations for better yields and quality.
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PLANNING CROPS AND DEVELOPING PROPAGATION PROTOCOLS =================================================== a. Identify the seed dormancy of each species and apply treatments to overcome dormancy so that a reasonably uniform crop develops within a target timeframe. b. Understand the three gr...
PLANNING CROPS AND DEVELOPING PROPAGATION PROTOCOLS =================================================== a. Identify the seed dormancy of each species and apply treatments to overcome dormancy so that a reasonably uniform crop develops within a target timeframe. b. Understand the three growth phases crops go through (establishment, rapid growth, and hardening) and the distinct requirements for each phase. c. Develop growing schedules for crop production from propagule procurement from out-planting and detail changes as the growing cycle progresses. d. List space, labour, equipment, and supplies required to support the crop during the three growth stages. e. Keep written records, including a daily log and plant development record. f. Develop and record accurate propagation protocols so that success can be replicated next time. - Invaluable resource for crop planning and scheduling. - Beneficial for improving nursery productivity and seedling quality over time. - Useful for teaching and sharing information about the plants to clients, the public, or nursery staff. - A way to preserve and perpetuate propagation information. #### 3.1. Key Planning Components i. Determine available growing space. ii. Plan crop layout in the nursery based on the number of plants required. iii. Schedule seed treatment and plot planting. iv. Schedule pot treatment. v. Determine a growing schedule to meet a target date of delivery for "finished plants." #### 3.2. Crop Growth Phases ##### Table 1. The three phases of crop development for seedlings (Landis et al., 1999)[^1^](#fn1){#fnref1.footnote-ref} {#table-1.-the-three-phases-of-crop-development-for-seedlings-landis-et-al.-1999} +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | Aspect | Establishment | Rapid growth | | | | | Hardening | | +=================+=================+=================+=================+ | | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | | | | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | | - Maximize | - Minimize | - Stop shoot | | | uniform | stress | growth | | | germination | | | | | | - Encourage | - Encourage | | | - Fill | shoot | root and | | | containers | growth | stem | | | efficiently | | diameter | | | | - Maintain | growth | | | - Maximize | environment | | | | survival | al | - Bring | | | | factors | seedling | | | - Minimize | near | into | | | damping off | optimum | dormancy | | | | | | | | | | - Acclimate | | | | | to natural | | | | - Monitor as | environment | | | | seedling | | | | | approaches | - Condition | | | | target | to endure | | | | height and | stress | | | | roots fully | | | | | occupy | - Fortify for | | | | container | survival | | | | | after | | | | | out-plantin | | | | | g | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | | - Protect | - Protect | - Induce | | | from | from stress | moderate | | | weather | | moisture | | | | - Optimize | stress | | | - Keep temps | temperature | | | | optimal | s | - Decrease | | | | | temperature | | | - Irrigate to | - Irrigate | s | | | keep | regularly | | | | "moist, but | | - Reduce | | | not wet" | - Fertilize | photoperiod | | | | properly | ---Expose | | | - No or low | | to ambient | | | fertilizer | | temperature | | | | | s | | | | | and | | | | | humidity | | | | | | | | | | - Reduce | | | | | fertilizati | | | | | on | | | | | rates and | | | | | change | | | | | mineral | | | | | nutrient | | | | | ratios | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ | | - Scout for | - Scout for | - Scout for | | | pests and | pests and | pests and | | | diseases | diseases | diseases | | | | | | | | - Monitor | - Monitor | - Monitor | | | germination | environment | crops and | | | | | environment | | | - Introduce | - Modify | carefully; | | | beneficial | density of | | | | microorgani | crops to | - Deliver | | | sms | encourage | crop to | | | | good | client in | | | - Thin | development | timely | | | | | fashion to | | | - Resow | - Adjust | avoid | | | and/or | culture to | problems | | | transplant | avoid | with | | | if | excessive | holdover | | | necessary | shoot | stock. | | | | height | | +-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+ ###### 3.2.1. Establishment ###### 3.2.2. Rapid Growth ###### 3.2.3. Hardening #### 3.3. Problems with Holdover Stock and Improper Scheduling ::: {.section.footnotes} ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. ::: {#fn1} Landis, T.D.; Tinus, R.W.; Barnett, J.P. 1999.The container tree nursery manual: volume 6, seedling propagation. Agriculture Handbook 674.Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service.167 p.[↩](#fnref1){.footnote-back} ::: :::
