Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary goal of identifying seed dormancy in crop planning?
What is the primary goal of identifying seed dormancy in crop planning?
- To minimize water usage in the nursery
- To create a uniform crop within a target timeframe (correct)
- To increase the variety of species grown
- To ensure soil health during planting
Which phase of crop growth is characterized by rapid plant development and resource needs?
Which phase of crop growth is characterized by rapid plant development and resource needs?
- Rapid growth phase (correct)
- Seed dormancy phase
- Hardening phase
- Establishment phase
When developing a growing schedule for crop production, which factor is crucial to consider?
When developing a growing schedule for crop production, which factor is crucial to consider?
- Establishing the local market price
- Determining a target date for finished plants (correct)
- Choosing the type of equipment for sale
- Selecting the nursery staff sizes
What should be included in written records during crop production?
What should be included in written records during crop production?
In crop planning, why is it important to list space, labour, equipment, and supplies?
In crop planning, why is it important to list space, labour, equipment, and supplies?
What is the primary goal during the establishment phase of crop development?
What is the primary goal during the establishment phase of crop development?
Which of the following actions is NOT recommended during the hardening phase?
Which of the following actions is NOT recommended during the hardening phase?
What should be minimized during the rapid growth phase to maintain optimal conditions?
What should be minimized during the rapid growth phase to maintain optimal conditions?
During the establishment phase, how should seedlings be protected from weather conditions?
During the establishment phase, how should seedlings be protected from weather conditions?
What is a key monitoring action during the establishment phase?
What is a key monitoring action during the establishment phase?
What is encouraged during the rapid growth phase to enhance seedling development?
What is encouraged during the rapid growth phase to enhance seedling development?
What should be the focus when seedlings reach their target height during the hardening phase?
What should be the focus when seedlings reach their target height during the hardening phase?
Why is it important to monitor the environment during the rapid growth phase?
Why is it important to monitor the environment during the rapid growth phase?
What is an appropriate action to take if abnormal germination rates are observed in the establishment phase?
What is an appropriate action to take if abnormal germination rates are observed in the establishment phase?
What should be done regarding fertilization during the establishment phase?
What should be done regarding fertilization during the establishment phase?
Which practice is essential to ensure seedlings are prepared for out-planting during the hardening phase?
Which practice is essential to ensure seedlings are prepared for out-planting during the hardening phase?
During the rapid growth phase, what should be monitored closely to promote optimal conditions?
During the rapid growth phase, what should be monitored closely to promote optimal conditions?
Which condition is recommended to protect seedlings from stress during the rapid growth phase?
Which condition is recommended to protect seedlings from stress during the rapid growth phase?
What action is crucial while introducing beneficial microorganisms during the establishment phase?
What action is crucial while introducing beneficial microorganisms during the establishment phase?
Flashcards
Establishment Phase
Establishment Phase
The initial period of a plant's life where it establishes roots and begins to grow.
Rapid Growth Phase
Rapid Growth Phase
The period when a plant experiences rapid growth and development, maximizing its size and strength.
Hardening Phase
Hardening Phase
The final phase where a plant matures and prepares for dormancy or reproduction.
Crop Production Schedule
Crop Production Schedule
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Propagation Protocols
Propagation Protocols
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Damping Off
Damping Off
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Uniform Germination
Uniform Germination
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Filling Containers Efficiently
Filling Containers Efficiently
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Encourage Shoot Growth (Rapid Growth Phase)
Encourage Shoot Growth (Rapid Growth Phase)
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Protect from Weather (Establishment Phase)
Protect from Weather (Establishment Phase)
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Optimal Temperatures (Establishment Phase)
Optimal Temperatures (Establishment Phase)
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Irrigate Properly (Establishment and Rapid Growth)
Irrigate Properly (Establishment and Rapid Growth)
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Fertilize Properly (Establishment and Rapid Growth)
Fertilize Properly (Establishment and Rapid Growth)
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Adjust Crop Density (Rapid Growth)
Adjust Crop Density (Rapid Growth)
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Induce Moderate Moisture Stress (Hardening)
Induce Moderate Moisture Stress (Hardening)
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Decrease Temperature (Hardening)
Decrease Temperature (Hardening)
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Reduce Photoperiod (Hardening)
Reduce Photoperiod (Hardening)
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Study Notes
Planning Crops and Developing Propagation Protocols
- Crop planning is essential to deliver high-quality plants on time
- Key components include:
- Identifying seed dormancy and applying treatments
- Understanding the three growth phases (establishment, rapid growth, hardening) and their distinct needs
- Developing growing schedules from propagule procurement to final production, including changes in the growing cycle
- Listing resources (space, labor, equipment, supplies) needed during the three growth stages
- Maintaining accurate records (daily logs, plant development records, propagation protocols) for replication
- Exact record-keeping is crucial for nursery management, especially for species-specific and site-specific knowledge about seed treatments, germination, and unique crop needs
- Benefits of good record-keeping include:
- Invaluable resources for crop planning and scheduling
- Improving nursery productivity and seedling quality over time
- Useful tools for teaching and sharing information about plants
- Preserving and perpetuating propagation information
- Planning the schedule, management practices, and facilities for each crop are essential for maximizing seedling growth and quality
- Key planning components for plant nurseries:
- Determining available growing space
- Planning crop layout based on the number of plants
- Scheduling seed treatment, plot planting, and pot treatment
Crop Growth Phases
- Understanding crop growth phases is crucial for planning
- Crops have three phases:
- Establishment: From germination through leaf development (14-21 days to several weeks)
- Goal: Maximize uniform germination, fill containers effectively, maximize survival, and minimize damping off
- Needs: Protection from weather, optimal temperatures, irrigation to keep moist but not wet, little to no fertilizer
- Rapid growth: From emergence to a target size (often 10-20 weeks)
- Goal: Encourage shoot growth, maintain ideal environmental factors, monitor as target size approaches
- Needs: Optimize temperatures, regular irrigation, proper fertilization
- Hardening (or Conditioning): Transition from rapid growth to dormancy to prepare seedlings for stress (varies widely by species)
- Goal: Encourage Root and stem diameter growth, acclimate to natural environment, fortify for survival.
- Needs: Decrease temperatures, reduce photoperiod, decrease moisture stress
- Establishment: From germination through leaf development (14-21 days to several weeks)
Labour and Problems in Scheduling
- Labour considerations include pest and disease scouting, monitoring germination, beneficial microorganism introduction, thinning, resowing, and transplanting
- Problems with holdover stock:
- Clients not picking up plants on time
- Plant coming out of dormancy, growth from stress, and loss of resistance is possible
- Holding plants too long can lead to woody roots, root issues like spiraling, and inability of plants to take in water and crucial nutrients making them vulnerable to wind and damage
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