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# The Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution refers to a series of events between 1450 CE and 1800 CE. This signalled a change from the subsistence and stagnation of Medieval Europe to a dynamic and worldwide system of commerce. The Industrial Revolution refers to the expansion of trade an...

# The Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution refers to a series of events between 1450 CE and 1800 CE. This signalled a change from the subsistence and stagnation of Medieval Europe to a dynamic and worldwide system of commerce. The Industrial Revolution refers to the expansion of trade and large-scale production, which led to the consolidation of the European economy and the shift in power of European political systems. - European markets begun with new commodities and textiles from the East. - Banking services became an important commercial revolution. - New commercial revolution brought about a change in the middle classes who became very powerful, resulting in changes in social relationships, and new forms of culture. - The Industrial Revolution took place in the 18th century, which brought about a change in the social and lives of the people, first in other countries and then other continents. During the Industrial Revolution, new technology was discovered that could produce goods on a large scale between 1760 and 1830. * A series of inventions of tools and techniques and organization of production took place. * This gave rise to the factory system of production. * There was a change in economy from feudal to capitalist system of production. This period is known as the Industrial Revolution, which led to enormous upheaval in Western society, which affected sociologists immensely, including Auguste Comte, Emile Durkheim, Karl Marx, Max Weber and George Simmel. A class of capitalists emerged that controlled the industrial system. This revolution moved society from age-old handmade goods to 'new age' machine-made goods. The Industrial Revolution affected society to a great extent. ## The Guild System The Guild System was a particular type of productive system that peaked in the 13th Century in Europe. ## The French Revolution The French revolution is a series of political revolutions that started with the French Revolution in 1789. The immediate factors that led to the emergence of Sociology were the disorder and chaos in society, particularly in French society. - The closure of the guild system, introduction of the factory system, division of labor work, migration from rural to urban areas, class system, labour organization, economic inequality, and the democratic pattern were all outcomes of the industrial revolution. - Large numbers of people migrated to urban areas to work in factories. - Large industrial bureaucracies rose to provide services to industries and the emerging capitalist economic system. - Capitalism led to a free marketplace where many products of the industrial system could be exchanged. - The French Revolution was responsible for the disorder and chaos in society. - People sought to find a new basis of order in society. They came together to restore order to society. * Many of them sought to find a new basis of order in society. ## The Industrial Revolution The themes of this revolution that concerned early sociologists were: * The conditions of workers * The transformation of property * Urbanization