IMG_3486.jpeg

# Reviewer in Science 10 ## Endangered Species * When a species is at high risk of extinction, it poses significant threats to ecological balance, human well-being, and economic stability. * Endangered species is a species that is very likely to become extinct in the near future, either worldwide...

# Reviewer in Science 10 ## Endangered Species * When a species is at high risk of extinction, it poses significant threats to ecological balance, human well-being, and economic stability. * Endangered species is a species that is very likely to become extinct in the near future, either worldwide or in a particular political jurisdiction. * The capturing, killing, and poaching of animals is strictly prohibited in these regions. They aim at providing a comfortable living to the animals – Habitat protection for wildlife. ## Biodiversity * Temperature range, soil type, and the amount of light and water are unique to a particular place and form the niches for specific species, allowing scientists to define the biome. Tropical rainforest forests near the equator that receive over 100 inches of rain a year and maintain. * The richness of species biodiversity across different ecosystems is essential for ecosystem stability and resilience, providing critical services such as pollination, nutrient cycling, and habitat provision for various organisms. The variety of plant and animal species in an area. * Biodiversity is a critical aspect of environmental health and stability, encompassing the variety of life forms in a particular ecosystem. Climate diversity is defined as the variety of climate on certain places or biomes. ## Speciation * It occurs when groups in a species become reproductively isolated and diverge. In allopatric speciation, groups from an ancestral population evolve into separate species due to a period of geographical separation. The evolution of new species from existing ones. * Adaptation – the evolutionary process whereby an organism becomes better able to live in its habitat. * Stabilizing selection tends to remove the more severe phenotypes, resulting in the reproductive success of the norm or average phenotypes. ## Other Concepts * **ADH:** Regulates water balance in the body * **Luteinizing Hormones:** Responsible in the menstrual cycle when your ovary releases an egg (ovum). Once an egg leaves your ovary, it travels down your fallopian tube where it waits to be fertilized by sperm. * **Allopatric speciation:** In allopatric speciation, groups from an ancestral population evolve into separate species due to a period of geographical separation. The evolution of new species from existing ones. * **Natural selection:** A process by which organisms with advantageous traits survive and reproduce. * **Biodiversity Goals:** The goal of Biodiversity to maintain ecosystem stability and sustainability. * **Invasive species:** Invasive species are capable of causing extinctions of native plants and animals, reducing biodiversity. A species introduced to a new area that negatively affects native species. * **Protein synthesis:** The protein-making machinery reads the mRNA sequence and translates each three-base codon into its corresponding amino acid in a growing protein chain. To carry genetic information from DNA to the ribosome. * **RNA in Protein synthesis:** RNA is involved in protein synthesis. The purpose of a codon in mRNA codes for a specific amino acid. Transcription, which enzyme synthesizes RNA from a DNA template – RNA Polymerase. * **Parasympathetic response:** Parasympathetic response is part of the autonomic nervous system that promotes a state of rest and relaxation in the body. It is often referred to as the "rest-and-digest" system. It is the fight or flight system. * **MSH:** Melanocytes – release hormones into the bloodstream. This lets the hormones travel to cells in other parts of the body. * **Female Reproductive System:** Shows the correct pathway of the egg cells as it courses its way out the female reproductive system – ovaries -> fallopian tube -> uterus -> cervix -> vagina. * **Hormones:** The statement does not exhibit the role of hormones involved in female reproductive system. Corpus luteum triggers the development of secondary female characteristics. Read the role of Estrogen and Progesterone. * **DNA vs. RNA:** DNA vs. RNA. Fossilized ammonite which was formed from the accumulation and compaction of (SEDIMENTARY ROCKS) processes is conducted by the scientists to restrict enzymes and cleave one organism's DNA into fragments and other enzymes to splice these fragments into plasmids or viral DNA – Recombinant DNA. They help scientists understand how life began and evolved in a drastically different environment compared to today in Pre Cambrian Era. * **Homologous Structures:** Homologous structures – example of this is flipper of whale and forelimb of cat. Theory of Use of Disuse proposed by Lamarck– Body structure develop because they are used extensively. They have a common ancestor and have the same kind of proteins. These similarities can be analyzed through the study of amino acid sequences and genetic codes, revealing the degree of relatedness among species.