Notes on Personality and Data Types PDF

Notes September 16, 2024 1:54 PM - Personality: explains why people act, think, and feel they way they do ○ Trait: a characteristic about you ▪ Empirical: - Nomothetically: how people normally act ○ When studying a group of people ○ Looking for an ass...

Notes September 16, 2024 1:54 PM - Personality: explains why people act, think, and feel they way they do ○ Trait: a characteristic about you ▪ Empirical: - Nomothetically: how people normally act ○ When studying a group of people ○ Looking for an association between variables - Ideographically: when you do an intense case study on an individual ○ Why is this person different from everyone else? ○ Done through case studies - 4 Types of data: L.O.T.S. ○ L data: life outcome ▪ Demographic data □ Anything that can be found in someone's public records ○ O data: observer report ▪ Naturalistic vs Artificial □ Artificial: you want to control the conditions but you know the person in the study knows its not real ○ T data: test ▪ Has a right and wrong answer ▪ Intelligence tests are the exception ▪ Less variance in data with people who are open to experiences ▪ Self monitoring: modify their behavior to give off the best impression ▪ Psychological data: watch people's reactions to stimuli / events taking place ▪ Projective: anything with a scoring key falls under Test Data □ Ambiguous stimuli ○ S data: self report ▪ Info provided by the individual directly ▪ Structured and Unstructured ▪ Social desirability: presenting your responses in a desirable manner ▪ Faking: consciously altering your responses □ Faking good □ Faking bad - Measurement issues: ○ Reliability: ▪ Reliability = Consistency ▪ Types: □ Test retest reliability: Only if you're expecting the same score every time □ Inter rater reliability: Have 2 individuals rating the same thing □ Internal consistency reliability: Are the items responding the same way ○ Validity ○ Generalizability: the measure retains validity across different contexts Week 2 Page 1