9 Westward Expansion PDF

9-Westword expansion. West word expansion. Gold rush, 1849 – resulted in an increase in Westward migration. Led to the growth of the populations of California and the western territories. Homestead act 1862-promoted development of western lands by providing free land to settlers. Demonstrated the...

9-Westword expansion. West word expansion. Gold rush, 1849 – resulted in an increase in Westward migration. Led to the growth of the populations of California and the western territories. Homestead act 1862-promoted development of western lands by providing free land to settlers. Demonstrated the federal governments commitment to the settlement of western territories. Most directly affected the great plains. Pacific (transcontinental act) railway act 1862 In the second half of the 1800s, the federal government encourage the building of the transcontinental railroads by giving land to the railroad companies. Manifest destiny – idea that the US should possess the entire continent. Used to support westward expansion of the US to the Pacific Ocean. Used as an excuse to expand into lands claimed by other nations. Led to the annexation of Texas, and the Mexican war. During the 1840s abolitionist (people who wanted to make slavery illegal) opposed annexation of new western territories because they feared the admission of new slave states. Major abolitionist – William Lloyd, garrison, Harriet Tubman, Harriet, Beecher Stowe. Territorial expansion led to increased tensions over slavery. (should the new territories be open to slavery?). Missouri compromise 1820/Compromise of 1850/Kansas-Nebraska act 1854 – all were efforts to settle disputes over the spread of slavery to the western territories. The debate was whether the new states admitted to the union would be free or slave states. Rapid migration caused by the discovery of gold in California led to the compromise. Missouri compromise 1820 a law that admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state to maintain the balance of power in Congress between slave and free states: Compromise of 1850 a series of five laws that attempted to resolve the issue of slavery in new territories acquired after the Mexican-American War: Kansas-Nebraska act 1854 A law passed in 1854 that created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska, and allowed the people living in each territory to decide whether or not to permit slavery Popular sovereignty – the idea the settlers have the rights to decide whether slavery would be legal in their new territory or not. Set up by the Kansas-Nebraska act. Dred Scott versus Sanford, 1857 – Supreme Court decision which ruled that Congress could not ban slavery in the territories. Plantations- large farms (sometimes the lengths of three football fields) in the south that used slave labor. Slavery became more widespread in the south than in the north, because geographic factors contributed to the growth of the southern plantation system. Slavery expanded in the south in the first half of the 1800s because the new inventions lead to an increase in cotton production. Bleeding Kansas – phrase used to describe clashes between proslavery and anti-slavery groups. Uncle Tom’s cabin – written by Harriet Beecher Stowe. Book describing slavery that contributed to the start of the Civil War by intensifying northern dislike of slavery. The Underground Railroad – a secret Network that helped enslaved Africans to escape slave owners and reach free states in the north. Supported by abolitionist and spearheaded by Harriet Tubman, who freed thousands of slaves by going back and forth in the dead of night and following a path of freedom to the north. 1. The homestead act (1862) encouraged the settlement of the west because it provided 1. Forty acres of land and a mule to formally enslaved persons. 2. Land to people who would live on it for at least five years. 3. Mining claims for prospectors seeking gold and silver. 4. Land to company to build transcontinental railroads. 2. Which quotation best represents the idea of manifest destiny? 1. “American interest of best served by strict isolationism.” 2. “The passage of protective tariffs will encourage industrial development.” 3. “Immigration is the key to the nation’s economic growth.” 4. “The United States has a duty to spread American ideals, westward.” 3. One way in which Frederick Douglass, William Lloyd, garrison, and Sojourner truth are similar is that they all supported the 1. Abolitionist movement. 2. Passage of black codes. 3. Nullification theory of state’s rights. 4. Plantation system in the south. 4. The Missouri compromise of 1820 and the compromise of 1850 were attempts by the federal government to 1. Limit immigration from Europe. 2. Reduce the conflict over slavery. 3. Settled border disputes with Mexico. 4. Control the migration of settlers to new western territories. 5. The homestead act of 1862 was important to the expansion of the United States because it provided. 1. Land for agricultural colleges. 2. Assistance to sharecroppers in the south. 3. Friedland to settlers in the west. 4. Land grants for construction of transcontinental railroads.  6. Which heading best completes the partial outline below? I._________________________________ A. Missouri compromise. B. Compromise of 1850. C. Kansas-Nebraska act. 1. Rise of sectionalism. 2. Impact of industrialization. 3. Examples of religious revivalism. 4. Events leading to the Mexican war. 7. The homestead act and grants of land to railroads were used to. 1. Raise money to finance the federal government. 2. Limit the influence of monopolies and trusts. 3. Support the development of state universities. 4. Encourage settlement of the west. Base your answers to question 8 on the speaker’s statements below, and on your knowledge of social studies. Speaker A: the right way to settle. The question of slavery in the territories is to let the people who live there determine if their state is to be a slave or free state. Speaker B: the Supreme Court’s decision in Dred Scott versus Sanford is exactly what this country needs. Perhaps now the abolitionists will stop them meddling. Speaker C: secession is unlawful and treasonous. Everything possible must be done to preserve the union. Speaker D: the rights of the states must be protected. The federal government is exceeding its authority. 8. The solution proposed by speaker eight is known as. 1. Nullification. 2. Popular sovereignty. 3. The spoils system. 4. Federal supremacy. Base your answer to question 9 on the painting below and on your knowledge of social studies. 9. What is the subject of this 1872 painting? 1. Invention of the railroad. 2. Evolution of westward migration. 3. Religious influence of the Puritans. 4. Protection of national parks.  Publication of the liberator Kansas, Nebraska act. Dred Scott decision. 10. The events listed above all contributed to the 1. Outbreak of the Civil War. 2. Formation of the policy of manifest destiny. 3. Passage of the Missouri compromise. 4. Annexation of Texas. 11. Which group benefited most directly from the Supreme Court decision in Dred Scott versus Sanford (1857)? 1. Abolitionist. 2. Immigrants. 3. Slaveowners. 4. Enslaved persons. 12. The principle of popular sovereignty was an important part of the 1. Indian removal act. 2. Kansas, Nebraska act. 3. Homestead act. 4. Dawes act. “Missouri compromise allowed to new states into the union.” “Congress agrees to compromise of 1850.” “Popular sovereignty adapted on the Kansas, Nebraska act.” 13. Which issue was reflected in these headlines? 1. Status of slavery in the territories and states. 2. Growth of agriculture on the Great Plains. 3. Clash of federal and state powers. 4. Conflicts with foreign nations over the west. 14. Both the homes that (1852) and a pacific railway act (1862) were efforts by the federal government to 1. Provide land to minority groups. 2. Resolve conflicts with Native American Indians. 3. Encourage settlement west of the Mississippi river. 4. Support, settlement of former plantation lands. “Uncle Tom’s cabin stairs controversy.” “Kansas rocked by bloody conflict.” “John Brown’s raid anger south.” 15. Which statement about the United States in the 1850s is best supported by these headlines? 1. The nation has grown increasingly divided over the future of slavery. 2. Americans had lost confidence in the plan for reconstruction. 3. Northern southern voters were united in support of popular sovereignty. 4. Support for the abolitionist movement decrease during this period. 16. Most southern political leaders, praise the Supreme Court decision in Dred Scott versus Sanford (1857) because it. 1. Granted citizenship to all the slaved persons. 2. Upheld the principle of popular sovereignty. 3. Supported the right of a state to succeed from the union. 4. Protected the property rights of slaveowners in the territories. 17. The supreme court ruling in Dred Scott versus Sanford, helped to increase sectional conflict because the decision. 1. Denied Congress the power to regulate Slavery in the territories. 2. Allowed for the importation of enslaved persons for 10 years. 3. Prohibited slavery in lands west of the Mississippi river. 4. Gave full citizenship to all enslaved persons. “Compromise enables Maine and Missouri to enter the union.” “California joins the union as part of Compromise of 1850.” “Kansas-Nebraska Act establishes popular sovereignty in the territories.” 18. Which issue is most closely associated with these headlines? 1. Status of slavery in new states. 2. Negotiation of the Oregon treaty. 3. Expansion of land for reservations. 4. Influence of political parties on economic development. The United States in 1821 19. The map illustrates the impact on the United States from the 1. Great compromise. 2. Missouri compromise. 3. Dread Scott decision. 4. Emancipation proclamation 20. Information on the map supports the conclusion that congressional leaders in 1820 and 1821 wanted to. 1. Maintain an equal number of free and slave states. 2. Ban slavery west of the Mississippi River. 3. Bring slavery to the Oregon country. 4. Open territories in the north to slavery.