8122MED - Global Health Challenges (September 2024) - PDF

Global Health Challenges September 2024 Nayer Kaviani Module Lead, Public Health, Community Medicine, and Professional Practice 1 Module Lead (GC), Community Placement, Introduction to Clinical Practice 1 School of Medicine and Dentistry-Griffith University n.kaviani@gr...

Global Health Challenges September 2024 Nayer Kaviani Module Lead, Public Health, Community Medicine, and Professional Practice 1 Module Lead (GC), Community Placement, Introduction to Clinical Practice 1 School of Medicine and Dentistry-Griffith University [email protected]  Learning Goals: List the main global health issues. Recognise the key international organisations and their roles in the global health arena. Describe the different health issues and needs of refugees in the context of their life experiences. List the conditions for which refugees arriving in Australia are screened. Discuss the diversity that exists among different racial and ethnic groups and how this will influence the delivery of effective patient care. School of Medicine and Dentistry-Griffith University Global Health Let’s start with some self assessment questions: ▪ What is Global Health? ▪ Have we always referred to it “Global Health”? ▪ Why Global Health Matters? School of Medicine and Dentistry-Griffith University  What is Global Health? ▪ Global health is the health of populations in a global context ▪ It goes beyond the concerns of individual nations ▪ It is an issue of shared importance that cannot be ignored ▪ It involves many disciplines within and beyond the health sciences ▪ It promotes interdisciplinary collaboration ▪ It is about worldwide improvement of health, reduction of inequalities, and protection against global threats that ignore national borders. School of Medicine and Dentistry-Griffith University Department name (edit in View > Header and Footer...) Global Health-Historical Development Public Health: Developed as a discipline in the mid19th century in UK, Europe and US. Concerned more with national issues. Data and evidence to support action, focus on populations, social justice and equity, emphasis on preventions vs cure. International Health: Developed during past decades, came to be more concerned with the diseases (e.g. tropical diseases) and conditions (war, natural disasters) of middle- and low-income countries. Global Health: More recent in its origin and emphasizes a greater scope of health problems and solutions that transcend national boundaries requiring greater inter- disciplinary approach School of Medicine and Dentistry-Griffith University Planetary Health Planetary health—the youngest concept—has gathered significant momentum since it first appeared in a 2014 commentary in The Lancet. Planetary Health is a solutions-oriented, transdisciplinary field and social movement focused on analysing and addressing the impacts of human disruptions to Earth’s natural systems on human health and all life on Earth. https://www.planetaryhealthalliance.org make changes... ▪ https://youtu.be/atAU0OJWFi0 ▪ https://youtu.be/lw_I7rhn9eY School of Medicine and Dentistry-Griffith University  Planetary Health Our Health Depends on Our Environment “The Planetary Health Alliance is a consortium of more than 450 universities, non-governmental organizations, research institutes, and government entities from more than 75 countries around the world committed to understanding and addressing global environmental change and its health impacts.” depends on environment https://www.planetaryhealthalliance.org/ Griffith University is a member of the Planetary Health Alliance: https://www.griffith.edu.au/centre-planetary-health-food-security School of Medicine and Dentistry-Griffith University Why Global Health Matters? School of Medicine and Dentistry-Griffith University Our Recent pandemic…. what were the challenges and the opportunities of COVID 19 pandemic? School of Medicine and Dentistry-Griffith University I encourage you to watch this video. It address some important issues that could help us for future pandemics that we may face The COVID-19 Ripple Effect - A Different Lens Snapshot https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NIMPeQKzR5M School of Medicine and Dentistry-Griffith University Global Health Challenge Strengthening global health and international pandemic response-Australia Australia is working closely with the global community, including the World Health Organization, to reform and strengthen global health systems. These include updates to the International Health Regulations and the development of a new pandemic response agreement. https://www.health.gov.au/our-work/strengthening-global-health-and-international-pandemic- response School of Medicine and Dentistry-Griffith University Global Health Challenge The most obvious global health concerns deal with communicable diseases, but global health factors include: magnitude of population affected economic and political instability, income and social inequality, lack of education and employment, insufficient food and medicine, climate change and natural disasters, environmental pollution limited access to quality clean water poor health system climate change and natural disasters...????? School of Medicine and Dentistry-Griffith University.. No matter where we live, our health & wellbeing depends on how global issues are managed around the world. School of Medicine and Dentistry-Griffith University  Global Health Collaboration Global health requires that the world's citizens collaborate to improve public health services in all nations, rich or poor, and stop disease outbreaks at their source. not able to overcome problem School of Medicine and Dentistry-Griffith University  Global Health Collaboration School of Medicine and Dentistry-Griffith University Global Health Collaboration World Health Organization (WHO) The directing and coordinating authority for health within the United Nations system, responsible for providing leadership on global health matters, including shaping the health research agenda. support and collaborate School of Medicine and Dentistry-Griffith University The role of WHO in Global Health: providing leadership on matters critical to health and engaging in partnerships where joint action is needed; shaping the research agenda and stimulating the generation, translation and dissemination of valuable knowledge; setting norms and standards and promoting and monitoring their implementation; articulating ethical and evidence-based policy options; providing technical support, catalysing change, and building sustainable institutional capacity; and monitoring the health situation and assessing health trends. School of Medicine and Dentistry-Griffith University Global Health Key International Organisations.. ▪ Multilateral organisations: United Nations Organizations WHO, UNICEF, UNHCR, UNDP…. United Nations-Affiliated Programs Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB and Malaria (GFFTAM) UNAIDS World Bank Group ▪ Bilateral organisations: government aid agencies such as: DFAT, USAID, EU… ▪ Schools of Public Health Research, Training new professionals, Projects School of Medicine and Dentistry-Griffith University Global Health Key International Organisations.. ▪ Non-Government Organizations ▪ Foundations: Ford, Bill & Melinda Gates ▪ International: FHI360, Oxfam, CARE, Save the Children ▪ Faith-based Organizations: Catholic Relief more than 90 Services, Christian Aid, World Vision ▪ Contracting Agencies: For-profit companies bid on government RFAs and to win development contracts such as Management Sciences for Health (MSH) ▪ Private Corporations: Pharmaceutical Corporations School of Medicine and Dentistry-Griffith University Ensuring Long-Term Success….. The focus of global health collaborations should be on: Prioritizing Health Systems and Institutions: Emphasize strengthening healthcare systems and institutions, focusing on holistic health delivery rather than just targeting specific diseases. Promoting Collaborative Leadership: Advocate for strong collaboration and leadership between funders and government authorities within each country, ensuring sustainability and effectiveness of global health initiatives. Coordinated Multi-Player Involvement: Recognize the necessity for enhanced coordination and consultation at all levels due to the growing number of players and collaborators involved in global health efforts. support everyone School of Medicine and Dentistry-Griffith University Where to from here? How are you going to prepare for your future steps in Global Health adventure? School of Medicine and Dentistry-Griffith University  THANK YOU & Look forward to our discussions, and sharing experiences in our workshop References: Liu, Y., Lee, J.M. & Lee, C. The challenges and opportunities of a global health crisis: the management and business implications of COVID-19 from an Asian perspective. Asian Bus Manage 19, 277–297 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41291-020-00119-x Coronavirus (COVID-19) health alert | Australian Government... https://www.health.gov.au/news/health-alerts/novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov- health-alert The COVID-19 Ripple Effect - A Different Lens Snapshot https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NIMPeQKzR5M Australian Government –Department of Health and Aged Care https://www.health.gov.au/our-work/strengthening-global-health-and- international-pandemic-response World Health Organization https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/situation- reports Griffith School of Medicine School of Medicine and Dentistry-Griffith University References: Beyond COVID-19: Ripple Effects of a Pandemic, GBC Health News, March 2020 http://gbchealth.org/beyond-covid-19-ripple-effects-of-a-pandemic/ Leena Paakkari et al. COVID-19: health literacy is an underestimated problem. The Lancet Public Health, Vol 5, Issue 5, E249-E250, May 01, 2020 https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpub/article/PIIS2468-2667(20)30086- 4/fulltext ▪ The Planetary Health Roadmap and Action Plan. https://www.planetaryhealthalliance.org ▪ Planetary health - what is it and why is it important? https://www.monash.edu/medicine/news/latest/2021-articles/planetary-health-what- is-it-and-why-is-it-important ▪ Planetary Health https://unfccc.int/climate-action/un-global-climate-action-awards/planetary-health School of Medicine and Dentistry-Griffith University