Client-Centered Therapy Lecture Notes PDF

CLIENT-CENTERED THERAPY Jordan University of Science & Technology OT 201 - Occupational Therapy Fundamentals Lecture 6 1  LEARNING OBJECTIVES Identify models affecting occupational therapy pract...

CLIENT-CENTERED THERAPY Jordan University of Science & Technology OT 201 - Occupational Therapy Fundamentals Lecture 6 1  LEARNING OBJECTIVES Identify models affecting occupational therapy practice Appreciate the importance of these models’ diversity Understand the OT’s client-centered practice Discuss the principles of the client-centered practice 2  INTRODUCTION The following models of health care impact the OT profession on both a national & global level by providing a further context for understanding practice: Medical model International classification of functioning disability and health Client-centered practice American Occupational Therapy Practice Framework (AOTA, 2020). 3  DEFINITIONS Client-centred care is an approach to service “which embraces a philosophy of respect for, and a partnership with people receiving services” (Law, Baptiste and Mills, 1995). 4  DEFINITIONS (CONT.) “A collaborative effort consisting of patients, patients’ families, friends, the doctors and other health professionals …” (Lutz and Bowers, 2000). 5  DEFINITIONS (CONT.) “Treatment and care provided by health services [that] places the person at the centre of their own care and considers the needs of the older person’s carers” 6  FEATURES DERIVED FROM DEFINITIONS Respect (for older persons, for their values, needs and preferences) Partnership and collaboration (between the older person (and their family) and the professional care team) Patient/person/client being at the centre (health services revolving around the service user rather than around funders and/or professionals) 7  CLIENT-CENTERED PRACTICE Emerged in 1960s & Deinstitutionalization Client Centered Model (OT) was founded by the Canadian Occupational Therapy Association (CAOT, 1997) It is the basic therapy model for the AOTA Practice Framework (2020) 8  ASSUMPTIONS OF CLIENT-CENTERED PRACTICE Clients know what they want & need from therapy Ultimate relevance of the client’s perspective on problems Professional dominance is counter-therapeutic Therapist cannot be the instrument of change, only the facilitator 9  CANADIAN MODEL OF OCCUPATIONAL PERFORMANCE (COMP) Client-centered practice, as defined by the Canadian Occupational Therapy Association (CAOT, 1997), follows the “Canadian Model of Occupational Performance (CMOP) which illustrates how occupational performance evolves from the interactions between the person, the environment, and the occupation itself 10 CMOP 11  GENERAL POINTS - CMOP Functional ability is based on the interactive effects between person, occupation, and environment. Changes in any part of the system can impact occupational performance. Motivation is considered to be intrinsic and facilitated by clients’ participation in identifying meaningful goals and occupational priorities. 12  GENERAL POINTS - CMOP There is not a specific plan for how to apply the therapeutic process “Facilitating, guiding, coaching, prompting, listening, reflecting, encouraging, or otherwise collaborating with people” are general intervention strategies Therapeutic process is guided by the 6 general principles of client centered practice 13  6 PRINCIPLES OF CLIENT-CENTERED PRACTICE 1. The client is capable of choice 2. Flexibility & individualized approach 3. Therapist’s role as enabler (therapist shares power & empowers client) 14  CLIENT-CENTERED PRINCIPLES 4. Success measured by client’s attainment of goals (client sets own priorities) 5. Need for contextual congruence – (interventions have meaning in client’s own life settings) 6. Client readiness to use therapist expertise 15 LAW ET AL (1995) OUTLINED 7 KEY CONCEPTS TO CLIENT-CENTRED PRACTICE Autonomy and Choice Partnership & Responsibility Enablement Contextual Congruence Accessibility Flexibility Respect for diversity 16  AUTONOMY AND CHOICE: Assumes clients’ opinions will be sought, values respected, and dignity maintained. It refers to a client having the right to receive information in a manner they can understand so they can make choices about their care. 17  PARTNERSHIP AND RESPONSIBILITY: Recognises that: Each person in the partnership brings with them expert knowledge and skills All parties in the partnership have responsibilities. 18  ENABLEMENT: Incorporates the change in focus from illness to wellness, the change in outcome measures from acute care outcomes to function and life satisfaction and the consideration of client’s capabilities versus deficiencies. 19  CONTEXTUAL CONGRUENCE: The importance of understanding the client’s roles, values, interests and the environment and culture in which they live as central to the process of providing client-centred care. 20  ACCESSIBILITY AND FLEXIBILITY: Advocates for equitable service provision that is provided in a timely and accessible manner to meet the needs of the client. 21  RESPECT FOR DIVERSITY: The need to respect differences in values and beliefs, and being aware of the balance of power within the relationship. 22  CLIENT CENTERED PRACTICE Advantages? Disadvantages/challenges? 23 Thank You!