Dementia Drugs Multiple Choice Questions PDF

PANCE-style Multiple Choice Questions: Dementia Drugs 1. Which of the following neurotransmitters is most affected in Alzheimer's disease? A) Dopamine B) Acetylcholine C) GABA D) Serotonin Answer: B) Acetylcholine 2. What is the role of amyloid plaques in the pathogenesi...

PANCE-style Multiple Choice Questions: Dementia Drugs 1. Which of the following neurotransmitters is most affected in Alzheimer's disease? A) Dopamine B) Acetylcholine C) GABA D) Serotonin Answer: B) Acetylcholine 2. What is the role of amyloid plaques in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease? A) Increase neurotransmitter release B) Cause excitotoxicity C) Inhibit tau protein formation D) Lead to neuronal death Answer: D) Lead to neuronal death 3. Which of the following is a known risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease? A) Apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 allele B) APO B allele C) African ancestry D) Male gender Answer: A) Apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 allele 4. What is the primary pathological hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease? A) Loss of cholinergic neurons B) Beta-amyloid accumulation C) Increased dopamine levels D) Decreased serotonin Answer: B) Beta-amyloid accumulation 5. Which imaging study is commonly used to detect hippocampal atrophy in Alzheimer’s disease?  A) CT Scan B) MRI C) PET scan D) SPECT scan Answer: B) MRI 6. What is the mechanism of action of donepezil in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease? A) NMDA antagonist B) Inhibits acetylcholinesterase C) Dopamine agonist D) GABA receptor activator Answer: B) Inhibits acetylcholinesterase 7. What is the primary side effect associated with cholinesterase inhibitors like donepezil? A) Bradycardia B) Hypertension C) Insomnia D) Hallucinations Answer: A) Bradycardia 8. Memantine is classified as which type of drug in the management of Alzheimer’s disease? A) NMDA antagonist B) Cholinesterase inhibitor C) Dopamine agonist D) GABA receptor activator Answer: A) NMDA antagonist 9. Which of the following is an advantage of memantine in Alzheimer’s treatment? A) Prevents further neuronal death B) Reduces excitotoxicity C) Increases acetylcholine levels D) Enhances dopamine release Answer: B) Reduces excitotoxicity 10. What is the mechanism of action of the drug lecanemab?  A) Blocks acetylcholinesterase B) Inhibits beta-amyloid plaque formation C) Reduces tau protein accumulation D) Enhances NMDA receptor function Answer: B) Inhibits beta-amyloid plaque formation 11. Which Alzheimer's medication is commonly used in combination with donepezil for moderate to severe disease? A) Memantine B) Rivastigmine C) Tacrine D) Galantamine Answer: A) Memantine 12. What is a significant risk associated with monoclonal antibodies like aducanumab? A) Weight gain B) Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) C) Tachycardia D) Increased tau accumulation Answer: B) Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) 13. What is the common indication for starting cholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer’s disease? A) Early mild cognitive impairment B) Mild to moderate cognitive decline C) Moderate to severe disease D) End-stage Alzheimer’s Answer: B) Mild to moderate cognitive decline 14. Which of the following drugs was removed from the market due to liver toxicity? A) Donepezil B) Tacrine C) Memantine D) Rivastigmine Answer: B) Tacrine 15. Which Alzheimer’s medication is available as a transdermal patch for easier administration? A) Rivastigmine B) Donepezil C) Memantine D) Galantamine Answer: A) Rivastigmine 16. What is the main benefit of using cholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer’s treatment? A) Reverses the disease process B) Delays progression by 6-12 months C) Increases acetylcholine release D) Prevents memory loss Answer: B) Delays progression by 6-12 months 17. What is the benefit of combining memantine with donepezil in Alzheimer's treatment? A) Blocks excitotoxicity and enhances acetylcholine B) Reduces serotonin levels C) Increases dopamine and GABA activity D) Slows disease progression by inhibiting tau Answer: A) Blocks excitotoxicity and enhances acetylcholine 18. What is the mechanism of action of galantamine in Alzheimer’s disease? A) Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor B) NMDA receptor antagonist C) Enhances GABA activity D) Blocks dopamine reuptake Answer: A) Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor 19. Which of the following biomarkers can be found in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for Alzheimer’s diagnosis? A) Alpha-synuclein B) Beta-amyloid and tau proteins C) Dopamine D) Acetylcholine  Answer: B) Beta-amyloid and tau proteins 20. Which of the following drugs reduces cognitive decline but is not effective in severe Alzheimer’s disease? A) Memantine B) Donepezil C) Rivastigmine D) Galantamine Answer: B) Donepezil