Dementia Drugs Part 1.docx

Dementia Drugs \#\#\# Slide 1 - Overview 1\. \*\*What is the main focus of pharmaceutical treatment for Alzheimer's disease?\*\* \- A) Preventing neuronal regeneration \- B) Preventing breakdown of acetylcholine (ACh) in the synapse \- C) Blocking dopamine reuptake \- D) Enhancing amyloid plaq...

Dementia Drugs \#\#\# Slide 1 - Overview 1\. \*\*What is the main focus of pharmaceutical treatment for Alzheimer's disease?\*\* \- A) Preventing neuronal regeneration \- B) Preventing breakdown of acetylcholine (ACh) in the synapse \- C) Blocking dopamine reuptake \- D) Enhancing amyloid plaque formation \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Preventing breakdown of acetylcholine (ACh) in the synapse 2\. \*\*Which of the following is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease?\*\* \- A) Male gender \- B) African American ethnicity \- C) High protein diet \- D) Excess dopamine activity \*\*Answer\*\*: B) African American ethnicity 3\. \*\*What is the leading pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease?\*\* \- A) Decreased dopamine \- B) Amyloid plaque deposition \- C) Loss of GABA neurons \- D) Reduction in serotonin \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Amyloid plaque deposition \#\#\# Slide 2 - Alzheimer\'s Disease Risk Factors 4\. \*\*Which gene is linked to an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease?\*\* \- A) BRCA1 \- B) ApoE4 \- C) HLA-B27 \- D) TP53 \*\*Answer\*\*: B) ApoE4 5\. \*\*What gender is more at risk for developing Alzheimer's disease?\*\* \- A) Males \- B) Females \- C) Equally affected \- D) No gender association \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Females 6\. \*\*Which age group is most affected by Alzheimer's disease?\*\* \- A) 25-40 years \- B) 50-60 years \- C) 65 years and older \- D) 40-50 years \*\*Answer\*\*: C) 65 years and older \#\#\# Slide 3 - Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis 7\. \*\*What protein forms neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease?\*\* \- A) Beta-amyloid \- B) Tau \- C) Dopamine \- D) GABA \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Tau 8\. \*\*Which of the following factors contributes to neuronal death in Alzheimer's disease?\*\* \- A) Enhanced synaptic transmission \- B) Excitotoxicity and oxidative stress \- C) Excess serotonin \- D) Reduced tau protein \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Excitotoxicity and oxidative stress 9\. \*\*What neurotransmitter activity is decreased in Alzheimer's disease?\*\* \- A) Serotonin \- B) Acetylcholine \- C) Dopamine \- D) GABA \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Acetylcholine \#\#\# Slide 4 - Alzheimer\'s Diagnosis 10\. \*\*Which biomarker is used to help diagnose Alzheimer's disease?\*\* \- A) Amyloid-beta and tau in cerebrospinal fluid \- B) Increased dopamine levels \- C) PET scans showing increased glucose metabolism \- D) Elevated serotonin levels in plasma \*\*Answer\*\*: A) Amyloid-beta and tau in cerebrospinal fluid 11\. \*\*What imaging study can show cortical hypometabolism in Alzheimer's disease?\*\* \- A) MRI \- B) PET scan \- C) Ultrasound \- D) X-ray \*\*Answer\*\*: B) PET scan 12\. \*\*What is a hallmark finding on MRI in Alzheimer's disease?\*\* \- A) Hippocampal atrophy \- B) Enlarged ventricles \- C) Increased white matter \- D) Tumor formation \*\*Answer\*\*: A) Hippocampal atrophy \#\#\# Slide 5 - Alzheimer's Disease Treatment 13\. \*\*What class of drugs is used to augment acetylcholine levels in the brain for Alzheimer's disease?\*\* \- A) MAO inhibitors \- B) Reversible cholinesterase inhibitors \- C) Dopamine antagonists \- D) Serotonin reuptake inhibitors \*\*Answer\*\*: B) Reversible cholinesterase inhibitors 14\. \*\*What is the life expectancy after the onset of Alzheimer's disease symptoms?\*\* \- A) 1-2 years \- B) 3-5 years \- C) 6-12 years \- D) 20+ years \*\*Answer\*\*: C) 6-12 years 15\. \*\*What is a common cause of death in patients with Alzheimer's disease?\*\* \- A) Stroke \- B) Respiratory failure \- C) Complications of immobility \- D) Heart attack \*\*Answer\*\*: C) Complications of immobility \#\#\# Slide 6 - Reversible Cholinesterase Inhibitors 16\. \*\*What is a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor used in Alzheimer's disease?\*\* \- A) Donepezil \- B) Risperidone \- C) Fluoxetine \- D) Levothyroxine \*\*Answer\*\*: A) Donepezil 17\. \*\*Which cholinesterase inhibitor comes in a patch formulation?\*\* \- A) Rivastigmine \- B) Galantamine \- C) Tacrine \- D) Donepezil \*\*Answer\*\*: A) Rivastigmine 18\. \*\*What adverse effect led to the removal of tacrine from the market?\*\* \- A) Hepatotoxicity \- B) Nephrotoxicity \- C) Cardiac arrhythmias \- D) Bone marrow suppression \*\*Answer\*\*: A) Hepatotoxicity