Lecture 6 (October 21) Pain, Epilepsy, Side Effects, PK - NEED TO KNOW Lecture Notes PDF

Lecture 6 (October 21): Need to know from Text and Notes Know how pain fits into the somatosenses, and know the differences between acute and chronic pain Know the differences between neuropathic and inflammatory pain, and know the terms/conditions associated with chronic pain (e.g., allody...

Lecture 6 (October 21): Need to know from Text and Notes Know how pain fits into the somatosenses, and know the differences between acute and chronic pain Know the differences between neuropathic and inflammatory pain, and know the terms/conditions associated with chronic pain (e.g., allodynia, hyperalgesia, spontaneous pain). Know examples of other conditions/behaviors that can change the perception of pain Know the pain pathway from the primary somatosensory afferents up to the cortex. Know which types of neurons are considered nociceptors. Know the descending pathways and how the two type of neurons in the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) modulate pain. Know the different ways, and associated sites/pathways to pharmacologically (i.e., opioids, cannabinoids, anti-depressants, NMDA antagonists) modulate pain. - you do not need to know all of the ion channels that are involved in primary afferent modulation (1 st “Stopping Pain…” slide), BUT, know the how and why for Nav1.7 and TRPV1 channels involvement in pain modulation, and know about the products currently on the market that affect these channels (i.e., lidocaine, capsaicinoids) - understand the problems associated with modulating only one target on nociceptors Know examples of anti-inflammatory drugs and what inflammatory mechanisms they interfere with. 1  Lecture 6 (October 21): Need to know from Text and Notes In the text for somatosenses/pain (chapter 7.3), focus on the pain portions of LO 7.15, LO 7.16, and LO 7.17. Know the pain pathways related to sensory and emotional components of pain, and the opioid-induced analgesia (Figure 7.31). - you do not need to know about placebo analgesia (not until we do that section in the course) - you do not need to know about phantom limb pain (though I encourage you to read this section, it is a interesting phenomena) In the text for Seizure Disorders (chapter 16.1), know the entire LO 16.2 section. 2  Lecture 6 (October 21): Need to know from Text and Notes Know the different types of seizures, examples of convulsive and non-convulsive seizures, examples of causes, and know that there is not one specific pathway associated with these disorders Know the neuropharmacological contributors both in terms of excitation and inhibition, about the excitatory/inhibitory imbalance, paroxysmal depolarization shift (PDS), interictal periods, and how the current treatments work Know what “ADME” stands for in terms of Pharmacokinetics. Know the different routes of administration, and why one route may be picked over another to deliver a drug. Know what Cmax, Cmin, Tmax, T1/2, and F are. Know how to calculate F%. Why are these important for how a drug works? Know what a side effect is, know their “causes”, what group studies these (Pharmacovigilance), know details of what goes on a drug’s label, understand the black box warning, understand what side effects are measured against. Know what is a therapeutic index and how to calculate it, understand why an acceptable therapeutic index varies by disease 3