Qualitative Research Procedures PDF

LECTURE 4: QUALITATIVE RESEARCH PROCEDURES January 24, 2025 ALL CAPS #2  Researchers are advancing brain-computer interfaces and robotic prosthetics to restore touch and motor control for people with limb loss. Using electrical stimulation in the brain, they’ve achieved stable, localized...

LECTURE 4: QUALITATIVE RESEARCH PROCEDURES January 24, 2025 ALL CAPS #2  Researchers are advancing brain-computer interfaces and robotic prosthetics to restore touch and motor control for people with limb loss. Using electrical stimulation in the brain, they’ve achieved stable, localized sensations that mimic natural touch, allowing users to feel motion, shapes, and even letters. These breakthroughs improve prosthetic functionality and hold promise for broader applications, like restoring sensory loss after mastectomy, paving the way for lifelike, responsive prosthetics that enhance daily life.  LET’S CHECK IN! How would you ask someone out? INDEED, there are various ways to ask questions, depending on our strategy and the type of answers we aim to obtain. That is why we need to be smart and thoughtful in framing our questions to ensure we receive quality and meaningful answers.  THAT’S WHY, explain the procedures of the conduct of qualitative research, develop creativity in asking research questions, and create a qualitative research report based on a topic of interest. WHAT IS THE MAIN FOCUS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH? QUALITATIVE RESEARCH: systematic method of exploring, understanding, and interpreting human experiences, behaviors, and social phenomena through non-numerical data. Focus: It emphasizes why and how things happen, rather than what or how much. Examples of Data: Interviews Observations Personal narratives or diaries Visuals (photos, videos) CHARACTERISTICS OF QUALI: Subjective Understanding: Captures participants’ perspectives and emotions. Flexible Design: Adapts to changes during the research process. CHARACTERISTICS OF QUALI: Natural Settings: Data is collected in real-life environments. Rich Data: Produces in-depth and detailed descriptions. CHARACTERISTICS OF QUALI: Interpretive: The researcher plays an active role in analyzing and interpreting data. QUALI RESEARCH PROCEDURES: Identifying the Problem Defining the Purpose and Objectives Selecting a Research Design Data Collection Data Analysis Interpretation and Presentation of Findings Step 1: Identifying the Research Problem Choose a broad topic related to human experiences or social issues. Narrow it down to a specific, researchable problem.  Step 1: Identifying the Research Problem Example: From "Education" to "Challenges faced by high school students in online learning.“ Consider the significance and context of the problem.  Step 2: Defining the Purpose and Objectives Clearly state what the research aims to achieve. Purpose Example: To understand how high school students adapt to online learning.  Step 2: Defining the Purpose and Objectives Write specific objectives: To explore students' learning habits in virtual settings. To identify factors that affect online learning experiences.  Step 3: Selecting a Research Design Case Study: In-depth exploration of an individual or group. Phenomenology: Examines lived experiences of individuals.  Step 3: Selecting a Research Design Ethnography: Studies cultures or communities in their natural setting. Grounded Theory: Develops theories based on data.  Step 3: Selecting a Research Design Narrative Research: Focuses on stories or personal experiences.  Step 4: Data Collection Methods Interviews Types: Structured, semi-structured, unstructured. Example Question: "How has online learning affected your daily routine?“  Step 4: Data Collection Methods Observations Non-participant: Observing without interacting. Participant: Actively engaging in the setting.  Step 4: Data Collection Methods Document Review Analyzing journals, reports, or historical records. Focus Groups Group discussions to explore shared experiences or opinions.  Step 5: Data Analysis Coding: Categorizing data into themes or patterns. Thematic Analysis: Identifying recurring themes in the data.  Step 5: Data Analysis Interpretation: Understanding the meaning behind the data. Tools: Manual analysis, software like NVivo or ATLAS.ti.  Step 5: Data Analysis Example: A recurring theme in student interviews might be "lack of motivation." Step 6: Interpretation and Presentation of Findings Interpretation: Explain what the findings mean in relation to the research problem. Presentation: Use narratives, quotes, or visual data (graphs, charts, photos). Step 6: Interpretation and Presentation of Findings Ensure findings are clear, accurate, and relatable to your audience. Example: "Students expressed that social isolation reduced their motivation to study online." Ethical Considerations in Qualitative Research Informed Consent: Participants must agree to take part voluntarily. Confidentiality: Protect participants’ identities and sensitive information. Ethical Considerations in Qualitative Research Respect for Participants: Treat everyone with dignity and fairness. Avoid Harm: Ensure participants’ safety and well-being. Ethical Considerations in Qualitative Research Transparency: Be honest about the research purpose and process.  Advantages of Qualitative Research Provides in-depth understanding of complex issues. Explores subjective experiences that numbers can't capture.  Advantages of Qualitative Research Allows flexibility in the research process. Encourages natural interaction between researchers and participants. Limitations of Qualitative Research Time-Consuming: Data collection and analysis can take a long time. Subjectivity: Results can be influenced by the researcher’s perspective. Limitations of Qualitative Research Small Sample Size: Findings may not be generalizable. Reliability Challenges: Difficult to replicate due to unique contexts.  IN A NUTSHELL, Qualitative research provides valuable insights into human behavior, emotions, and social phenomena. Following a systematic process ensures the research is credible and meaningful.  IN A NUTSHELL, By combining curiosity and scientific rigor, qualitative researchers uncover the richness of human experiences. WORKBOOK #1 Practical Research 1 page 81. (ON A YELLOW PAD) You will be provided with examples of qualitative research title then you will have to come up with the following: WORKBOOK #1 1. Research Questions (3) 2. Scope & Delimitation (1) 3. Significance (3) 1 Personal Stories of Overcoming Adversity Among Survivors of Cyberbullying 2 Challenges of the Philippine army veterans transitioning to civilian life 3 Lived experiences of first-time pet owners in adjusting to the responsibilities of pet care 4 The stories of First-Time Mothers in Managing Postpartum Depression LECTURE 4 Thank you very much! 01-24-2025