2D Biology Unit Test Summative Review 2024 PDF

2D Biology Summative Test Review 1. What are the 3 postulates of the Cell Theory? 2. What are the differences between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell? 3. How can you distinguish between an animal cell and a plant cell? 4. Complete the chart below regarding the functions of the cell’s org...

2D Biology Summative Test Review 1. What are the 3 postulates of the Cell Theory? 2. What are the differences between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell? 3. How can you distinguish between an animal cell and a plant cell? 4. Complete the chart below regarding the functions of the cell’s organelles and where they are found. Organelle Function Animal Plant Cell Cell cell wall cell membrane mitochondria ribosomes chloroplast nucleus nucleolus centrioles endoplasmic reticulum Golgi bodies vacuole lysosome 5. What are the 3 main reasons why cells must divide? 6. Label the stages of the cell cycle and describe what is happening in each stage. Stage What’s Happening 7. Label the following on the diagram below: spindle fibers, centrioles, centromere, chromosomes 5. What is cytokinesis? How does cytokinesis differ in plant and animal cells? 6. What is the hierarchy of living things from cells → organisms? 7. What are the four different types of animal tissues and what do they do? 8. Label the diagram of the digestive system and briefly describe the function of each part. Organ Description of Function mouth salivary glands esophagus stomach small intestine large intestine rectum and anus liver gall bladder pancreas 9. Compare and contrast (similarities and differences) mechanical digestion and chemical digestion. 10. Describe how food is moved along the digestive tract after it is swallowed. 11. Complete the chart describing the 3 main types of blood vessels. Blood Vessel Type Structure Function 12. Put the following terms in the correct order as blood passes through the body. Left ventricle, right ventricle, aorta, pulmonary veins, vena cava, left atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery Vena cava —-> 13. Complete the following chart describing the 3 main types of blood cells. Blood Cell Type Structure Function 14. Label the diagram of the respiratory system and briefly describe each part. Organ Description of Function Mouth and nasal cavity pharynx trachea larynx epiglottis bronchi bronchioles alveoli diaphragm 15. What is the role of the musculoskeletal system? 16. Briefly describe the functions of the 3 main types of muscle tissues. Muscle Tissue Type Description of Function skeletal muscle cardiac muscle smooth muscle 17. Briefly describe the functions of the following connective tissues. Tissue type Description of Function bone cartilage tendon ligament 18. Label the diagrams of the human skeleton and the muscles. 19. What are the two main functions of the nervous system? 20. What are the two main divisions of the nervous system and what are their parts? 21. Fill in the chart below regarding the various organs found in the human body. Organ Body System Organ Body System Spinal cord Kidneys Heart Esophagus Bladder Liver Pancreas Trachea Brain Intestines Stomach Lungs 22. What is cancer? 23. Define the following terms that relate to cancer: benign tumour, malignant tumour, metastasis 24. Briefly describe the methods that are used to detect and diagnose cancer. 25. Briefly describe the methods that are used to treat cancer.