Notes on Regulating the Regulators PDF

REGULATING THE REGULATORS 1 Pg. 441-446 POS  You will…  1) Explain the function of the homones of the principle endocrine glands. Ie. ADH, hGH.  2)Explain the metabolic roles that hormones play in homeostasis eg. ADH in water regulation and hGH in growth“...

REGULATING THE REGULATORS 1 Pg. 441-446 POS  You will…  1) Explain the function of the homones of the principle endocrine glands. Ie. ADH, hGH.  2)Explain the metabolic roles that hormones play in homeostasis eg. ADH in water regulation and hGH in growth“ 2 NEGATIVE FEEDBACK MECHANISM  When certain blood concentration of a hormone is reached or when target cells have responded the endocrine gland that releases that hormone is inhibited 3 EXAMPLE: ADH  Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) regulates water reabsorption in the kidneys  When blood plasma conc. increases then the hypothalamus sends signal to the pituitary gland to release ADH which targets the nephrons of the kidneys and the tubules become more permeable to water  Draw the negative feedback loop for ADH and kidney function (p. 441) 4  MECHANISM OF ACTION ADH (VASOPRESSIN) ADds Hydration to the body by creating more concentrated 5 urine, and less volume. DIABETES INSIPIDUS  Inability to produce ADH  Symptoms include large volumes of urine which results in ion loss  Condition can be corrected by administering ADH  Made in Hypothalamus, stored in Post Pit. 6 TROPIC HORMONES  From the anterior pituitary  Target other endocrine glands to release other hormones 7 MECHANISM OF TROPIC HORMONES  1. hypothalamus releases a hormone to the anterior pituitary  2. Anterior pituitary releases a tropic hormone into the blood stream  3. tropic hormone stimulates the target gland to release a third hormone  4. Hormone travels to the target tissue where it creates an effect. 8 NEGATIVE FEEDBACK LOOP  When the third hormone is released it prevents the release of the first two hormones. 9 PITUITARY GLAND  1cm diameter, attached to and controlled by the hypothalamus  Releases hormones involved in growth, reproduction, metabolism and development “ master gland”  Made of two lobes the anterior and posterior pituitary  Remember GOATFLAP 10 POSTERIOR PITUITARY  Part of nervous system  Does not produce hormones  Stores and releases ADH and oxytocin (produced in the hypothalamus) 11 ANTERIOR PITUITARY  Synthesizes hormones: human growth hormone (hGH), prolactin (PRL), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH)  Portal system carries hormones- hypophyseal portal system- from Hypothalamus to Ant-Pit. 12 HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE (HGH)  Regulates growth, development and metabolism  Stimulates the liver to produce growth factors (hormones)  hGH and growth factors increase protein synthesis, cell growth and division and metabolic breakdown and release of fats 13 PITUITARY DWARFISM  Caused by insufficient hGH  Small adult stature but typical body proportions  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KEqrkcLVlH0  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iC5B3zU0Iv0& safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe= active 14 GIGANTISM  Caused by hypersecretion of hGH in childhood  Growth plates can still expand, so a person keeps growing and growing and…  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rf-lcBzZwC4  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4d8778-xjTU 15 ACROMEGALY  Hypersecretion of hGH as an adult  Often caused by a tumor  hGH can no longer increase height (growth plates are fused) but causes bones and soft tissue to widen  Effects include other health issues  https://www.youtube.c om/watch?v=AX48MP IDyYw 16 \ SYNTHETIC HGH In 1985 synthetic hGH was produced and the genetic code was inserted into rapidly reproducing bacteria and then injected into children deficient in hGH. Previously hGH was donated by cadavers 17 HOMEWORK  P. 442 #10-12 18