Muscles of the Anterior Forearm PDF

Exported for Falak Patel on Tue, 11 Feb 2025 21:33:43 GMT Muscles of the Anterior Forearm L.O.1. Identify the attachment sites, functions, and nerve supply for all anterior forearm muscles L.O.2. Label the structures that form and pass through the carpal tunnel The Forear...

Exported for Falak Patel on Tue, 11 Feb 2025 21:33:43 GMT Muscles of the Anterior Forearm L.O.1. Identify the attachment sites, functions, and nerve supply for all anterior forearm muscles L.O.2. Label the structures that form and pass through the carpal tunnel The Forearm The forearm is divided into 2 muscle compartments by the interosseous membrane In order to maximize functionalist of the wrist and hand while minimizing bulk, muscles that act on these areas originate in the proximal forearm Figure 11.1 Muscles of the Anterior Forearm The muscles of the anterior forearm can be studied in 3 layers: Superficial layer Pronator teres Flexor carpi radialis Palmaris longus Flexor carpi ulnaris Middle layer Flexor digitorum superficialis Deep layer Flexor digitorum profundus Flexor pollicis longus  Pronator quadratus Many of these muscles originate from the medial epicondyle of the humerus, thus we refer to that bony landmark as the “common flexor origin” Loading... Pronator Teres Proximal attachment: Common flexor origin and coronoid process of the ulna Distal attachment: Mid-shaft of radius on lateral surface Innervation: Median nerve Actions: Forearm pronation, assists with elbow flexion Figure 11.2 Flexor Carpi Radialis Proximal attachment: Common flexor origin Distal attachment: Base of 2nd metacarpal Innervation: Median nerve Actions: Wrist flexion and wrist abduction (radial deviation)  Figure 11.3 Palmaris Longus A vestigial muscle, absent on one or both sides in 15% of the population Proximal attachment: Common flexor origin Distal attachment: Palmar aponeurosis Innervation: Median nerve Actions: Wrist flexion and tenses palmar aponeurosis Figure 11.4  Loading... Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Proximal attachment: Common flexor origin, olecranon process, and posterior shaft of ulna Distal attachment: Pisiform, hook of hamate, and base of 5th metacarpal (the diagram in your textbook does not accurately illustrate the full extent of this distal attachment) Innervation: Ulnar nerve Actions: Wrist flexion and wrist adduction (ulnar deviation) Figure 11.5 Loading... Loading... Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Proximal attachment: Common flexor origin and shaft of radius Distal attachment: Middle phalanges of digits II, III, IV, and V Innervation: Median nerve Actions: Wrist flexion Flexion of all joints in the wrist and hand except for the distal interphalangeal joints Figure 11.6 Loading... Flexor Digitorum Profundus Proximal attachment: Interosseous membrane and ulna (does not cross elbow) Distal attachment: Distal phalanges of digits II, III, IV, and V Innervation: Medial half: Ulnar nerve Lateral half: Median nerve Actions: Wrist flexion Flexion of all joints in the wrist and hand including the distal interphalangeal joints  Figure 11.7 Flexor Pollicis Longus Proximal attachment: Interosseous membrane and radius (does not cross elbow) Distal attachment: Distal phalanx of thumb Innervation: Median nerve Actions: Flexes all joints of the thumb Figure 11.8 Pronator Quadratus Proximal attachment: Distal surface of ulna  Distal attachment: Distal surface of radius Innervation: Median nerve Actions: Forearm pronation Figure 11.9 Loading... Carpal Tunnel Recall the concavity of the carpus due to the following bony landmarks: Tubercle of the scaphoid Tubercle of the trapezium Pisiform Hook of hamate Figure 11.10 The flexor retinaculum is a band of connective tissue that attaches to these bony landmarks This creates a space deep to the flexor retinaculum called the carpal tunnel  Loading... Exported for Falak Patel on Tue, 11 Feb 2025 21:33:43 GMT Study with Ace