Respiratory System And Viral URTI Lecture Overview PDF
Document Details
Uploaded by BonnyChrysoprase9926
MMG1650
Tags
Summary
This lecture overview covers the respiratory system and viral upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs). It details the anatomy of the respiratory tract, including the upper and lower respiratory tracts, and various viral URTIs such as the common cold, RSV, influenza, and COVID19. This document also includes important disease terminology, innate defenses of the respiratory tract, and more.
Full Transcript
Lecture Overview: Respiratory system and Viral URTI Overview of the anatomy Norman-McKay assigned of the respiratory tract readings: Upper Respiratory tract Chapter 16 Lower respiratory tract Viral URTI Common...
Lecture Overview: Respiratory system and Viral URTI Overview of the anatomy Norman-McKay assigned of the respiratory tract readings: Upper Respiratory tract Chapter 16 Lower respiratory tract Viral URTI Common cold RSV Influenza COVID19 1 MMG1650 2024 Important Disease Terminology: “ – itis” a suffix used in pathological terms that denotes inflammation of an organ/body site Examples: Bronchitis Gastritis Hepatitis Meningitis Nephritis Vasculitis and many more…. 2 MMG1650 2024 Overview of Respiratory Tract Upper respiratory tract (URT) Includes: pharynx and epiglottis Lower respiratory tract (LRT) Figure 16.1 Norman-McKay. Microbiology: Basic and Clinical Principles. 2019 3 MMG1650 2024 Innate Defenses of the Respiratory tract Mucous membranes Figure 16.3 Norman-McKay. Microbiology: Basic and Clinical Principles. Goblet cells and mucus 2019 Ciliated epithelial cells Mucociliary escalator Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) including adenoids/tonsils Alveolar macrophages Normal Microbiota 4 MMG1650 2024 Figure 16.4 Norman-McKay. Microbiology: Basic and Clinical Principles. 2019 Respiratory Tract Microbiota Similar to skin flora; Can include opportunistic pathogens in low # Similar to skin and mouth flora; Can include opportunistic pathogens in low # Transient microbes only; effectively sterile Note: normal microbiota varies from person to person Affected by many factors including immune status, antibiotic use, smoking etc.. 5 MMG1650 2024 Common Cold Causative agent: Diagnosis: >200 different viruses Based on clinical symptoms Rhinoviruses and NAAT Coronaviruses (40-60%) Nasal or nasopharyngeal swab HPIV, RSV, ADV https://www.medline.com/product/ESwab-Collection-and- Transport-Systems-by-Copan-Diagnostics/Z05-PF122015# Rule out serious viral agents Transmission: Respiratory droplets and Contact (fomites) Treatment: Supportive care Signs and symptoms: Runny nose, sneezing, fatigue, coughing, stridor, Vaccine(s): dyspnea RSV vaccine Severe infections can lead to ADV vaccine pneumonia (inflammation of the alveoli) 6 MMG1650 2024 RSV can cause more serious infections Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) RNA, enveloped virus
