Patterns of Development PDF

E R NS O F PAT T LO P M E NT D E V E  DEFINITION Purpose: Clarifies and explains concepts by answering the question “what does it mean?”  DEFINITION Signal Words:  is defined as; as defined; to define  means;  refers to;  to...

E R NS O F PAT T LO P M E NT D E V E  DEFINITION Purpose: Clarifies and explains concepts by answering the question “what does it mean?”  DEFINITION Signal Words:  is defined as; as defined; to define  means;  refers to;  to illustrate. Social engineering is defined as any method which tricks people to share personal information through the use of technology. The social component in this scheme means that there is reliance on various psychological tricks and on the gullibility of users rather than technical hacking. Social engineering also refers to various malicious acts online such as phishing, spamming and pretexting.  EXEMPLIFICATION Purpose: Presents the general statement and then provides specific and correct examples to expound on the main idea.  EXEMPLIFICATION Signal Words:  after all; as an example; consider the following;  for example; for instance;  in other words; in particular; in short; namely; put another way; specifically;  stated differently; that is; to be specific; to clarify; to illustrate While the internet offers so many benefits to man, it also has downsides. One of these is phishing, which refers to obtaining personal information, such as passwords and credit card details. Through online means, in other words, phishing is a form of cybercrime. As an example, let us consider clicking of unnecessary external links that needed to update personal information.  DESCRIPTION Purpose: provides details using either sensory, or spatial pattern.  DESCRIPTION Signal Words:  above; across; adjacent to; against; alongside; amidst; around; away from;  back of; behind; below; beneath; beside; between; beyond; by; down; farther; here; in; in front of;  inside; into; near; off; on; on top of; onto; opposite to; outside; over; throughout; to the right; under The tarsier has soft, grayish fur. It has bat-like ears and a long-rat like tail. It only stands about 100 millimeters. It feeds on insects like crickets, beetles, and termites; and on small animals too, like lizards, frogs, and small birds. Also, it is capable of turning its head 180 degrees and jumping backward with accuracy.  CHRONOLOGY Purpose: organizes ideas or events according to time  CHRONOLOGY Signal Words:  about; after; afterwards  as soon as; at; at this/that point  before; during; eventually; finally; first; second  immediately; in the meantime; later; meanwhile;  next; next week; presently; prior to; second;  soon; then; till; today; tomorrow; until; when; yesterday It seemed like an ordinary day when she got up that morning, but Lynda was about to embark on the worst day of her life. First, she fell in the bathtub because her mother forgot to rinse out the bath oil. Then she spilled orange juice on the outfit she had spent hours putting together for school pictures. When she changed, she messed up the French braid her mother had put in her hair. As she walked out the door, she dropped all of her school books and her math homework flew away. Once she made it to the car she thought everything would be all right. She was wrong; her father didn't look before he backed out of the driveway and ran into the neighbor’s truck. Lynda’s side of the car was damaged the most, and she ended up with a broken arm. That night, she cried herself to sleep.  LISTING Purpose: organizes ideas using enumeration  LISTING Signal Words:  additionally; again; along with; also; and; and then;  another; as well; besides; equally important;  further; furthermore; in addition; in the same way; likewise; next; together with The government of Rhode Island was based on four principles. One was that all people were equal. Another was that the government received its power from the people. Likewise, was that the government was not to interfere with freedom of conscience. Finally, the government’s main job was to protect and insure the rights of the citizens. These four principles formed the Basis of the government of Rhode Island. COMPARISON AND CONTRAST Purpose: organizes ideas based on how events, places, people, things, and concepts are similar to or different from one another  Comparison Contrast  also;  although; and yet; as as; both; opposed to; but; equally; in a similar conversely; counter to; fashion; despite; even so; even  in comparison; though; in the  in the same way; meantime; instead; however like; likewise;  nevertheless;  similarly; to nonetheless; compare  on the contrary; on the other hand; otherwise; Although they are sisters, Jennifer and Jessica are complete opposites. Jennifer enjoys playing sports, while Jessica would rather watch. Jennifer has no interest in playing a musical instrument, while Jessica is the first chair violinist. Jennifer listens to new age music, while Jessica prefers country. Jennifer’s favorite subject is English, and Jessica’s favorite is math. Jennifer likes to curl up in a chair on a rainy day and read a good book , but Jessica would rather sleep all day. No one would ever guess that they are CLASSIFICATION AND DIVISION Purpose: organizes ideas into categories or divisions based on criteria and standards CLASSIFICATION AND DIVISION Signal words:  another; another kind; classified as; final type;  one kind; the first category; the last group; the next part There are three primary types of exercise that people can incorporate into their daily routines: aerobic, strength, and flexibility exercises. First type, aerobic exercises, such as running, swimming, and cycling, are designed to improve cardiovascular health by increasing heart rate and stamina. Next type, strength exercises, including weightlifting and bodyweight exercises like push-ups or squats, focus on building muscle mass and improving overall strength. Last type, flexibility exercises, such as yoga or stretching routines, help to enhance mobility, reduce muscle tension, and prevent injury. Each of these exercise types plays a crucial role in maintaining a well-rounded fitness regimen, and individuals can choose the combination that best meets their health goals. CAUSE AND EFFECT Purpose: organizes details based on the reason and the result or consequences of a certain phenomenon  Cause Effect  as; because (of the fact);  accordingly; as a  being that; due to (the consequence; as a result fact that); (of this);  because (of that);  for; for the reason that; consequently; for this in that; in view of (the reason; hence; fact);  in consequence; so; so  in as much as; one much (so) that; so that; reason; owing to (the therefore; thus fact); seeing that; since Because toys have become electronic devices, some children today are unable to entertain themselves. Gone are the days when children invented their own adventures and used sticks as swords. Cookie sheets as armor, and refrigerator box as a fortress to defend. The electronic age has delivered children all sorts of gadgets and gizmos that are supposed to be realistic. Some toys even have buttons to push so prerecorded messages can be played to begin scripted adventures that require no imagination. No PROBLEM- SOLUTION Purpose: organizes ideas into problems and proposed solutions  PROBLEM- SOLUTION Signal words:  but; first, second; nonetheless; one reason for the;  one solution is; one way is; the problem; the solution Several students receive poor grades on writing assignments, not because they lack the ability to communicate, but because they can not seem to manage their time when it comes to a large project. They do not know where to begin, and therefore put things off until the last minute. To solve this problem, students need to develop a timeline for completing the project. If they divide the assignment into manageable “chunks” or parts and then set a schedule for completing each part, they will be able to finish the entire project before the deadline. Without the pressure of not knowing where to begin, the students will be able to focus on the assignment and  PERSUASION Purpose: organizes ideas to show how a set of evidence leads to a logical conclusion or argument  PERSUASION Signal words: (for emphasizing point)  again; for this reason; in fact; in that case; indeed; to emphasize; to repeat; truly; with this in mind  PERSUASION Signal words: (for concluding and summarizing)  accordingly; all in all; as a result; as I have said; consequently; due to; finally; in any event;  in brief; in conclusion; in short; in summary; inevitably; on the whole; since; in essence; in a nutshell;  therefore; thus; to sum up  PERSUASION Signal words: (for conceding a point)  admittedly; assuredly; certainly; granted; it is true that; needless to say; no doubt; obviously;  of course; to be sure; true; undoubtedly; unquestionably Firstly, it is essential to acknowledge the significant benefits of adopting renewable energy sources. In the first place, solar and wind energy reduce our reliance on fossil fuels, which are harmful to the environment. Furthermore, these renewable sources are not only sustainable but also increasingly cost-effective, making them an attractive alternative to traditional energy systems. Additionally, transitioning to renewable energy helps create jobs in emerging industries, contributing to economic growth. In contrast, continuing to rely on non-renewable resources will only exacerbate the environmental crisis and harm future generations. Therefore, the shift to renewable energy is not just a necessity for environmental preservation but also an opportunity for economic and social THAN K YOU