NURS 109-1 Introduction to Psychosocial Science Lecture Notes PDF

 Introduction  Psychosocial aspect of care Biological- psychosocial model SLIDES Dr. Hilal Alrahbi, PhD, RN. PREPARED BY PRESENTER Dr/ Walaa Kamel Tawfik COLLEGE / College of Health Sciences CENTRE...

 Introduction  Psychosocial aspect of care Biological- psychosocial model SLIDES Dr. Hilal Alrahbi, PhD, RN. PREPARED BY PRESENTER Dr/ Walaa Kamel Tawfik COLLEGE / College of Health Sciences CENTRE PROGRAM Nursing SEMESTER Fall 2024/2025 1 Learning outcomes  Describe the following concepts: - psychosocial; caring; nursing; environment; spirituality; person; - Schools of thought in psychology; - Recognize the importance of psychosocial care to nurses - List the 5Cs in caring; 2  Caring for the dying Promoti Restori Scope of ng ng Nursing health & health wellness Preventi ng illness 3  Introduction…  Health: a state of complete physical, mental, and social well- being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (WHO, 1948).  Nursing: encompasses autonomous and collaborative care of individuals of all ages, families, groups and communities, sick or well and in all settings.  It includes the promotion of health, the prevention of illness, and the care of ill, disabled and dying people. (ICN, 2002) 4  Introduction  Psychology: science devoted to understanding how people think, feel, behave and learn. (APS, 2021)  Sociology: study of social life, social change, and the social causes and consequences of human behavior (ASA, 2021)  Psycho-Social Science= combination 5  Examples of schools of thought in psychology Developmental psychology: Study of the changes to the way individuals interpret and respond to the work around them as they mature throughout their lifespan. Cognitive psychology: Study of cognition (mental processes) including memory, perceptions, and information processing; aims to change the way the individual thinks about a problem Walker, at al. (2012) 6 Examples of schools of thought in psychology Social psychology: Study how social settings and social interactions influence the behaviors of individuals. Behavioral psychology: Study of learning by observing the effects of events on behavioral change. Psychodynamic psychology: Study how past experiences influence individuals’ current thoughts and emotions. Walker, at al. (2012) 7 Examples of schools of thought in psychology… Psychological Possible explanation Possible ways of Approach for performing the reducing the behavior behavior BEHAVIORAL The individual finds Substitute alternative PSYCHOLOGY: smoking pleasurable and equally pleasurable Focuses on the and relaxing ways of relaxing. immediate consequences of behavior COGNITIVE The individual does not Help the induvial to PSYCHOLOGY: believe that smoking is reconsider his beliefs Focuses on incorrect or harmful distorted beliefs Walker, at al. 8 (2012) Examples of schools of thought in psychology… Psychological Possible explanation Possible ways of Approach for performing the reducing the behavior behavior SOCIAL The individual likes to Help the individual to PSYCHOLOGY: spend time with friends manage social situation Focuses on the way who smoke in which smoking is used people interact with each other DEVELOPMENTAL The individual enjoy Help the induvial to see PSYCHOLOGY: engaging in risk that he will likely to view Focuses on the way behaviors done by smoking differently in the individuals change as adults such as smoking future. they mature throughout their lives Walker, at al. (2012) 9 Examples of schools of thought in psychology… Psychological Possible Possible ways of Approach explanation for reducing the behavior performing the behavior PSYCHODYNAMIC The individual feels Focusing on the induvial PSYCHOLOGY: that smoking is a emotional needs may help Focuses on unconscious comfort measure him to find alternative ways impulses and conflicts, that to compensate on meeting them often arising from for needs that were childhood experiences not met in infancy Walker, at al. (2012) 10  Importance of psychosocial care to nurses Tells us how people's understandings and needs vary; so it helps us provide the appropriate care Tells us that our own perceptions and thoughts may lead us to incorrect assumptions and judgments about others. Gain a better understanding of communication processes. We can identify ways of improving therapeutic relationship. Identify factors that affect how people cope with different situations to help them and ourselves cope better. Inform about factors that influence people’s lifestyle and behaviors to establish interventions to promote health. 11  Introduction…  Nursing = Caring = Nursing  Caring: Caring requires nurses who focus on the relationship with the human being by seeing, understanding and taking responsibility.  The 5C’s in caring - Communication (Interpersonal relationship) - Compassion (Kindness) - Competence (Skillful) - Conscience (Ethics) - Confidence (Trustworthy, skillful, knowledgeable) 12  Introduction… Spirituality: is a broad concept with room for many perspectives. In general, it includes a sense of connection to something bigger than ourselves, and it typically involves a search for meaning in life. (Delagran, 2016). Spiritual needs: Need for meaning and purpose. Need for love. Need for hope. 13  Introduction… Environment: consists of the internal and external forces that surround and affect the person.  A person is always interacting with his/her environment.  The environment is ever changing.  For a person to achieve and maintain a state of harmony, he/she needs to cope with the changing internal and external environment. 14  Introduction… Who is a Person?  Traditionally (biomedical model) the patient/client is viewed as a biological being or a disease entity.  At present (holistic model) the patient/client is viewed as a person with the disease.  A person is:  a wholistic being; a unique being, a feeling and thinking being; a being of worth.  Nurses should place a high value on every person’s life and his/her dignity. 15 BIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGICAL 16 Thank You 17