Introduction To Child Psychology PDF

DPSY - 11125 CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY Conducted by - Ms. Murthi Priyabhashini INTRODUCTION TO CHILD PSYCHOLOGY Learning outcomes 1.1 - Define Child Psychology 1.2 - Identify the History of Child Psychology. 1.3 - Describe the Importan...

DPSY - 11125 CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY Conducted by - Ms. Murthi Priyabhashini INTRODUCTION TO CHILD PSYCHOLOGY Learning outcomes 1.1 - Define Child Psychology 1.2 - Identify the History of Child Psychology. 1.3 - Describe the Importance of Learning Child Psychology 1.1 DEFINE CHILD PSYCHOLOGY What is Psychology? A Greek word. Psyche = soul , ology = science “Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior” Child Psychology is one of the main branch of psychology.  Child psychology is a part of developmental psychology. Development psychologists study Child the physical, mental and behavioral Psychology development of human from birth till the old age.  But child psychologist mainly focus on how child interact with their parents, how they interact with the peers, how the interact with the world to understand their mental process and mental development. the study of the growth and development of the child’s activities, behaviour and learning. What is Child Psychology? 1.1 - Define Child “The branch of psychology concerned with Psychology the systematic study of the mind and behavior, adjustment, and growth of individuals from prenatal development through adolescence” - American Psychological Association - Child Psychologists...... Child psychologists are not only concern about early childhood. They also concern about prenatal development to adolescence. Child Psychologists can identify abnormal behaviors early and help them to overcome. They focus on behavioral issues such as learning issues, attention issues, anxiety, communication issues etc.  Child development is consisted of various aspects Physical Development Language Cognitive Development Development Social Development Moral Development Emotional Development 1.2 HISTORY OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY  Child Psychology has begun to study as a science in the late nineteenth century and influenced in the early twentieth century. As a scientific discipline with a firm empirical basis, child study is of comparatively recent origin.  Charles Darwin (1809-1882) Although not a psychologist, Charles Darwin is most famous for his theory of evolution through the process of natural selection. His theory had a profound impact on the study of child development. As he began a record of the growth and development of one of his own children, collecting the data much as if he had been studying an unknown species. His insights into the continuity of species and the importance of adaptation laid the groundwork for understanding the development of human behavior. G. Stanley Hall(1844 - 1924) Hall led the academic and popular Child Study Movement to evaluate how children learned and grew. Founder the first American psychology laboratory at John Hopkins University(1882–1888) Frequently regarded as the founder of child psychology and educational psychology. Recapitulation theory of Psychological Development. It means that Psychological Development of children repeats the history of the human development. Sigmund Freud (1856 - 1939) “Father of Psychoanalysis” Sigmund Freud emphasized that our childhood experiences, repressed erotic feelings, unconscious conflicts can affect adult behavior and have a greater influence on shaping our personality. CHILDHOOD DETERMINES OUR ADULTHOOD.  Compared human’s mind Ice Burg Metaphor to a “Ice burg which is floating on water”. He described the mind’s Structure and function. Only 10% is visible and 90% is hidden According to his analogy, there are three part of our mind. Conscious mind Preconscious mind Subconscious mind Libido -Energy or the current moving the Ice Burg. (To move the Ice Burg, mind needs some sort of energy. This energy is called as Libido)  Freud’s Stage (Age range ) Psychosexual Erogenous Zone Stage Theory Activity Focus Oral (Birth to 1 1/2 years) Mouth, lips and tongue Sucking, biting and chewing. Anal (1 1/2 to 3 years) Anus Bowel retention and elimination. Phallic (3 to 6 years) Genitals (Penis / Clitoris) Identify with same sex parent to learn gender role and sense of morality. Latency (6 years to puberty) No erogenous zone Cognitive and social development. Genital (puberty to adulthood) Genitals Development of sexual relationships, moving toward intimate adult relationship. John B. Watson (1878-1958) was a prominent behaviorist who believed that the study of psychology should focus on observable behaviors rather than unobservable mental processes. His work helped shape the behaviorist perspective on child development, emphasizing the role of environmental factors and learning  Jean Piaget (1896-1980) He proposed that children progress through distinct stages of cognitive development and that their thinking processes are qualitatively different at each stage. His work significantly influenced educational practices and understanding children's intellectual growth. Piaget introduced 4 stages of development and all children pass throughout these stages even though they do not reach at exactly the same age. 1. Sensory Motor stage 2. Preoperational stage 3. Stage of Concrete Operations 4. Stage of Formal Operations  Piaget believed that one’s childhood plays a vital and active role in a person’s development. Piaget, cognitive development was a progressive reorganization of mental processes resulting from biological maturation and environmental experience.  Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934) A Soviet psychologist, Vygotsky's sociocultural theory emphasized the role of social interaction, culture, and language in child development. He believed that children's learning is strongly influenced by their interactions with more knowledgeable others and the cultural context in which they grow up. Erik Erikson (1902-1994) Erik Erikson is best-known for his famous theory of psychosocial development and the concept of the identity crisis. His theories marked an important shift in thinking on personality; instead of focusing simply on early childhood events, his psychosocial theory looks at how social influences contribute to our personalities throughout our entire lifespans. 1.3 IMPORTANCE OF LEARNING CHILD PSYCHOLOGY  to understand children correctly To understand child’s mentality and behavior and interpret them. To provide learning support. to understand growth and development pattern of the children To achieve responsiveness and interaction between children to know the classroom teaching and learning process to understand psychological and physiological needs of children to understand the development of total personality of the children QUESTION, COMMENTS, FEEDBACK???? THANK YOU