Personal Relationships PDF

MODULE 1 - They feel a strong connection and bond with each other that they do not feel with Personal Relationships anyone else, even with close friend...

MODULE 1 - They feel a strong connection and bond with each other that they do not feel with Personal Relationships anyone else, even with close friends. The - Refers to the association and close bond is also exclusive and monogamous. connections between people, formed by - Arguments and disagreements in romantic emotional bonds and interactions. These relationships also occur. These arguments bonds often grow from and are formed by can be avoided through effective mutual experiences. communication and understanding. - For adolescents, various kinds of physical Family Relationship contact are not appropriate. These include prolonged cuddling and holding, kissing - defined as people living together in a on the lips, and sexual intercourse. These household who are related by birth, activities may lead to premarital sex and marriage, or adoption. It may include untimely pregnancy. And so, for the siblings and parents whom you grew up romantic relationship to be successful for with. One's family relationship can also be both adolescents, it is built on love, trust, extended to grandparents, aunts, uncles, respect, support, and acceptance. and cousins though not living together. - Parents and older relatives' role is to Ways of showing love attraction and love guide, discipline, and support younger members. According to Helen Fisher, attraction is - Family bond plays a vital role in a person's primarily on physiology or certain well-being. It helps form other kinds of hormones that get attracted to others and relationships such as friendships and are the first stage during the changes of romantic relationships bound by love and personality development which leads to closeness. closeness, love, and commitment. - Family members express affection through hugging, kissing on the cheek or I. Biological Model of Love forehead, patting the head or tousling the As proposed by anthropologist Helen hair, patting on the back, etc. in whatever Fisher, there are three brain systems of ways affection is expressed. These love: lust, attraction, and attachment. Each actions show closeness and respect for also involves different neurochemicals in each other. the brain. Friendship Three Brain Systems of Love or Stages of Falling in Love - the people who are not related to us by blood but we choose to interact with them. 1. Lust- refers to an urge or desire that They are the people with whom we share motivates us to partake in sexual activity. our trust, respect, and care. It is also described as a sex drive - a reciprocal relationship associated primarily with estrogens and - Both people must see each other as a androgens. friend for the relationship to exist. Good 2. Attraction is described as the love-struck friendships are mutually respectful, phase. It involves focusing attention on a supportive and share common interests particular person. and ideas. It should be built on honesty, support, and loyalty. Factors that Influence Attraction - Friends who are very close and have known each other well are referred to as a. Physical Attractiveness is one of the "best friends or close friends". primary determinants of romantic attraction. Most people prefer whom they Romantic Relationship consider physically attractive especially in - A romantic relationship is when you feel the early stages of dating. strongly attracted to the other person. The b. Proximity can be explained when people attraction encompasses a person's tend to get attracted to people who are physical attributes and personality. This geographically closer to them. They are should be reciprocated by the other more likely to develop feelings of mutual person in the relationship. A romantic familiarity with the people who live close to relationship is described as the closest them. For example, being attracted to a form of relationship in which, the two classmate since you regularly see the people who are involved will often person. describe themselves as being attracted to c. Similarity is when people choose each other and/or "in love". partners whom they find similarities such  as social class, religious beliefs, and B. LIKING/FRIENDSHIP it refers to feelings of education. It explains when two people friendship. such as closeness, bondedness, and share more attitudes and opinions, the warmth towards the other, without feelings of more they will want to do the same intense passion, or long- term commitment activities. As a result, they would create a C. INFATUATED LOVE there is experience of strong bond between them. passionate arousal but absence of intimacy and d. Reciprocity means people like others decision/ commitment. When relationships do not who like them back. The more a person is develop with intimacy and commitment, this kind liked by someone, the more he/she of love may disappear suddenly. behaves in ways that promote mutual D. EMPTY LOVE characterized by a presence of feelings of liking. commitment with no intimacy or passion. However, empty love may develop into different 3. Attachment is a deep and enduring forms of love. emotional bond that connects one person E. FATUOUS LOVE - passion is present which to another. Usually, long-lasting resulted to commitment but without intimate commitments are exchanged when people involvement. are attached even across time and space. F. COMPANIONATE LOVE characterized by an intimate, non- passionate type of love with a long- II. Triangular Theory of Love term commitment. There are three main components of love G. ROMANTIC LOVE characterized both by as suggested by Robert Stenberg (1988). physical bond and emotional bond in absence of These are intimacy, passion, and commitment. Both intimacy and passion are commitment. The relationships vary and present. depend on the presence or absence of H. CONSUMMATE LOVE -the ideal and complete each of these components. form of love that everyone wants to achieve. According to Sternberg, couples with 1. Intimacy is an interpersonal relationship consummate love are involved in sharing a deep that involves physical or emotional desire to have a long-term relationship with each intimacy. It is characterized by closeness, other than with anyone else. connectedness, and boundedness. 2. Passion is described as an intense III. Theory Love Styles emotion towards a person. It is also shown Ancient Greeks studied love and giving as compelling interest for someone. Like each type a Greek name. Lee (1973) having a desire to spend time with a offers a theory derived from an analysis of person most of the time. writings about love through centuries. 3. Commitment is an act of deciding to Philia (Affectionate Love) usually runs consistently fulfill and live by agreements deep in true friendship. It occurs without with another person. Wherein, the values romantic attraction between friends or of integrity and respect are evident in the family members. It is also called brotherly relationship. Ways to express commitment love when both people share the same in a relationship are showing loyalty and values and respect. It can be shown by conveying honesty. engaging in deep conversation, exchanging beliefs and imperfections, 8 types of love or relationship being open and trustworthy, and being supportive in difficult times. Pragma (Enduring Love) is described as a mature love that develops over time. To reach this relationship commitment and efforts are needed. With the partner by your side, you are "standing in love" instead of "falling in love". It is expressed by strengthening the bond, seeking and showing effort with your partner, and choosing to work with your partner. Storge (Familiar love) is a naturally occurring love rooted in parents and children, as well as best friends. It's an A. NONLOVE Nonlove "refers simply to the infinite love built upon acceptance and absence of all three components of love. Nonlove deep emotional connection. It usually characterizes the large majority of our personal flows between parents and children or relationships, which are simply casual childhood friends. Ways to show this love interactions." are sacrificing one's time, self, or personal pleasures, showing gratitude, and quickly  forgiving. You also share memorable and impactful moments. Eros (Romantic Love) is characterized by personal infatuation and physical pleasure. It is a passionate love displayed through physical affection. In this case, admiration is focused on someone's physical body. Hence, the couple engages in physical touch such as hugging and kissing even if it not appropriate yet. Ludus (Playful love) is a child-like and flirtatious love found in the beginning. This type of love consists of teasing and playful motives between two people. It is shown by having fun together. Mania (Obsessive Love) as named is described as obsessiveness or madness over love. It leads to unwanted jealousy or possessiveness. To avoid it, obsessive or possessive behavior must be recognized to be properly addressed. One should learn to focus on oneself more than another person. Philautia (Self Love) is having a healthy "self-compassion" towards one's self. It HOW TO BECOME RESPONSIBLE IN REAL is when you recognize your self-worth and LIFE don't ignore your personal needs. Self-love begins with acknowledging your 1. Be Honest responsibility for your well-being. "You have to love yourself before you love others" Agape (Selfless Love) is the highest is a versatile phrase that has multiple meanings love to offer. It is an empathetic attitude of when applied to relationships. It can translate to love. It is given without any expectations "You have to be honest with yourself before you of receiving anything in return. It is can be honest with others." Being honest with considered unconditional love. It is yourself begins with a healthy sense of expressed by helping the other person self-awareness, And being self-aware means you improve his life. acknowledge that what you say and do impacts your family, friends, and partner. Five Love Languages by Dr. Gary Cahpman ✓ Words of Affirmation 2. Act on Situations, Don't React ✓ Acts of Service When people are held accountable for their ✓Receiving Gifts behaviors, they often become defensive. Getting ✓ Quality Time defensive is a reaction. When you act on a ✔ Physical Touch situation, you can respond with clarity and awareness, You can practice acting on situations MODULE 2 instead of reacting by taking deep breaths or counting to ten. It Healthy relationships are a vital component of health and well-being. 3. Be Willing to Forgive Your Other People and There is compelling evidence that strong Yourself relationships contribute to a long, healthy, Everyone makes mistakes and forgiving yourself and happy life. Research shows that a or your partner is important for moving past healthy relationship can help you live challenges and making your relationship stronger. longer, deal with stress, be healthier, and When you view taking responsibility for your feel richer. mistakes as an opportunity to learn, your relationship can become a place that fosters and celebrates growth. Forgiveness builds trust and accountability in your relationship, breaks down resentment, and stops the never-fun "blame game. MODULE 3 their approval to feel that you are one of Social relationships are your interactions them. with other people. These kinds of compliance an individual is doing relationships vary from the "degree of something that another individual has told intimacy and vulnerability you offer to them to do. This is also another way of an other people so as to cooperate and adolescent to feel that they belong with achieve a certain objective" (Torres 2017, peers. 3). obedience - this is accepting and doing something directed to you by a person you There are four (4) main types of relationships that look up to as someone in authority. In influence you as an adolescent: most cases in obedience, you believe that (1) Parents you don't have a choice. (2) Peers (3) Community There are three (3) core concepts to understand (4) Society. self concept, self-esteem, and self-efficacy. There is a great relationship among these three Leadership is the ability of the person in authority concepts in understanding the self. Self- efficacy to guide others to achieve certain goals. While influences self-esteem which also influences followership is the act or condition of following a self-concept. leader. Being a follower is not passive, one must be a critical thinker and interactive in the act of Self-concept is the person's awareness helping the leader achieve the goal/s. Thus, the or thinking about himself/herself. Self- leader and the follower need each other. There is concept is developed in ways like a a dynamic relationship of mutual benefit and person's interactions with others and their support between them reaction to him/her and comparisons to other people (as in superiority and Various Roles of Individuals in Society inferiority, similarity and difference). 1. Political leaders Next, self-esteem is the specific - These are the people who create and evaluation or judgment a person creates implement the laws of the land. They are the role models through which we follow about the self-concept. Self-esteem the laws. affects the way a person communicates and behaves by which this concept varies 2. Religious leaders throughout life and the context a person is - These are the individuals who guide their followers according to their faith, They are in. keepers of religious traditions and are also moral leaders. Lastly, self-efficacy is developed through experiences. This is also about the 3. Teachers - They are the educators of young minds. person's extent of seeing himself/herself They impart knowledge to the young as an effective individual. generation to become the next generation of leaders. MODULE 4 4. Children Source Filipino Values - They are the ones that need to be taken care of and ensured that they are Values are a guide to man's behaviors supported with the services they most and actions as they relate with others in need. most situations in life. With Filipinos, 5. Church members values are somehow the symbol of identity - They are the people who commit to which helps them keep harmonious practicing their faith. They let their faith relationships. grow and carry out their faith traditions. 6. Celebrities Some of the Filipino values that we are - They are the people who promote ethical known for are: behavior and responsible personal decisions. They are also expected to show 1. Sense of propriety or 'hiya'. It is a good behaviors as they are always seen positively defined value among Filipinos in public. which means conformity to the good. 2. Pakikipagkapwa-tao. It means showing Social influence is another important concept in empathy towards and with others. social relationships. Some social influences are 3. Hospitality. It is one of the values for known as: which Filipinos are famous; being polite conformity - is behaving as others do. This and accommodating to other people. is desiring to belong to peers and seek  4. Utang na loob. It refers to a sense of 8. Blended family A family that consists of obligation on the part of someone being members from two (or more) previous helped with to repay the one who has families. done a favor. 5. Bayanihan. It is the spirit of communal 9. Conditionally separated families A unity and cooperation. family member is separated from the rest of the family. This may be due to MODULE 5 employment far away; military service; incarceration; hospitalization. They remain Family structure is considered as the family significant members of the family. support system of an individual. The traditional structure of a family involves two married 10. Foster family A family where one or more individuals providing care and stability for their of the children is legally a temporary biological offspring/s. However, this two-parent or member of the household. This also known as the nuclear family has become "temporary" period may be as short as a less prevalent in society. Alternative family forms few days or as long as the child's entire have become more common which extends to childhood. close relatives. 11. Gay or Lesbian family A structure where The family establishes ties across generations. one or both parents' sexual orientation is These generations, from the extended family of gay or lesbian. This may be a two-parent aunts, uncles, grandparents, and cousins can all family, an adoptive family, a single-parent hold significant emotional and economic roles for family, or an extended family. the family. These eventually form various family structures. There are 13 types of family 12. Immigrant family A family where the structures presented by Edwards (2009). parents have immigrated to another country as adults. Their children may or 1. Nuclear family A family unit consisting of may not be immigrants. Some family at most father, mother, and dependent members may continue to live in the children. country of origin, but still, be significant figures in the life of the child. 2. Extended family A family consisting of parents and children, along with either 13. Migrant family A family that moves grandparents, grandchildren, aunts or regularly to places where they have uncles, cousins, etc. In some employment. Children may have a circumstances, this family comes to live relatively stable community of people who either with or in place of a member of the move at the same time or the family may nuclear family. know no one in each new setting. Military families may also lead a migrant life, with 3. Stepfamilies Two families were brought frequent relocation, often on short notice. together due to divorce, separation, and remarriage. Genogram 4. Single parent family This can be either a A genogram is a detailed graphical father or a mother who is singly representation that displays the family's responsible for the raising of a child. The structure and its characteristics. child can be by birth or adoption. They Genograms are structurally comparable to may be a single parent by choice or by life family trees. While a family tree only circumstances. depicts family lineage, a genogram provides much more detailed data about 5. Adoptive family A family where one or the interactions and connections of more of the children has been adopted. each family member. It maps out Any structure of the family may also be an relationships and traits that may be adoptive family. otherwise missed on a family tree. 6. Bi-racial or multiracial family A family Hence, a genogram is a useful tool to where the parents are members of trace information about your family. This different racial identity groups. visual representation can identify patterns or themes within your families that may be 7. Trans-racial adoptive family A family influencing or driving your current where the adopted child is of a different behavior. racial identity group than the parents.  Spiritual Legacy as we are spiritual beings, we should adopt attitudes and beliefs about spiritual matters from one source or another. Parenting Styles Diana Blumberg Baumrind was a clinical Children's links through pregnancy and and developmental psychologist known for birth order among siblings are also her research on parenting styles and her considered. The symbols are applicable critique of the use of deception in for instances such as pregnancy psychological research. According to terminations or multiple births. Refer to the Diana Baumrind, four parenting styles following figures. influence children's development based on two aspects of parenting behavior: control and warmth. Parental Control refers to how parents manage their children's behavior which may range from overly demanding to give hardly any rules or demands. Parental Warmth refers to whether parents are accepting and responsive or rejecting and unresponsive to their children. The four types of parenting are driven by these two aspects. Authoritarian. Parents tend to express little Genogram is also used to trace family affection and warmth to their children. They structures in terms of types of believe that children "should" follow these rules relationships within family and emotional without questioning. The downside of this style is practices. These can be added to your children are not encouraged to express genogram. Consider the following figures themselves. And if not addressed, children will presented. likely become unsociable, unfriendly, rebellious, or dependent. MODULE 6 Permissive. Parents are warm; however, they set no clear rules for their children. Thus, when they Family Legacies reach adolescence, they realize that there are no clear boundaries and there will be no A spiritual, emotional, and social legacy is like consequences for their actions. As a result, a three-strand cord. Individually, each strand adolescents may have problems with their future cannot hold much weight. But wrapped together, relationships. they are strong. That's why passing on a positive, affirming legacy is so important and why a Authoritative. Parents are firm and warm and set negative legacy can be destructive. limits with their children. They explain and reason to their children which helps clarify the rules with Emotional Legacy is fostering a sense of them. They actively listen to their children, allow security and stability nurtured in an questions from them and entertain ideas from environment of safety and love. This them. Children with authoritative parents become legacy is creating an atmosphere that competent, cooperative, likable, and autonomous. provides a child's fragile spirit with the This type of parenting is considered to balance nourishment and support needed for parenting. healthy emotional growth. It requires time and consistency to develop a sense of Ways of Improving Family Relationships emotional wholeness, but the rewards are great. 1. Communicate. It is an important component in any relationship. Talking with each other whether Social Legacy is teaching the family the about trivial things or serious decisions can help fine art of relating to people. If a person improve relationships. learns how to relate well with others, he or she will have an edge in the game of life. 2. Learn to appreciate. Appreciation also promotes healthier relationships because it establishes a more positive home environment. Appreciation is enhanced by hugs, kisses, and Learners' SMART Goals Setting. A planning thoughtful actions like simple "thank you" notes. process that measures five individual criteria to evaluate a goal and determine its viability and 3. Share Activities. No matter how busy family puts it into action. members are, it is important to schedule a shared activity like watching movies, hiking, bowling, or S- Specific - definite, clear, point even something as simple as sharing a meal. M- Measurable- an estimate of what is to These enhance cohesiveness in the family and expected, barometer, mark fosters a sense of belongingness. A-Attainable- to reach as an end of progression, growth effort 4. Be committed. The well-being of the family is R- Relevant-applicable, pertinent, relative to, considered to be the top priority. Members are should make sense committed and loyal to the values and rules T-Timely-key period, a specific timeline for each implicitly or explicitly set by them to keep the step of the process. family together. Two types of personal or career goals. 5. Show support to each other. There will be times that families will experience difficulties, - Short-term goals are for a relatively short challenging the cohesion of the group. However, if period, usually less than a year. members can extend support to each other, chances are that they will be able to overcome - Long-term goals are occurring over or the problems. involving a relatively long time or in considerable terms, specifically one of 6. Accept each member as he/she is. Being more than 10 years. part of a group and maintaining the relationship can be a difficult task but learning and Personal Development is a lifelong process. It is understanding the differences among each a way for people to assess their skills and member can help foster a healthy connection. qualities, consider their aims in life, and set goals to realize and maximize their potentials. MODULE 7 Career Planning is an ongoing process that can Career development is a study of career paths, help you manage your learning and development. success, and behavior. It aims to explain why a person might be a good fit for a certain career. Steps in the Planning Process The lifelong process of managing learning, work, a. Knowing yourself- Skills, likes and leisure, and transitions to move toward a dislikes, and values personally determined and evolving preferred b. Finding out- Exploring what is out future. there c. Making-Decisions- Comparing options Differential Psychology is interested in d. Taking Action-Working towards your work and occupation. Goal. Personality Psychology views an individual as an organizer of their own Career Selection experiences. "You can't connect the dots looking forward; you Social Psychology focuses on social can only connect them looking backward. So you action and the interrelation of personality, have to trust that the dots will somehow connect values, and mind with social structure and in your future. You have to trust in something- culture. your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever." -Steve Developmental Psychology is Jobs concerned with the "life course." Career Goal is a well-defined statement Four Main Stages in Choosing a Career explaining the profession that an individual intends to pursue throughout his career. The A. Self-awareness- this involves looking at your desired result a person predicts, plans, and skills, values, interests, and personality. And commits to achieve a personal desired end-point. analyzing where your strengths and weaknesses It is similar to purpose or aim, the anticipated lie. result which guides reaction, or an end to come up with effective action plans. B. Opportunity/Awareness- Once you have done some preliminary self- analysis, the next GOAL=YOUR DREAM/S + ACTION STEPS + stage is to gather information on the opportunities TARGET DATE open to you. C. Decision-making - Consider suggestions from work). It identifies your purpose, whether that's in others, they could bring up some possibilities that school or simply in daily life. It explains how you you haven't considered before. aim to pursue that purpose, and why it matters so much to you. D. Taking Action- This is the final process of career planning. It Involves: Author and career coach Dan Miller says that a ➤ Finding out about the employers that good mission statement should include three offer the types of jobs or careers you are things: interested in ➤ You can search through online job 1. Your skills and abilities. What you would like applications. Preparing applications and to do in life. Abilities and skills that you are most attending interviews. happy to share with society? ➤ Perhaps taking aptitude tests. 2. Your personality traits. How do you cope with Factors Affecting Career Choices the challenges and difficulties that life throws at you? 1. Self-concept or Self-Identity- Your self-identity is not as solid as it should be, then 3. Your values, dreams, and passions. What choosing a career or even a course to take up in you would like to become and why would you like college will be difficult. to excel in your chosen field/career? 2. Personal Preferences. It is sometimes greatly Some factors influence you or will define you as being affected by the wants of parents for their person, namely; biological, environmental, children. Peer pressure is also one factor that family, and school. influences a certain individual. 3. Motivation. The drive to fulfill one's fullest potentials is the best motivation any person can ever have in living a meaningful life. A person without any motivation will end up wasting a life of unfulfilled potentials. 4. Self-confidence. "Yes, I Can!" Notwithstanding the challenges an adolescent faces after high school, the self-confident person will keep his eyes on his goals and declare to the world that he can do it and will succeed in the pursuit of his dreams. 5. Personal Skills. As children, we already learned certain skills just by observing our parents and siblings, classmates, friends, and school authorities. Be aware of the inherent skills that you have. 6. Personality Characteristics. Knowing your personality characteristics will help you in choosing a career. Certain characteristics are compatible and matched with certain types of work or occupation according to the Hollands trait factory theory. 7. Personal Health. Many health conditions can be handled given the proper guidance from a professional medical specialist. in many instances, however, physical conditions or health issues did not determine certain individuals in pursuing their dreams. MODULE 8 A personal mission statement defines who you are as a person (or as a team member where you