Health Accessories PDF

Health Accessories Lecture by: Dr. Saiqua Lashari Lecturer Department of Pharmacy HEALTH ACCESSORIES Health accessories: are the items, the use of which improves the patient quality of life and provides them maximum physical independence. AIDSHealth accessories include 1.CONVALESCENT AIDS 2...

Health Accessories Lecture by: Dr. Saiqua Lashari Lecturer Department of Pharmacy HEALTH ACCESSORIES Health accessories: are the items, the use of which improves the patient quality of life and provides them maximum physical independence. AIDSHealth accessories include 1.CONVALESCENT AIDS 2.ORTHOPAEDIC BRACES 3.HOME DIAGNOSTIC AIDS 4.DRESSING AND FIRST convalescent mean Gradual return to health and strength after illness. EXAMPLES ARE A.Ambulatory aids , B. Hospital beds, C Patients lifters  AMBULATORY AIDS Ambulatory aids mean relating to or adapted for walking. A device designed to assist walking or otherwise improve the mobility of people with a mobility impairment. Ambulatory aids include Canes Walker Crutches Wheel chairs WALKING CANES Walking canes are very simple and light weighed devices that serve two important functions such as weight transfer and balance. A cane provides a means to transfer weight off the weak limb of patient.. In case of a weak limb the centre of gravity moves from side to side. The use of walking cane provides a balance by providing adjusting the centre of gravity forward The canes may be made up of wooden or metallic. Wooden canes made for male are typically heavier than those made for females. CRUTCHES CRUTCHES :are the device used generally by the patients with temporary disabilities e.g. fractured or by patient who require more support than a cane. EXAMPLES Forearm crutch Axillary crutch Quad crutch FOREARM CRUTCH Also called Canadian or lofstrand crutch supports patient’s wrists and elbows , attaching to the fleshy part of the forearm by a collar or cuff. It is used by patients who need crutches on long term basis. It is usually made of wooden or aluminium. AXILLARY & QUAD CRATCHES AXILLARY CRUTCH Under arm commonly used crutch and provides more support than the forearm crutch since it braces both wrist and elbow. The weight bearing should be on the hand grips to avoid the danger of injury to the lymph glands and nerves that’s why it may lead to crutch paralysis. QUAD CRUTCH The quad crutch is a forearm crutch with a quadrangular(four sided) base attached to the main shaft with a flexible rubber mount. WALKERS A walker or walking frame is a tool for disabled or elderly people who need additional support to maintain balance or stability while walking. USES OF WALKERS Recommended for the patients who need more support than a cane but have reasonably good arms, hand and wrist function. NONWHEELED WALKER The non wheeled walker have four widely placed legs. WHEELED WALKER Also called a rollator walker made up of steel has wheels with multi- braking system and variable wheel resistant. This walker has adjustability to control the ambulatory gait of the user. FOREARM PLATEFOR M ATTACHED WALKER These walker are used for patient with a disability or injury involving the hand or wrist making it non weight-bearing. The platform attachment allows forearm to bear the weight instead of the hand or wrist. WHEEL CHAIRS It is used for weak and infirm patient and elder people having less strength. It promotes the patient maximal physical independence. TYPES OF WHEEL CHAIRS 1.MANUAL WHEEL CHAIR A wheelchair widely used and the user runs this wheelchair with his arms. 2.BATTERY OPERATED WHEEL CHAIR A battery operated wheelchair, also called an electric wheelchair is costly and used for people who can not move but need more mobility or the user with week arms. THREE WHEELED BATTERY OPERATED WHEEL CHAIR Another wheelchair category is a three- wheeled battery- operated scooter. These are often useful for people with limited mobility BED RIDDEN AIDS HOSPITAL BED ACCESSORIES AND TYPES Polyforms mattresses are excellent for hospital beds. A mattress should be covered by plastic impregnated mattress ticking and its well to provide plastic mattress covers.  BEDSIDE SAFETY Bedside safety RAILS The bed side safety rails are the safety device that prevent the patient from falling out of bed. TRAPEZE BARS The trapeze bars are over bed bars used as an assist in sitting up and getting into and out of bed. BED CUSHIONS It support the patient on bed for eating and working in bed in relatively comfort. Support the patient legs to achieve muscle flexion. Protect the patient from bruises. FAECES COLLECTING BED PANS Faeces collecting bedpans are made up of plastic, stainless steel or porcelain, use for collection of faeces of bedridden patients. BED TRAYS OVER BED TRAYS Variety of special tables and trays are available for patient comforts. TABLES Variety bed tables are available to serve meals to patients. OVER BED SPILL PREVENTING TRAYS Over bed trays are used for spill preventing safety aid. A solid or inflatable plastic shampoo tray facilitates shampooing for patients who cannot leave their beds. URINE COLLECTING BED PANS Male/Female Urine collecting bedpans are smaller sloping and flatter containments used for collection of urine of immobilized or overweight patients. BATHROOM SAFETY EQUIPMENTS The bathroom safety equipment's are categorized into equipment's primarily need at toilet and in tub for patient safety. ELEVATED TOILET SEATS The elevated toilet can be attached with the usual bathroom commodes to make it easier for a patient to sit or stand. Elevated toilet seats are used by people with limited mobility. THE TOLIET SAFETY RAILS The toilet safety rails or hand rails are attached either with the elevated seats as mentioned above or can be affixed in wall to support the patients while walking through bathroom or during getting on and off the toilet commodes.  BATHTUB SAFETY AIDS BENCH TYPE TUB SEAT A transfer bench is used with two legs in the tub and two legs on the floor outside the tub. The patient can sit down on the portion of the seat and shift itself by sliding POWERED TUB BENCH This bath seat also called bath lift is powered by either water pressure or a hydraulic pump which actually raise or lowers the height of the seat. THE BATHTUB GRAB BARS The bathtub grab bars range from those which attach to the side of the bathtub to wall- mounted grab bars. It help patient from getting out of Bath tub. COMMODES The commodes are portable toilets used by people with limited mobility and are unable to walk from bed to the bathroom. PATIENT LIFTERS The patient lifters are used to transfer a patient on bed, chair, or to commode. These lifters are either hydraulic or screw-type. ORTHOPEDIC BRACES AND SURGICAL FITTING 1.CERVICAL COLLARS cervical collars are used to provide support or limit the range of motion of neck. These may be soft or of foam for a mild support and stability to neck. 2. SHOULDER IMMOBILIZERS It keep shoulder and arm still. They are used for separation dislocations , and injury to the shoulder area. CLAVICLE SUPPORT & TENNIS ELBOW 3. Clavicle support (also called figure eight straps because of there appearance ) are used as aids for the reduction and stabilization of clavicle fractures 4. Tennis elbow applies pressure to inflamed forearm muscle to support and cushions to those with tennis elbow. BRACES SLINGS BELTS WRIST BRACES Wrist braces are used to reduce motion and to protect and stabilize wrist from sprains and strains. ARM SLINGS The arm slings are used to provide comfort and support during recuperation from fracture , sprains and surgery. RIB BELTS Rib belts are used to stabilize rib fracture. BELTS AND BRACES ABDOMINAL SUPPORTS Abdominal support are used to provide abd support and to hold surgical dressing in place after surgery. KNEE BRACES Knee braces ( also called knee cages) are used for stabilization and support of knee. KNEE IMMOBILIZER Knee immobilizer prevent any motion of the knee and are used for severe injuries or fractures. HOME DIAGNOSTI C AIDS Oral thermometer: Rectal thermometer: Electronic thermometer:  LIQUID CRYSTAL THERMOMETER A liquid crystal thermometer, temperature strip or plastic strip thermometer is a type of thermometer that contains heat- sensitive (thermochromic) liquid crystals in a plastic strip that change colour to indicate different temperatures. Liquid crystals possess the mechanical properties of a liquid,but have the optical properties of a single crystal. Temperature changes can affect the colour of a liquid crystal, which makes them useful for temperature measurement. BABY SOOTHER THERMOMET ER TEST KITS 1.Pregnancy test kit detects the presence of human chorionic gonado tropin (hCG) in urine. The pharmacist must instruct the consumers about the proper instruction carefully. 2. The ovulation test kit helps predict ovulation time and is used to increase the chance of conception. This kit measures the search of luteinizing hormone (LH) that occurs before ovulation. TEST KITS Glucose test kit monitors the glucose levels of the diabetic patient. A drop of blood is first placed on the strip and then just inserted in glucose monitor for measurement. TEST KITS The ketone test kit helps in detecting the presence of ketone in diabetic patient’s urine as an indication of glucose control. HOT BOTTLES Hot bottles is and instruments for applying dry heat.It is made of rubber, hot water bottle has an opening through which warm water is added and stopper securely sealed with a washer. Pharmacist must instruct that bare rubber should never be allowed to come in contact with the skin. ELECTRIC HEATING PAD The advantages of electric heating pad over the hot water bottle include no possibility of leaking and precisely control over temperature. MOIST HEAT PACK It contains bead which become hydrated in boiling water and combine into a gelatanious mass, which has the unique property of holding its temperature for longer time. COLD CAPS / ICE CAPS Ice cap is a reusable instrument of application of cold, it is usually a circular rubber or rubberized mackintosh cloth bag.  TONSILLECTOMY ICE BAG Tonsillectomy ice bag an adaptation of the ice cap is used for throat inflammation.It is the collar-shaped rubber bag and it fits snugly around the neck, holding the ice on the parts. COLD PACKS These are also called cold packs, which are instead of using ice , filled with glycerine or and isopropyl alcohol-water mixture. Based on chemical reaction is either endothermic producing cold , or exothermic producing heat.they maintain heat or cold for 30 minutes. First Aid Emergency care given immediately to an injured person. It is a series of simple medical techniques that almost anyone can perform with minimal training and a little first aid information. In majority of cases, it is a way to minimize injury and future disability. But, in serious cases, first aid may be necessary to keep the victim alive.  Our First Aid Kit Sr. No. First Aid Requirements Usage 1. Are used for a sprain, strain or Elastic "roller" bandages other muscle or joint injury, these bandages can be used to provide support and compression 2. Adhesive tape Adhesive tape is an adhesive- coated fastening tape used for temporary /permanent adhesion between objects 3. Alcohol-based hand cleaner For quick hand wash and to clean the wounds 4. Antibiotic Ointment (Soframycin Ointment is one It helps in healing by keeping of our favorites) out infection and by keeping the wound moist and clean 5. Band aid bandages in assorted sizes To treat cuts and scrapes Our First Aid Kit Sr. No. First Aid Requirements Usage 6. Non-prescription drugs (pain reliever, To provide instant relief.* anti-diarrhea medication, antacid, Take under guidance laxative, activated charcoal) from adults 7. 2-inch sterile roller bandages (3 rolls) To protect wound from 3-inch sterile roller bandages (3 rolls) dirt and germs. 8. Iodophores : 4oz bottle or 12 Iodophores - These individually wrapped swabs. OR chemicals exert their Antiseptic Solution OR Antiseptic Soap antiseptic effect by slowly releasing iodine. 9. Burn gel To treat minor burns 10. Eye wash: 1 small vial To clean, refresh or soothe eyes 11. 2-inch sterile gauze pads (4-6) It cushions and protects 4-inch sterile gauze pads (4-6) wound. They also prevent dryness in an open wound Our First Aid Kit Sr. No. First Aid Requirements Usage 12. A device used to Thermometer measure the temperature. Usually taken orally 13. Safety pins To tie elastic roller bandages 14. Vinyl based (non-allergic) medical For safety examination gloves (2 pair) 15. Instant-acting chemical cold packs To reduce the swelling and inflammation of injured body part 16. A pair of blunt-tipped scissors and To cut bandages, gauze tweezers pads 17. First Aid Kit Manual To explain different items and its usage Useful Tips for First Aid Kit Don't forget to restock your kit after you have used an item from your kit! Always keep the kit handy Keep a small first aid kit in your vehicle and in traveling kit Keep only basic first aid kit items and do not turn it into a dump box If you are in doubt about any item in the first aid box, do not try to experiment with it. You may be causing more harm! If you have a ready made first aid kit, be familiar with all items and read instruction manual carefully Bibliography http://www.all-things-first-aid.com/ index.html http://www.healthtouch.com/bin/ EContent_HT/cnoteShowLfts.asp? fname=07139&title=HOW+TO+USE+AN+E LASTIC+BANDAGE+&cid=HTHLTH www.kidsdomain.com www.safelearner.info Always be safe & happy Thank You!