Ergonomics Requirements PDF

2.1. Ergonomics requirements Ergonomics is fitting the work to the worker in order to reduce risk of injury/discomfort. Fitting between a person and what they do, the objects they use and t...

2.1. Ergonomics requirements Ergonomics is fitting the work to the worker in order to reduce risk of injury/discomfort. Fitting between a person and what they do, the objects they use and the environments in which they work. If good fit is achieved, The stresses on people are reduced. They become comfortable Can do things efficiently and productively without discomfort. 01/19/2025 By Miftah T. 1 Ergonomics cont. Ergonomic risk factors common in office Awkward and Sustained posture Repetition Discomfo Contact rt Stress Musculoskeletal Disorder 01/19/2025 By Miftah T. 2 Ergonomics cont. Repetition Clawing the fingers increases muscle tension in the forearm Use the auto scroll feature, the up or down arrows or the end and home keys on the keyboard 01/19/2025 By Miftah T. 3  Ergonomics cont. Awkward and Sustained Posture Awkward postures that are sustained over periods of time can cause muscle tension, reduce blood flow and even pinch nerves. Maintaining a more neutral posture over time can help reduce discomfort Bending forward Shoulders shrugged Extended forward to at the waist upward This is happens reach keyboard and during sitting. This when the keyboard and mouse. Reaching forward happens when feet are mouse is too tall for the can cause muscle tension not supported and puts user. between the shoulder pressure on the lumbar blades and the neck, 01/19/2025when this discs.By Miftah T. 4 especially  Ergonomics cont. Contact Stress Contact stress is pressure on the body by a hard edge/surface. This can reduce circulation and obstruct nerve signals leading to swelling, tingling or discomfort. Hard desk edge against Front edge of seat forearm. against calf. 01/19/2025 By Miftah T. 5 Ergonomics cont. Common computer user discomfort reports 01/19/2025 By Miftah T. 6 Ergonomics cont. What is a musculoskeletal disorder? A musculoskeletal disorder is soft-tissue injuries caused by sudden or sustained exposure to repetitive motion, force, vibration, and awkward positions. These disorders can affect the muscles, nerves, tendons, joints and cartilage. 01/19/2025 By Miftah T. 7 Ergonomics cont. Musculoskeletal disorders can be controlled through ergonomics. Why is ergonomics important? Exposure to an ergonomic risk factor increases the likelihood that you will experience discomfort. 01/19/2025 By Miftah T. 8 Ergonomics cont. There are many ways people position themselves to use their computer which aren't appropriate. 01/19/2025 By Miftah T. 9 Ergonomics cont. There are many ways people position themselves to use their computer which aren't appropriate. 01/19/2025 By Miftah T. 10 Ergonomics cont. Here are some ways to create a healthy, productive, and ergonomic working environment. 1. Good working posture Hands Straight Wrists and Forearms inline The head should be level, facing forward with no turn to the left or right, and generally be in line with the torso. Standing is a good counterpoint to sitting for long periods. 01/19/2025 By Miftah T. 11 Ergonomics cont. Four ergonomically good working postures. a) Upright sitting 01/19/2025 By Miftah T. 12 Ergonomics cont. b) Declined Sitting 01/19/2025 By Miftah T. 13 Ergonomics cont. c) Reclined Sitting 01/19/2025 By Miftah T. 14 Ergonomics cont. d) Standing posture 01/19/2025 By Miftah T. 15 Ergonomics cont. 2. Adjustable chairs and desks There should be a high-quality adjustable chairs, furniture, and equipment. One size chair most definitely does not fit all. 01/19/2025 By Miftah T. 16 Ergonomics cont. 3. Proper display height and distance Monitors should be placed at eye level. Viewing a display should not require straining of the neck nor squinting of the eyes. Not required to turn your neck to the left, right, up, or down to view a display. 01/19/2025 By Miftah T. 17  Ergonomics cont. 4. Keyboard and mice position Placed where they can be accessed without breaking the neutral positioning rules. Reaching for input devices can lead to excessive fatigue, and after lengthy exposure injury.  Do: Keep wrists flat Don’t: Angle wrists back  01/19/2025 By Miftah T. 18 Ergonomics cont. 5. Reducing repetitive movement Even if perfect ergonomic, repeating the same motion over and over can cause stress injury. The best ways to combat this problem are: Doing something else Performing a different movement Even for a relatively short length of time–will reduce the potential for injury on the tissues under stress. 01/19/2025 By Miftah T. 19 Ergonomics cont. 6. Standing up, moving and looking around Once an hour stand up and take a few minutes to: Walk down the hall Get a drink Look out the window Anything that gets you out of your chair. To reduce the stress on the eyes: Look away from the monitor every 10 to 20 minutes or focus on something more than 20 feet away. Example The clock on the wall The tree outside the window ore any other thing will do. 01/19/2025 By Miftah T. 20 Ergonomics cont. 7. Environmental setting Lighting should not cause glare on computer screens and not be matte or dark. Should be equipped with softer light systems. Lighting that is good for reading printed material is not necessarily the best for computer displays. Enough space to move around 01/19/2025 Temperature. By Miftah T. 21 Ergonomics cont. 8. Ergonomic accessories Footrest Short individuals may benefit from a footrest Headset For those who are required to talk on a phone all day will require a headset to free their hands and save their neck. Document holder To read printed documents. 01/19/2025 By Miftah T. 22 Ergonomics cont. 01/19/2025 By Miftah T. 23  2.2. Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) What is OHS? OHS policy is simply a method of specifying how you, your employees, contractors, and visitors should behave on company premises or when performing company-related activities. The use of computers in the office is associated with a variety of health hazards. A clear OHS can help reduce illness, accidents and other situations by By Miftah T. ensuring that computer users can work 01/19/2025 24 OHS cont. The Reasons for OHS: Eliminates possible danger Safeguard employee productivity Means to promote workplace processes Protect employee rights Maintain worker health 01/19/2025 By Miftah T. 25  Quiz 10% Write ergonomic risk factors which are common in work area? Write at least four ways to create a healthy, productive, and ergonomic working environment? Write the types of system software? 01/19/2025 By Miftah T. 26