01_Introduction.ppt

William Stallings Computer Organization and Architecture 8th Edition Chapter 1 Introduction Architecture & Organization 1 Architecture is those attributes visible to the programmer —Instruction set, number of bits used for data representation, I/O mechanisms, addressing techniques. —...

William Stallings Computer Organization and Architecture 8th Edition Chapter 1 Introduction Architecture & Organization 1 Architecture is those attributes visible to the programmer —Instruction set, number of bits used for data representation, I/O mechanisms, addressing techniques. —e.g. Is there a multiply instruction? Organization is how features are implemented —Control signals, interfaces, memory technology. —e.g. Is there a hardware multiply unit or is it done by repeated addition? Architecture & Organization 2 All Intel x86 family share the same basic architecture The IBM System/370 family share the same basic architecture This gives code compatibility —At least backwards Organization differs between different versions Structure & Function Structure is the way in which components relate to each other Function is the operation of individual components as part of the structure Function All computer functions are: —Data processing —Data storage —Data movement —Control Functional View Operations (a) Data movement Operations (b) Storage Operation (c) Processing from/to storage Operation (d) Processing from storage to I/O  Structure - Top Level Peripherals Computer Central Main Processing Memory Unit Computer Systems Interconnection Input Output Communication lines Structure - The CPU CPU Computer Arithmetic Registers and I/O Login Unit System CPU Bus Internal CPU Memory Interconnection Control Unit Structure - The Control Unit Control Unit CPU Sequencing ALU Login Control Internal Unit Bus Control Unit Registers Registers and Decoders Control Memory Outline of the Book (1) Computer Evolution and Performance Computer Interconnection Structures Internal Memory External Memory Input/Output Operating Systems Support Computer Arithmetic Instruction Sets Outline of the Book (2) CPU Structure and Function Reduced Instruction Set Computers Superscalar Processors Control Unit Operation Microprogrammed Control Multiprocessors and Vector Processing Digital Logic (Appendix) Internet Resources - Web site for book http://WilliamStallings.com/COA/COA7e.html — links to sites of interest — links to sites for courses that use the book — errata list for book — information on other books by W. Stallings http://WilliamStallings.com/StudentSupport.html — Math — How-to — Research resources — Misc Internet Resources - Web sites to look for WWW Computer Architecture Home Page CPU Info Center Processor Emporium ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Architecture IEEE Technical Committee on Computer Architecture Intel Technology Journal Manufacturer’s sites —Intel, IBM, etc. Internet Resources - Usenet News Groups comp.arch comp.arch.arithmetic comp.arch.storage comp.parallel