Computer Organization Lecture Notes PDF

Computer Organization 2nd year, Artificial Intelligence Lecture #1 Dr. Khaled Saada Email: [email protected] Course Info Textbook: — “Computer Organization and Architecture: Designing for Performance”, William Stallings, 9th Edition, 2013, www.williamstall...

Computer Organization 2nd year, Artificial Intelligence Lecture #1 Dr. Khaled Saada Email: [email protected] Course Info Textbook: — “Computer Organization and Architecture: Designing for Performance”, William Stallings, 9th Edition, 2013, www.williamstallings.com/ComputerOrganization Course Overview Ch. 1: Introduction Ch. 2: Computer Evolution and Performance Ch. 3: A Top-Level View of Computer Function and Interconnection Ch. 4: Cache Memory Ch. 5: Internal Memory Ch. 7: Input\Output  Course overview 2 hours/week Tut/Labs Lecture 2 hours/week marks  Quizzes: 5th & 10th 10%  Lab quizzes avr: 6th 5%  7th and 12th week exams: 35%  Final Project: 14th 10%  Final exam: 40% Ch. 1: Introduction Organization vs. Architecture (1) Architecture: attributes visible to the programmer. — Instruction set, number of bits used for data representation, I/O mechanisms, addressing techniques. — Ex.: Is there a multiply instruction? Organization: how features are implemented. Such details may be hidden from programmer. — Control signals, interfaces, memory technology, number of cores. — Ex.: Is there a hardware multiply unit or is it done by repeated addition? Organization vs. Architecture (2) All Intel x86 family share the same basic architecture. This gives code compatibility, at least backwards. Organization differs between different versions (e.g., Core i3/i5/i7, Xeon, Atom, … etc.) Hardware Structure vs. Function Structure: the way in which components relate to each other. Function: the operation of individual components as part of the structure Structure - Top level Peripherals Computer Central Main Processing Memory Unit Computer Systems Interconnection Input Output Communication lines Structure - CPU CPU Computer Arithmetic Registers and CP U Memory Login Unit System Bus Internal CPU I/ Interconnection O Control Unit Structure – Control Unit Control Unit CPU Sequencing Registers AL U Logic Internal Bus Control Unit Control Registers and Unit Decoders Control Memory Function All computers have the following functions: — Data storage — Date processing — Data movement — Control Functional View of a Computer Data Storage Facility Data Control Movement Mechanism Apparatus Data Processing Facility Data Movement e.g., keyboard to screen. Data Storage Facility Data Control Movement Mechanism Apparatus Data Processing Facility Storage e.g., Internet download to a disk. Data Storage Facility Data Control Movement Mechanism Apparatus Data Processing Facility Data Processing to/from Storage e.g., updating a bank statement. Data Storage Facility Data Control Movement Mechanism Apparatus Data Processing Facility Data Processing from Storage to I/O e.g., printing a bank statement. Data Storage Facility Data Control Movement Mechanism Apparatus Data Processing Facility