Which argument is deductive? Which argument is inductive?
Understand the Problem
The question discusses the distinction between deductive and inductive arguments, providing examples of each type to determine their nature. It asks to identify which arguments are deductive and which are inductive based on their premises and conclusions.
Answer
Deductive: Bugs has long ears; Inductive: Penguin from cold area
The deductive argument is: 'All rabbits have long ears. Bugs is a rabbit. Consequently, Bugs has long ears.' The inductive argument is: 'Because most penguins are from areas with cold climates, it is probable that the penguin you saw at the zoo was from an area with a cold climate.'
Answer for screen readers
The deductive argument is: 'All rabbits have long ears. Bugs is a rabbit. Consequently, Bugs has long ears.' The inductive argument is: 'Because most penguins are from areas with cold climates, it is probable that the penguin you saw at the zoo was from an area with a cold climate.'
More Information
Deductive arguments aim to establish their conclusions with certainty given their premises. Inductive arguments aim to show that their conclusions are likely based on the premises.
Tips
A common mistake is confusing the certainty of the premises with the certainty of the conclusion. Deductive reasoning ensures the conclusion given true premises, whereas inductive reasoning provides support for likelihood.
Sources
- How To Reason Out Their Differences - dictionary.com
- Deductive and Inductive Arguments - IEP - iep.utm.edu
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