When an action potential is triggered, what happens to the cell membrane?
Understand the Problem
The question is asking about the changes that occur in the cell membrane during an action potential, specifically the sequence of events such as depolarization and repolarization. This requires knowledge of cellular neurophysiology.
Answer
Depolarization occurs as sodium ions enter the cell.
When an action potential is triggered, the cell membrane undergoes depolarization. Sodium channels open, allowing sodium ions to enter the cell, which reverses the membrane potential and makes the inside of the cell positively charged relative to the outside.
Answer for screen readers
When an action potential is triggered, the cell membrane undergoes depolarization. Sodium channels open, allowing sodium ions to enter the cell, which reverses the membrane potential and makes the inside of the cell positively charged relative to the outside.
More Information
The process of depolarization is critical in the function of neurons as it allows for the propagation of nerve impulses along the neural pathway. It is the initial step in nerve signal transmission.
Tips
A common mistake is to confuse depolarization with hyperpolarization. During depolarization, the membrane potential becomes more positive, while hyperpolarization refers to it becoming more negative.
Sources
- Wikipedia - Action potential - en.wikipedia.org
- Neuron action potentials: The creation of a brain signal - Khan Academy - khanacademy.org
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