What will be the output of the program?

Steps to Solve

1. Initialize Variables

The program starts with two variables:

• $x = 0$
• $y = 0$

2. Understanding the Loop

There's a for loop that will run with a variable $z$ from $0$ to $4$ (5 iterations).

for (int z = 0; z < 5; z++)

3. Analyze the If Condition

Within the loop, there is an if condition:

if ((++x > 2) && (++y > 2))

• The first part of the condition, $++x > 2$, increments $x$ before checking if it's greater than $2$.
• If the condition is false, the second condition ($++y > 2$) is not evaluated due to short-circuiting.

4. Evaluate Each Iteration

Iteration 1: ($z = 0$)

• $x$ becomes $1$ (from $0$).
• Condition: $1 > 2$ is false. $y$ remains $0$.

Iteration 2: ($z = 1$)

• $x$ becomes $2$.
• Condition: $2 > 2$ is false. $y$ remains $0$.

Iteration 3: ($z = 2$)

• $x$ becomes $3$.
• Condition: $3 > 2$ is true. Now it evaluates $++y$, which makes $y = 1$, and $1 > 2$ is false.

Iteration 4: ($z = 3$)

• $x$ becomes $4$.
• Condition: $4 > 2$ is true. Now, $++y$ makes $y = 2$, and $2 > 2$ is false.

Iteration 5: ($z = 4$)

• $x$ becomes $5$.
• Condition: $5 > 2$ is true. Now $++y$ increments $y$ to $3$, and $3 > 2$ is true. So $x$ is incremented to $6$.

After five iterations, the final values are:

• $x = 6$
• $y = 3$

5. Print the Result

The result printed is:

System.out.println(x + " " + y);

This will output 6 3.