What physiological action can occur when transitioning from a supine to an upright position?
Understand the Problem
The question is asking about the physiological changes that occur when a person moves from lying down (supine) to standing up (upright). It specifically references consequences like blood pressure changes or nervous system activity.
Answer
Increased heart rate, increased peripheral vascular resistance, and possible orthostatic hypotension occur when moving from supine to upright.
Transitions from a supine to an upright position can lead to activated baroreceptor reflexes, resulting in increased heart rate by decreasing vagal tone and increased peripheral vascular resistance. This can also cause orthostatic hypotension, leading to dizziness or fainting due to a sudden drop in blood pressure.
Answer for screen readers
Transitions from a supine to an upright position can lead to activated baroreceptor reflexes, resulting in increased heart rate by decreasing vagal tone and increased peripheral vascular resistance. This can also cause orthostatic hypotension, leading to dizziness or fainting due to a sudden drop in blood pressure.
More Information
When transitioning to an upright position, the body must quickly adjust to prevent blood from pooling in the lower extremities. Baroreceptors in the carotid sinus and aortic arch help manage this, primarily by increasing heart rate and constricting blood vessels to maintain blood pressure.
Tips
One common mistake is underestimating the impact of rapid postural changes, which can lead to symptoms like dizziness. To avoid issues, it's best to transition slowly from lying to standing.
Sources
- Effects of standing from supine to upright position - derangedphysiology.com
- Orthostatic hypotension: MedlinePlus Genetics - medlineplus.gov
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