What drives the differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper 1 or helper 2 subtypes?
Understand the Problem
The question is asking about the factors that determine how CD4 T cells differentiate into helper 1 or helper 2 subtypes. It provides multiple choice answers that suggest different mechanisms involved in this differentiation process.
Answer
Cytokines like IL-12, IFNγ (Th1), and IL-4 (Th2) drive CD4 T cell differentiation into Th1 and Th2 subtypes.
The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper 1 or helper 2 subtypes is driven by cytokines such as IL-12 and IFNγ for Th1, and IL-4 for Th2, along with specific transcription factors and signaling patterns from antigen-presenting cells (APCs).
Answer for screen readers
The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper 1 or helper 2 subtypes is driven by cytokines such as IL-12 and IFNγ for Th1, and IL-4 for Th2, along with specific transcription factors and signaling patterns from antigen-presenting cells (APCs).
More Information
Th1 and Th2 cells play different roles in the immune system. Th1 cells are involved in cell-mediated immunity, while Th2 cells are associated with humoral immunity.
Tips
A common mistake is confusing the cytokines responsible for Th1 and Th2 differentiation. Remember, IL-12 and IFNγ are crucial for Th1, while IL-4 is pivotal for Th2.
Sources
- CD4+T Cells: Differentiation and Functions - PMC - NCBI - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- T Helper 1 Cells Overview | Thermo Fisher Scientific - thermofisher.com
- T-Helper Cell - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics - sciencedirect.com
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