What are the properties of solids, liquids, and gases, and what are the changes of state associated with them?

Understand the Problem

The passage explains the characteristics of solids, liquids, and gases, including their properties and changes of state. It also touches on gas behavior and the laws governing pressure and volume relationships. This serves as an overview of basic principles in chemistry regarding states of matter and thermodynamics.

Answer

Solids: definite shape/volume; Liquids: definite volume, shape of container; Gases: no definite shape/volume. State changes: melting, freezing, sublimation, deposition, condensation, vaporization.

Solids have a definite shape and volume, tightly packed particles, and strong intermolecular forces. Liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container with particles that are less ordered. Gases have no definite shape or volume with particles far apart. Changes of state include melting, freezing, sublimation, deposition, condensation, and vaporization.

More Information

Solids have tightly packed particles with strong intermolecular forces. Liquids' particles are less ordered, allowing them to flow. Gases have weak intermolecular forces, allowing particles to move freely. Changes of state occur with energy changes affecting particle motion.

Tips

A common mistake is confusing the properties of gases and liquids, especially regarding shape and volume. Remember that liquids fill a container's shape but retain volume, whereas gases fill any available space entirely.

Sources

8.1: States of Matter and Their Changes - Chemistry LibreTexts - chem.libretexts.org
States of Matter - Science World - scienceworld.ca
Changing States Of Matter - Solid, Liquid And Gas - BYJU'S - byjus.com

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