Solution X is a compound of 1M, 2M, 4M, and 8M. Prepare a serial diluted solution by measuring 2 ml of the solution to the fourth dilution, with each tube (V1, V2, V3, and V4) made... Solution X is a compound of 1M, 2M, 4M, and 8M. Prepare a serial diluted solution by measuring 2 ml of the solution to the fourth dilution, with each tube (V1, V2, V3, and V4) made to 2, 4, 8, and 10 ml of water of the different molarity. Add 1 ml of the final aliquot to 1 ml of solution Y. Tabulate your result and record your observation. Calculate the final molarity of each dilution. Read more

Steps to Solve

1. Identify Starting Solutions You have four initial solutions:

• Solution A: 1M
• Solution B: 2M
• Solution C: 4M
• Solution D: 8M

2. Prepare First Dilution Dilution 1 (V1): To prepare the first dilution, mix 2 ml of Solution A (1M) with 2 ml of water.

   The total volume after dilution is: $$ V_{total} = 2 , \text{ml (Solution A)} + 2 , \text{ml (water)} = 4 , \text{ml} $$

   Calculate the final molarity: $$ M_1 = \frac{M_{initial} \times V_{initial}}{V_{total}} = \frac{1M \times 2ml}{4ml} = 0.5M $$

3. Prepare Second Dilution Dilution 2 (V2): Mix 2 ml of the first dilution (0.5M) with 4 ml of water.

   Total volume: $$ V_{total} = 2 , \text{ml (dilution 1)} + 4 , \text{ml (water)} = 6 , \text{ml} $$

   Final molarity: $$ M_2 = \frac{M_{previous} \times V_{previous}}{V_{total}} = \frac{0.5M \times 2ml}{6ml} \approx 0.167M $$

4. Prepare Third Dilution Dilution 3 (V3): Mix 2 ml of the second dilution (approximately 0.167M) with 8 ml of water.

   Total volume: $$ V_{total} = 2 , \text{ml (dilution 2)} + 8 , \text{ml (water)} = 10 , \text{ml} $$

   Final molarity: $$ M_3 = \frac{M_{previous} \times V_{previous}}{V_{total}} = \frac{0.167M \times 2ml}{10ml} = 0.0334M $$

5. Prepare Fourth Dilution Dilution 4 (V4): Mix 2 ml of the third dilution (0.0334M) with 10 ml of water.

   Total volume: $$ V_{total} = 2 , \text{ml (dilution 3)} + 10 , \text{ml (water)} = 12 , \text{ml} $$

   Final molarity: $$ M_4 = \frac{M_{previous} \times V_{previous}}{V_{total}} = \frac{0.0334M \times 2ml}{12ml} = 0.00556M $$

6. Addition of Solution Y For the final solution, add 1 ml from the fourth dilution (0.00556M) to 1 ml of Solution Y. If the molarity of Solution Y is designated as $M_Y$, the final concentration can be calculated as:

   $$ M_{final} = \frac{M_{dilution} \times V_{dilution} + M_Y \times V_Y}{V_{total}} $$

Assuming Solution Y has 0M (like pure water): $$ M_{final} = \frac{0.00556M \times 1ml + 0M \times 1ml}{2ml} = \frac{0.00556}{2} = 0.00278M $$