Q1. (a) Differentiate between various classes of Immunoglobulins. (b) Discuss in detail about morphology, pathogenesis and lab diagnosis of Mycobacterium. Q2. Differentiate between... Q1. (a) Differentiate between various classes of Immunoglobulins. (b) Discuss in detail about morphology, pathogenesis and lab diagnosis of Mycobacterium. Q2. Differentiate between Gram positive and gram negative bacteria. (b) Humoral and cell mediated immunity. (c) Transduction and transformation. (d) Thrombosis and embolisms. Q3. Write the contribution of following scientist in the field of microbiology: (a) Pasteur. (b) Flemming. (c) Jenner. (d) Lister. Q4. Write short notes on any two of the following: (a) Normal microflora of genitourinary tract. (b) Antigen- Antibody reaction in vivo and vitro. (c) Disease of cardiovascular system. Q5. Define sterilization. Discuss various methods of sterilization used in hospital. Q6. Write in detail the diseases of central nervous system. Discuss pathology of any one. Q7. Write short notes on the following: (a) Rabies. (b) Herpes simplex virus. (c) Candida. (d) Salmonella.
Understand the Problem
The question is about a set of examination prompts related to Medical Microbiology & Pathology. It includes questions about immunoglobulins, bacterial differences, contributions from scientists, sterilization methods, and specific diseases.
Answer
This is a summary of possible answers based on the information given.
Since there is no specific question provided, I'll summarize key information:
Q1 (a): Immunoglobulins
- IgG: Most common, crosses the placenta, provides long-term immunity.
- IgM: First responder, largest antibody.
- IgA: Found in mucous membranes.
- IgD: Part of B cell receptor.
- IgE: Allergies and parasitic infections.
Q1 (b): Mycobacterium
- Morphology: Rod-shaped, acid-fast.
- Pathogenesis: Causes diseases like tuberculosis.
- Lab Diagnosis: Ziehl-Neelsen stain, culture in Lowenstein-Jensen medium.
Q2: Key Differences
- Gram Positive vs Gram Negative: Difference in cell wall structure affecting staining.
- Immunity: Humoral (antibody-mediated) vs Cell-mediated (T cells).
- Transduction vs Transformation: Gene transfer via bacteriophages vs uptake of naked DNA.
- Thrombosis vs Embolisms: Formation of blood clots vs movement of clots.
Q3: Contributions
- Pasteur: Germ theory, pasteurization.
- Flemming: Discovery of penicillin.
- Jenner: Smallpox vaccine.
- Lister: Antiseptic surgery.
Q4: Example Topics
- Normal Microflora: Importance in health.
Q5: Sterilization
- Methods: Autoclaving, chemical disinfectants, filtration.
Q6: CNS Diseases
- Discuss: Infections like meningitis and their pathology.
Q7: Topics
- Diseases like rabies, herpes and their impact on health.
Answer for screen readers
Since there is no specific question provided, I'll summarize key information:
Q1 (a): Immunoglobulins
- IgG: Most common, crosses the placenta, provides long-term immunity.
- IgM: First responder, largest antibody.
- IgA: Found in mucous membranes.
- IgD: Part of B cell receptor.
- IgE: Allergies and parasitic infections.
Q1 (b): Mycobacterium
- Morphology: Rod-shaped, acid-fast.
- Pathogenesis: Causes diseases like tuberculosis.
- Lab Diagnosis: Ziehl-Neelsen stain, culture in Lowenstein-Jensen medium.
Q2: Key Differences
- Gram Positive vs Gram Negative: Difference in cell wall structure affecting staining.
- Immunity: Humoral (antibody-mediated) vs Cell-mediated (T cells).
- Transduction vs Transformation: Gene transfer via bacteriophages vs uptake of naked DNA.
- Thrombosis vs Embolisms: Formation of blood clots vs movement of clots.
Q3: Contributions
- Pasteur: Germ theory, pasteurization.
- Flemming: Discovery of penicillin.
- Jenner: Smallpox vaccine.
- Lister: Antiseptic surgery.
Q4: Example Topics
- Normal Microflora: Importance in health.
Q5: Sterilization
- Methods: Autoclaving, chemical disinfectants, filtration.
Q6: CNS Diseases
- Discuss: Infections like meningitis and their pathology.
Q7: Topics
- Diseases like rabies, herpes and their impact on health.
More Information
The exam covers fundamental microbiology topics, focusing on immunology, bacteriology, historical contributions to the field, and applications relevant to human health.
Sources
- Immunoglobulin - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Structure and Function of Immunoglobulins - PMC - pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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