Mechanisms for depressed ventilation in sleep: 1) Inhibition of wakefulness drive to medullary centres for breathing during sleep 2) Depressed O2 and CO2 ventilatory responses 3) D... Mechanisms for depressed ventilation in sleep: 1) Inhibition of wakefulness drive to medullary centres for breathing during sleep 2) Depressed O2 and CO2 ventilatory responses 3) Depressed tonic activity of upper airway muscles.
Understand the Problem
The question appears to be discussing mechanisms behind depressed ventilation during sleep, specifically focusing on several physiological aspects such as the inhibition of wakefulness drive, depressed ventilatory responses to oxygen and carbon dioxide, and the inactivity of upper airway muscles. It aims to explain how these factors contribute to conditions like sleep apnea.
Answer
Inhibition of wakefulness drive, depressed O2 and CO2 responses, and reduced upper airway muscle activity.
The mechanisms for depressed ventilation in sleep include: inhibition of wakefulness drive to medullary centers for breathing during sleep, depressed O2 and CO2 ventilatory responses, and depressed tonic activity of upper airway muscles.
Answer for screen readers
The mechanisms for depressed ventilation in sleep include: inhibition of wakefulness drive to medullary centers for breathing during sleep, depressed O2 and CO2 ventilatory responses, and depressed tonic activity of upper airway muscles.
More Information
These mechanisms contribute to the decreased ability to respond to changes in oxygen and carbon dioxide levels during sleep and can lead to sleep-related breathing disorders like sleep apnea.
Tips
A common mistake is misunderstanding that these mechanisms are a natural part of sleep physiology, rather than a pathological condition. They're part of the body's normal adaptation to sleep.
Sources
- Respiratory Physiology During Sleep - National Jewish Health - nationaljewish.org
- Effect of sleep on breathing - jtd.amegroups.org
- Pathophysiology of Sleep Apnea - pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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